Deck 10: Becoming the World, 1000-1300 Ce

Question 1

Why was the Malay Peninsula home to so many trading ports?

A) It connected the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea.
B) It was a source of much sought-after mineral wealth.
C) It was the halfway point between Arabia and India.
D) It retained its Brahmanic-Vedic traditions despite Islamic expansion.

Answer 1

It connected the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea.

Question 2

Which of the following was the most successful Islamic state in India during the thirteenth century?

A) the Delhi Sultanate
B) the Ghazna kingdom
C) the Mughal dynasty
D) the Chola kingdom

Answer 2

the Delhi Sultanate

Question 3

Which of the following exemplifies the cultural diversity and blending that took place in the Delhi Sultanate?

A) Multiple languages flourished, including Turkic, Persian, and many local Indian languages.
B) The Turks adopted local clothing styles as better suited to the climate.
C) Sultans adopted the religious architectural style of the local populations.
D) Local populations converted rapidly to Islam.

Answer 3

Multiple languages flourished, including Turkic, Persian, and many local Indian languages.

Question 4

What led to the growth of Melaka as a cosmopolitan entrepôt?

A) its strategic location and proximity to Malayan tropical produce
B) its importance as a site for Muslim pilgrimages
C) its control of the slave trade between West Africa and Europe
D) its importance as a provincial administrative center for the Song

Question 5

Which of the following was a consequence of trade shifting from land-based trade routes to sea-based trade routes?

A) Coastal trading cities expanded dramatically.
B) Banditry decreased.
C) Trade in luxury goods decreased.
D) The world's regions were not as well connected.

Question 6

The magnetic needle compass was important because it allowed navigators to do what?

A) know the direction of their home ports
B) sail under cloudy skies on the open seas
C) calculate longitude
D) control speed of their ships

Question 7

What was the main usefulness of the lateen sail?

A) It permitted easy sailing up river.
B) It allowed maximum speed sailing with the wind.
C) It limited the lateral motion of the ship in high winds.
D) It maximized use of monsoon trade winds.

Question 8

What helped crystallize Chinese cultural identity during the Song dynasty?

A) A print culture established classical Chinese as the common language among educated classes in East Asia.
B) A belief in a single religious tradition provided common ground for all Chinese.
C) Rejection of all non-Han peoples led to cultural unity.
D) The Song government's adoption of Southern China's spoken language created a unified official language.

Question 9

In which of the following ways was Ibn Rushd's thought similar to that of Confucius?

A) He argued for preservation of the five relationships.
B) He argued that an educated class, entrusted with the proper forms of reasoning, would best serve the common people.
C) He argued that one must reject politics, whose entanglements would interfere with pursuit of the proper path to wisdom.
D) He argued against the evils of patriarchy.

Question 10

Which of the following shows the impact of Ibn Rushd's work outside of the Muslim world?

A) He proved that faith was incompatible with reason, influencing church thinking for generations.
B) He wrote the Shah Nama, which influenced Chinese literature.
C) His thinking influenced Christian legal scholars of the Maliki school.
D) His thinking about faith and reason heavily influenced Thomas Aquinas.

Question 11

How did some emperors lessen the power of the hereditary aristocracy?

A) They sent them to the north to form a border guard against the nomadic tribes.
B) They confiscated their estates if they did not swear loyalty directly to him.
C) They granted more power in the military and bureaucracy to the palace eunuchs.
D) They increased the number and power of scholar officials in the government bureaucracy.

Question 12

Between 1000 and 1300 CE, which of the following accurately describes Japan's leaders outside of Heian?

A) They embraced the military as a means to counteract the power of provincial elites.
B) They were able to centralize power over private landowners to a larger degree.
C) They began to distance themselves from Chinese influence concerning political and social authority.
D) They oversaw a highly advanced commercial and urban society.

Question 13

What forced Turkish nomadic pastoralists out of central Asia in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries?

A) freezing temperatures and a lack of rainfall
B) flooding caused by increased rainfall
C) invasions by the Song
D) decreased overland trade

Question 14

Which of the following is a reason for the success of Islamic trading firms in the Mediterranean?

A) They benefited from favored trading status with the Holy Roman Empire.
B) They established a commercial law apart from religion so that all people could participate in trade.
C) They benefited from a legal system that promoted a favorable business environment.
D) They established a state bank so that the royal family could earn a share of trading profits by lending out money.

Question 15

Why was the Song dynasty unable to completely secure its reign?

A) The Song were unable to control the trade in silk and porcelain.
B) The Song were unable to contain the Annamese military.
C) The Song were unable to control the scholar-gentry.
D) The Song were unable to contain the Jurchen, a nomadic group.

Question 16

Which one of the following accurately characterizes the Song dynasty's power?

