Deck 5: Cultural Patterns and Communication: Taxonomies

Question 1

High-context cultures transmit messages whose meanings are

A) explicitly stated within the words uttered by participants.
B) not clearly communicated.
C) of significance for only a short period of time.
D) implied from the physical surroundings. Factual

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Hofstede's indulgence versus self-restraint dimension implies that

A) restraint is better than indulgence.
B) indulgence is better than restraint.
C) cultures high on restraint discourage excess consumption.
D) none of the above is true.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

is the extent to which a culture minimizes differences in gender expectations for men versus women.

A) Performance orientation
B) Human orientation
C) Gender egalitarianism
D) Assertiveness Factual

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The saying, "He who dies with the most toys wins" is high in .

A) femininity
B) restraint
C) collectivism
D) masculinity Factual

Question 5

argues that humans are faced with so many perceptual stimuli-sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and bodily sensations-that it is impossible to pay attention to them all. Therefore, one of the functions of culture is to provide a screen between the person and all of those stimuli to indicate what perceptions to notice and how to interpret them.

A) Hall
B) Hofsetede
C) Schwartz
D) GLOBE Factual

Question 6

Cultures that plan for forthcoming events are described by the dimension.

A) humane orientation
B) future orientation
C) performance orientation
D) power distance Factual

Question 7

Time is highly structured in low-context cultures because

A) messages lack clarity.
B) people send messages that are formal and succinct.
C) it takes more effort for people to understand each others' messages.
D) less time is made available to send messages. Applied

Question 8

Individual orientation is a dimension of Taxonomy.

A) Hofstede's Cultural
B) the GLOBE Cultural
C) Hall's Cultural
D) All of the above Factual

Question 9

According to Hofstede, cultures that believe people should be judged on the basis of their achievements tend to have

A) high individualism scores.
B) low uncertainty avoidance scores.
C) high masculinity scores.
D) low power distance scores. Factual

Question 10

Countries low on power distance, such as Denmark and Israel, tend to believe that power

A) is a right that every individual is born with.
B) should only be used for legitimate purposes.
C) is dangerous and should be used with extreme caution.
D) can only be used wisely by the most virtuous and ethical members of a culture. Applied

Question 11

High-context cultures place greater emphasis on

A) independence.
B) equality.
C) the individual.
D) group membershipl

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an expectation of cultures that are high on humane orientation?

A) helping others financially and emotionally
B) sharing information that others may need
C) spending time with others
D) striving to ensure individual happiness Conceptual

Question 13

Low-context messages are

A) overt.
B) covert.
C) formal.
D) informal. Factual

Question 14

Taxonomies of cultural patterns are

A) accurate descriptions of how individual members of a culture behave.
B) comprised of the same parts and categories.
C) made up of individual yet interrelated parts.
D) prescriptions for how cultures should behave.

Question 15

Cultures that value , such as those in Denmark and England, encourage and reinforce each individual's pursuit of pleasurable emotional states, enjoyable feelings, varied experiences, and an exciting life.

A) intellectual autonomy
B) artistic autonomy
C) affective autonomy
D) embeddedness Factual

Question 16

In low-context cultures, messages tend to be .

A) hidden inside gestures
B) ambiguous
C) direct and explicit
D) All of the above Factual

Question 17

Hofstede's individualism-collectivism dimension has been separated into two components: ingroup collectivism and institutional collectivism.

A) of Hofstede's
B) GLOBE
C) complementary
D) complimentary Factual

Question 18

One suggestion proposed by Lustig and Koester to help improve intercultural competence involves a willingness to

A) discard one's cultural categories.
B) reflect on one's own personal preferences.
C) admit that one's culture is imperfect.
D) accept cultural customs even if a person believes them to be unethical. Factual

Question 19

Cultures at the midpoint of the gender egalitarianism dimension believe that

A) gender equality is preferred.
B) men and women should be treated differently.
C) equal treatment of men and women constitutes discrimination.
D) all of the above are true.

Question 20

Highly individualistic cultures, such as the dominant cultures in Belgium, Hungary, the Netherlands, and the United States, believe that people are only supposed to take care of themselves and perhaps their immediate families. Which word best invokes this cultural pattern?

A) independence
B) privacy
C) I D all of the above Conceptual

Question 21

Taxonomies of cultural patterns describe the behavioral patterns of individuals.

Question 22

In regard to uncertainty avoidance, what types of cultures tend to tolerate dissent? Why?

Question 23

Cultures high on uncertainty avoidance will tend to tolerate dissent.

Question 24

People from individualistic cultures believe that judgments about good and bad are primarily decided by the individual.

Question 25

The GLOBE research program builds on the work of Hofstede and on that of Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck

Question 26

The text encourages you to compare your own communication preferences with those of a typical person from another culture. How can this help you improve your intercultural communication skills? Provide two examples.

Question 27

In high-context cultures, messages tend to be direct and explicit.

Question 28

Why do the different taxonomies build off each other or share cultural values?

Question 29

Hofstede's time-orientation dimension refers to one's point of reference about life and work.

Question 30

The performance orientation dimension addresses the degree to which a culture encourages and rewards people for their accomplishments

Question 31

Cultures that plan for forthcoming events are described by the future orientation dimension. Businesses that want to be successful may need to draft strategic plans for growth. Imagine that you are from a culture that is high in future orientation and that you must convince your boss, who is from a culture low in future orientation, to do some long-range planning. How would you approach them with your plans?

Question 32

Cultures are either high-context or low-context.

Question 33

Members of individualistic cultures do not draw a strong distinction between ingroup and outgroup members.

Question 34

Many cultures have beliefs regarding status differences-however small or big-and social hierarchies. Why is it important for a culture to have status differences among its members?

Question 35

Members of collectivistic cultures do not draw a strong distinction between ingroup and outgroup membersl