Deck 15: Health Services Research

Question 1

What is the purpose of the Anderson framework?

A) To develop behavioral interventions that address multiple levels of influence.
B) To adjust for confounders in epidemiological research.
C) To describe access to health care in terms of predisposing factors, enabling factors, and individual need for health care.
D) To outline the steps necessary to improve a health policy.

Answer 1

To describe access to health care in terms of predisposing factors, enabling factors, and individual need for health care.

Question 2

Disability-adjusted life years and quality-adjusted life years are examples of population- level measures of health outcomes.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The quality of health care facilities like hospitals is monitored by accrediting organizations.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which one of the following factors impacts health care quality?

A) The coordination of care.
B) The use of best practices.
C) Licensing and certification standards.
D) All of the above.

Question 5

In pay-for-performance programs, health care providers are rewarded for meeting specific goals for quality and efficiency; for example, using electronic medical records.

Question 6

A benefit of e-prescribing is that physicians can check for drug interactions with existing medications before prescribing a patient a new medication.

Question 7

Which one of the following series of variables lists the key concepts of health services research?

A) Cost, quality, and access
B) Policy implementation, formation, and modification
C) Regulation, organization, and capitation
D) Behavior, education, and prevention

Question 8

In which of the following efforts is the goal to evaluate the impact of different treatment options for a given medical condition in certain types of patients?

A) Value-based purchasing
B) Comparative effectiveness research
C) Continuous quality improvement
D) Fee-for-service payments

Question 9

In the Institute of Medicine's version of the Anderson framework, structural barriers include things like a person's education level, cultural beliefs, and language.

Question 10

According to Donabedian's quality model, health care quality can be measured based on a single domain: the effect of that care on a patient's health status outcomes).

Question 11

According to Penchansky and Thomas, access to health care can be measured in terms of how well the needs of the individual fit with the health care system on factors like the supply of health care providers and where those providers are located.

Question 12

When measuring access to health care, a researcher might consider the number of medical procedures experienced or emergency department visits made. These measures are called:

A) Utilization measures
B) Outcomes measures
C) Incidence measures
D) Mortality measures

Question 13

Which one of the following health information technology applications would be controlled by patients, giving them the ability to store and access information from all of their health care providers?

A) Personal health record
B) Clinical decision support
C) Disease registry
D) E-prescribing

Question 14

Health care costs across the U.S. tend to be very similar and do not vary based on factors like the number of health care providers in a given region.

Question 15

A fee-for-service payment system is one in which providers are paid a specific amount of money per patient per month, regardless of what services are actually provided.

Question 16

The primary goal of which public health discipline is to identify the most effective ways to organize, manage, finance, and deliver high-quality health care?

A) Epidemiology
B) Social and behavioral sciences
C) Environmental health
D) Health services research

Question 17

Which one of the following factors contributes to rising health care costs in the U.S.?

A) The increasing number of people who have health insurance.
B) The rapid increase in the number of new medications and new health technologies being used.
C) The reliance on comparative effectiveness research and clinical guidelines for treatment decisions.
D) The more to coordinating services through a medical home.

Question 18

How are measures of mortality mortality rate) and disability-adjusted life years DALYs) related within a population?

A) By the formula DALY = Mortality rate/2
B) If the mortality rate for a given disease is high, the DALYs from that disease also will be high.
C) There is no consistent relationship; for some diseases both mortality and DALYs are high but for others, death occurs quickly so the mortality rate may be high but DALYs are low.
D) There is an inverse relationship between mortality rate and DALYs.

Question 19

What is the purpose of a clinical information system one of the two major classifications of health information technology)?

A) To provide health services researchers with information about health care utilization among patients.
B) To manage financial and administrative data within health care organizations.
C) To guide clinical decision-making and manage health care data.
D) To track health care providers' time for billing purposes.

Question 20

If a person has health insurance, he is considered to have access to health care.