Deck 1: Definitions and Epidemiology of Substance Use, Abuse, and Disorders

Question 1

A 45-year-old woman you know drinks two alcoholic beverages every night after work. She gets up the next morning for work and performs her duties successfully. She does not suffer from any physical or psychological problems. She does not drink on weekends. This woman is definitely .

A) an alcoholic
B) a heavy drinker
C) addicted to alcohol
D) a problem drinker

Answer 1

a heavy drinker

Question 2

Eighty-five percent of general practitioners agreed that alcoholism was a disease, whereas only 50 percent of medical school faculty did. What prediction might you make based on this statement?

A) Medical students will learn from most of their teachers in school that alcoholism is a disease.
B) After school, medical students will teach their older colleagues that alcoholism is a disease.
C) After school, medical students will learn from their older colleagues that alcoholism is not a disease.
D) After school, medical students will learn from their older colleagues that alcoholism is a disease.

Answer 2

After school, medical students will learn from their older colleagues that alcoholism is a disease.

Question 3

Marijuana was once legal in the United States but was prohibited in 1937. Some states currently allow the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes. What are some of the historical uses for marijuana in Mexico that might also justify medicinal use today?

A) Mild euphoria
B) Stimulus for agricultural economy
C) Headache remedy, stimulant
D) Headache remedy, relaxant

Answer 3

Headache remedy, relaxant

Question 4

Narcotics______the central nervous system.

A)stimulate brain activity and
B)depress brain activity but not
C)stimulate brain activity but not
D)depress brain activity and

Question 5

A 45-year-old man you know drinks three alcoholic beverages every night after work. He gets up the next morning for work and performs his duties successfully. He has high blood pressure and gout but does not suffer from any other physical or psychological problems. He does not drink on weekends. This man is .

A) definitely an alcoholic
B) not a heavy drinker
C) definitely addicted to alcohol
D) probably a problem drinker

Question 6

Which phrase describes the illicit use of a legal drug?

A) Religious ritual using alcohol
B) Energy enhancement using methamphetamine
C) Headache remedy using opium
D) Performance enhancement using anabolic-androgenic steroids

Question 7

Which drugs continue to be the most popular with young users?

A) Club drugs and steroids
B) Hallucinogens and steroids
C) Inhalants and steroids
D) Stimulants and steroids

Question 8

defines) both alcoholism and drug addiction as diseases.

A) Medical professionals tend to
B) The World Health Organization
C) Social workers tend to
D) The American Psychiatric Association

Question 9

According to Jellinek and Bowman, alcohol addiction is a disorder characterized by an) .

A) tolerance to alcohol
B) awareness of a compulsion to drink
C) urgent craving for alcohol
D) persistent use despite physical and legal problems

Question 10

Using your own words, compare and contrast the following terms: heavy drinking, problem drinking, alcoholism, binge drinking, alcohol abuse, alcohol addiction. How would you describe responsible drinking?
Chapter 2
The Etiology of Addiction

Question 11

According to the American Psychiatric Association APA), substance abuse and substance dependence are both defined as "a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress." How does the APA differentiate between substance abuse and substance dependence? How would you succinctly define each term?

Question 12

Dramatize a short scene in which a parent is speaking to his or her high school student to discourage the student's use of alcohol or illicit drugs. Use the statistics in this chapter to fortify your script. Then explain the difficulties that a parent might encounter in trying to talk to a child about alcohol or illicit drug use. Consider the difficulties you had in writing your script.

Question 13

Which phrase shows the correct ranking of drug use over a lifetime for all races and ages, from most to least used?

A) Alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, prescription drugs
B) Tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, prescription drugs
C) Prescription drugs, alcohol, tobacco, marijuana
D) Tobacco, alcohol, prescription drugs, marijuana

Question 14

Reviewing the list of drugs in Table 1-1, consider your impressions about drug use by 8^th graders. Then analyze the lifetime use of drugs by 8^th graders given in the table. Excluding the data for Illicit Drugs, rank the five most-used drugs and the five least-used drugs. Explain your reaction to these rankings based on your impressions before your analysis. Do any of the data surprise you? Do they align with your impressions before analysis?

Question 15

With the current trend in tobacco use, which scenario below do you predict will likely happen within the next ten years?

A) Since tobacco use is slowly rising, all college campuses will designate smoking areas on the premises.
B) Since tobacco use is slowly declining, all college campuses will probably ban smoking on the premises.
C) Since tobacco is not a popular drug among all races and both genders in the United States, al college campuses will ban smoking.
D) Since tobacco is a popular drug among all races and both genders in the United States, all college campuses will designate smoking areas.

Question 16

According to Jellinek and Bowman, chronic alcoholism includes .

A) drinking alcoholic beverages to the extent that it interferes with health or social or economic functioning
B) all physical and psychological changes resulting from the prolonged use of alcoholic beverages
C) regularity in the repertoire of drinking behavior
D) continued use of alcohol despite persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of alcohol

Question 17

Fetal alcohol syndrome is a pattern of defects that can develop in a fetus in association with high levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, but not all women who drink alcohol during pregnancy give birth to babies with fetal alcohol syndrome. What is the best advice regarding alcohol for women who are pregnant?

A) Drink alcohol during pregnancy only under the guidance of your physician.
B) Do not drink alcohol during your pregnancy.
C) Drink alcohol sparingly during your pregnancy.
D) Abstain from alcohol during the first 3 months of your pregnancy.

Question 18

Suppose you suspect a 15 year old of using drugs. What is the most likely drug he is using, given that this drug was the most commonly used drug among 14 and 15 year olds in 2007?

A) Opium
B) Crack
C) Marijuana
D) Ecstasy

Question 19

What is the best rationale for calling alcoholism a disease?

A) It can be cured.
B) Alcohol Anonymous says it is a disease.
C) It is a chemical dependency.

Question 20

Present an argument either for or against the legalization of marijuana. Consider the statistics and other information provided in this chapter. You may use your knowledge of the issue outside of the information presented in the chapter. For example, consider the validity of marijuana as a "gateway" drug to other, more dangerous drugs. Also consider the historical and current uses of marijuana.