A) The Song maintained a strong military presence in the north to protect their access to blood-sweating horses.
B) The Song were relatively weak militarily, despite some of their technological advantages.
C) The Song had little influence on peoples outside of their borders.
D) The Song accepted large annual tribute payments from tribes who lived along the border of the empire.

Question 17

How did changes in navigation and multiple-masted cargo ships impact trade?

A) Inland oases remained vital as transshipment points for goods to the coasts.
B) Political authorities did not profit as much from maritime trade as they had from caravan trade.
C) Most shipping firms were government owned.
D) Merchants gave up using overland trade routes such as the Silk Road.

Question 18

Which of the following accurately describes the long-range impact on India of the Turkish invasions?

A) India became less tolerant and diverse.
B) Hindu worship declined because the Turks favored Buddhism.
C) India became more integrated and peaceful.
D) The Turks excluded Jewish and Christian merchants, which damaged India's trade.

Question 19

By the beginning of the fourteenth century, which of the following new social groups supported regional nobles in their competition for political and cultural power with the emperor in Heian?

A) Confucian scholar-gentry
B) ambitious samurai
C) impoverished peasants
D) powerful women

Question 20

Which of the following reflects the attitude exhibited by Muslim rulers toward Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians, as long as they accepted Islam's political rule?

A) Non-Muslim religious leaders forfeited their property to Muslim clerics.
B) Non-Muslims were free to choose their own religious leaders and settle internal disputes.
C) Non-Muslims were forbidden to engage in trade or certain crafts.
D) Sufi missionaries forced non-Muslim religious leaders to convert.

Question 21

What was the economic basis of feudalism in western Europe?

A) slavery
B) long-distance trade
C) iron smelting
D) manorialism

Question 22

Which of the following correctly characterizes the Cahokians?

A) The Cahokians planted fields with potatoes as their staple crop.
B) The Cahokians built, without draft animals or the use of the wheel, large earthen mounds for use in religious ceremonies.
C) The Cahokians recruited Mesoamericans to serve as workers in the fields.
D) The Cahokians successfully defeated tribes from the Great Plains who attacked the settlement in a territorial dispute.

Question 23

Which of the following constitutes a reason for the beginning of the Mongol invasions under Chinggis Khan?

A) the need to find new grazing land for their herds, which were growing too quickly for available resources
B) the desire to spread the Mongol religion of the sky god, Tengri, as a universalizing religion
C) the wish to preempt the manufacture of silk cloth, in order to break the Korean monopoly
D) the interest in finding the source of the Amur River to control its waters for farming

Question 24

Which of the following accurately describes the Toltecs of Mesoamerica?

A) They were a distinct ethnic group that moved into Mesoamerica from North America around 1000 CE.
B) They rose to power rapidly because they filled the void left by the decline of the city of Teotihuacán.
C) They developed a distinct culture that was unusual in that their cities and architecture were not borrowed from other Mesoamerican peoples.
D) They built a major agricultural empire without developing substantial trade.

Question 25

In addition to salt, what were the most valuable commodities in the trans-Sahara trade from the eleventh through fifteenth centuries?

A) kola nuts and malaguetta peppers
B) iron and yams
C) hardwood and ivory
D) gold and slaves

Question 26

Which of the following was the most important political and social change after the collapse of Charlemagne's empire?

A) While monasteries became more independent, their political power decreased.
B) The popes claimed more political authority to replace the vacuum left after Charlemagne's death.
C) The class of knights subjugated previously free peasants, leading to serfdom in much of western Europe.
D) Merchants became wealthier with the revival of long-distance trade, and demanded more political power.

Question 27

Which of the following accurately describes Francis of Assisi and his followers?

A) They preached that European believers should weep, confess their sins to their local priest, and strive to become better Christians.
B) They confined themselves to monasteries and pressured other religious orders to do likewise.
C) They emulated the scholarship and intellectual life of Thomas Aquinas.
D) They emphasized the commonalities between the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic traditions.

Question 28

Which of the following describes the importance of Timbuktu in the fourteenth century?

A) It was a commercial center in southern India that was a way station for traveling Buddhist monks.
B) It was a commercial center in southern India that connected Arab and Chinese trade.
C) It was a commercial center in West Africa that was an intellectual center for Muslim scholars.
D) It was a commercial center in West Africa that provided the majority of spices to Arabia and Europe.

Question 29

What was an effect of Mansa Musa's hajj on the Muslim world?

A) It led Muslim armies to attempt to conquer the gold-rich kingdom of Mali.
B) It created a demand for West African objects of art in Cairo and Alexandria.
C) It demonstrated that West Africa was no longer on the isolated periphery of Muslim lands.
D) It forced other central African states to submit to Mali.

