Deck 8: The Age Transition

Question 1

The long-term impact of a fertility decline on the age structure is to:

A) make it younger.
B) make it older.
C) make it bulge in the middle.
D) None of the above

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Population momentum is most influenced by the proportion of the population that is:

A) under 15.
B) older than 65.
C) women in the reproductive years.
D) foreign-born.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The high sex ratio at birth in China is probably a side-effect of:

A) the widespread use of abortion as a method of birth control.
B) the popularity of the IUD as a contraceptive.
C) the pressure in Chinese society to have daughters.
D) the one-child policy.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Disability-free life expectancy is essentially that age at which we transition from:

A) work to retirement.
B) marriage to widowhood.
C) sickness to health.
D) The Third Age to the Fourth Age.

Question 5

The idea that different behavior is expected of people according to their age is an example of:

A) age discrimination.
B) cohort influences on the age structure.
C) Marxian thought.
D) age stratification.

Question 6

If we are comparing the rate of pregnancy-related deaths among young adult women now with rates from 50 years ago, we are most likely trying to understand the:

A) age effect.
B) period effect.
C) cohort effect.
D) All of the above

Question 7

The country with the greatest number of people aged 65 and older is:

A) China.
B) Italy.
C) Japan.
D) United States.

Question 8

The country with the highest percentage of people aged 65 and older is:

A) China.
B) Italy.
C) Japan.
D) United States.

Question 9

The so-called 'age dividend' or 'demographic windfall' is associated with which of the following types of age structures?

A) Bulge in the working age population
B) Youth bulge
C) Age rectangularization
D) Hourglass economy age pattern

Question 10

The common designation of age 65 as the beginning of old age is based largely on:

A) the average age of retirement in the United States.
B) the individual aging process that lowers productivity after age 65.
C) historical custom. 335)
D) the proportion of people alive past that age.

Question 11

A young age structure tends to have ____; whereas an older age structure tends to have ______.

A) More females than males; more males than females
B) More males than females; more females than males
C) More females than males; more females than males
D) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is the most detailed method of projecting a population?

A) Cohort component method
B) Components of growth method
C) Extrapolation method
D) Demographic analysis method

Question 13

Which demographic process is most responsible for the age dividend/demographic dividend/demographic windfall?

A) Rapid drop in infant mortality
B) Rapid rise in life expectancy
C) Rapid drop in fertility
D) Rapid rate of immigration

Question 14

If you see an age pyramid that caves in at the younger ages, the most likely explanation is:

A) declining fertility.
B) increasing mortality.
C) declining mortality.
D) out-migration.

Question 15

The early impact of mortality decline on the age structure is to:

A) make it younger.
B) make it older.
C) make it bulge in the middle.
D) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following countries has the youngest age structure?

A) Italy
B) Mexico
C) Nigeria
D) United States

Question 17

Which of the following is not necessarily characteristic of the age transition?

A) A shift from a very young population to an older population
B) A so-called demographic dividend
C) A shift from a male majority to a female majority
D) A middle stage with a large young adult population

Question 18

The short-term impact of an increase in migration on the age structure is to:

A) make it younger.
B) make it older.
C) make it bulge in the middle.
D) None of the above

Question 19

Cohort flow captures the idea that:

A) historical events similarly affect people of the same age.
B) people born at the same time tend to die at the same time.
C) cohort effects are more important than either period or age effects.
D) the composition of a population is determined by its pattern of birth cohorts.

Question 20

The single most important influence on the percent of the population that is older is:

A) the fertility rate.
B) the mortality rate.
C) the migration rate.
D) None of the above

Question 21

The majority of older people live in the more developed countries.

Question 22

The impact of mortality decline is more to increase the size of the population than to change the age structure.

Question 23

The dependency ratio measures the ratio of the population of working age to the population of dependent age.

Question 24

A society that has a high proportion of middle-aged people is likely to be economically wealthier than a society that has a high proportion of children.

Question 25

In most human societies, there are more women at the older ages than there are men.

Question 26

If all people aged 65 and older lived in the same country, it would be the third most populous country in the world.

Question 27

Mexico is currently in the midst of its own "age dividend" or "demographic windfall."

Question 28

In most human societies, more females are born than males.

Question 29

The impact of fertility decline is more to decrease the size of the population than to change the age structure.

Question 30

A population projection and a population forecast refer to the same concept.