Question 30

Which of the following best summarizes the effect of the Crusades on Southwest Asia?

A) The Crusades were economically devastating to the important centers of trade such as Jerusalem.
B) Muslim leaders did not see knights as a threat and the Crusades were irrelevant.
C) The establishment of the Crusader states threatened to undermine the religious dominance of Islam.
D) The Crusades struck a permanent blow to the prestige and power of cities like Baghdad and Cairo.

Question 31

Which of the following is one of the elements vital to the creation of Europe's Christian identity?

A) the church's refusal to embrace foreign ideas and learning
B) the church's support of increased independence for the peasantry
C) the emergence of universities and a class of intellectuals associated with them
D) the dissolution of the monasteries, allowing the laity to commune directly with God

Question 32

Why were the Spanish conquest of Toledo and the expulsion of Muslim forces from Sicily said to be more important than the Crusades?

A) These campaigns marked the first time European knights united behind a single general.
B) These campaigns marked new cooperation between western Europe and the Byzantine Empire.
C) These campaigns marked turning points in relations between Christian and Muslim power in the Mediterranean.
D) These campaigns marked the first cooperation between Christians and Jews to defeat the common Muslim enemy.

Question 33

What was one of the reasons for the Mongols' success in conquering and governing extensive realms?

A) They incorporated some of the ways and technology of conquered people.
B) They supported local intellectual life in all of their territories.
C) They created a strong navy to expand and protect their realms.
D) They adopted one official state religion throughout their territories.

Question 34

Which of the following is a similarity between the Chimú and the Han and Sui empires?

A) Frequent rainfall in the foothills made irrigation systems unnecessary.
B) There was no rigid social hierarchy, which meant the state could expand rapidly.
C) The emperors ruled directly with a small bureaucracy and few royal officials.
D) The bureaucracy oversaw the construction and maintenance of irrigation canals.

Question 35

In what ways was Christian Europe changing during the period from 1000 to 1300 CE?

A) Catholicism became a faith for only the peasant population.
B) New religious orders and universities arose, and the number of church responsibilities increased.
C) Priests instituted widespread witch hunts to eliminate all vestiges of pre-Christian religions.
D) The identity of Christians was being challenged by contact with Muslims in Spain.

Question 36

What was the predominant form of social organization in the tropical rain forests of western and central Africa?

A) urban communities linked together through long-distance trade
B) small-scale farming societies led by local councils
C) pastoral communities led by shamans
D) seminomadic hunting and gathering communities that believed in divinely chosen kings

Question 37

Which of the following is a similarity between Chan Chan, Tula, and Cahokia?

A) All three were built on major river systems.
B) All three were built near a sea coast.
C) All three were the hubs of major regional trading networks.
D) All three had populations in excess of 50,000 people.

Question 38

What allowed the Mande-speaking peoples to become the primary agents for social and economic integration within West Africa?

A) their expertise in metal working, especially iron
B) their control of trade routes to coastal cities such as Zanzibar and Malindi
C) their refusal to trade in slaves
D) their political organization and expertise in commerce

Question 39

What feature helped integrate eastern and southern Africa into long-distance trading systems?

A) Monsoon winds made east Africa a logical end point for Indian Ocean trade routes.
B) Mandinka people were the most active traders in the Indian Ocean and established entrepôt cities along the coast.
C) Iron mines in the area were exploited by Bantu-speaking people during their migrations.
D) Timbuktu and Jenne were major trade centers.

Question 40

Which of the following was a consequence of the agrarian resurgence in northern Europe that was facilitated by the use of heavier draft animals and the development of metal-clad plows?

A) feudalism
B) massive deforestation
C) transfer of wealth from manors to abbeys
D) increased trade with Kiev

Question 41

Compare the Muslim societies that emerged in Mali and India with the Muslim societies in Baghdad and Cairo. How did different political and social contexts affect the forms of Islam practiced by local rulers?

Question 42

Sharia's prohibition against earning interest on a loan had a chilling effect on Muslim merchants.

Question 43

Compare how the Delhi Sultanate and the Song dynasty established their authority and managed both their internal and external affairs. What similar methods did they use to secure their authority?

Question 44

One reason for the collapse of Cahokia was an invasion by the woodland tribes to the north.

Question 45

How did the major commercial centers in the Afro-Eurasian world foster commercial exchange and establish a new commercial class?

Question 46

Mongol women took part in battles and athletic competitions such as wrestling.

Question 47

Some historians believe that Muslim astronomers' observations of planetary motion influenced Copernicus.

Question 48

The Americas, unlike sub-Saharan Africa, remained separated from the rest of the world in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

Question 49

What was the impact of the Mongol conquests on trade and cultural exchange in China?

Question 50

Compare the impact of geography and trade on development of civilizations in Andean South America and West Africa.