Deck 12: Coping With Demographic Change

Question 1

Which of these countries was the first to develop a policy to limit fertility?

A) Mexico
B) China
C) United States
D) India

Answer 1

D

Question 2

By the year 2050, which of the following regions of the world is least likely to be worried about an aging population?

A) North America
B) East Asia
C) Western Europe
D) Eastern Europe

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Comparing the major outcomes of the 1974 through 1994 conferences with demographic theory, we can see that:

A) there is little relationship between the conference outcomes and theory.
B) the conferences endorsed Coale's three preconditions for a fertility decline, but in reverse order.
C) each conference placed a correct emphasis on how to reduce fertility in developing countries.
D) the conference outcomes almost exactly followed Coales' three preconditions for a fertility decline.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Although the U.S. government does not have an official population policy, it does provide the following:

A) USAID support for family planning programs in developing countries.
B) abortion counseling in all states
C) guidance to other countries in how to develop a population policy
D) support for the Equal Rights Amendment

Question 5

The region of the world that is expected to have the highest level of fertility in the middle of this century is:

A) Africa.
B) Asia.
C) North America.
D) Latin America.

Question 6

An important serendipitous outcome of the 1984 Mexico City Conference was the Global Gag Rule, which reflected Ronald Reagan's opposition to:

A) family planning assistance.
B) population policy.
C) soviet aggression.
D) abortion.

Question 7

The main outcome of the 1974 World Population Conference was:

A) a statement on global climate change and its demographic impact.
B) a plan for creating a path to sustainable development.
C) a Plan of Action.
D) a statement proposing a global system of family planning.

Question 8

Governments that think their country's rate of growth is too high are most apt to be located in:

A) North America.
B) Europe.
C) South America.
D) Africa.

Question 9

The region of the world that is expected to have the highest level of net migration in the middle of this century is:

A) Africa.
B) Asia.
C) North America.
D) Latin America.

Question 10

The major outcome of the 1994 Cairo Conference on Population and Development was a consensus that special emphasis should be placed on:

A) women's empowerment.
B) demographic targets.
C) providing global access to safe abortion.
D) reducing the risk of HIV/AIDS.

Question 11

Which of the following policies to limit fertility would respond most closely to Coale's first precondition relating to the acceptance of rational choice?

A) Legalize abortion
B) Higher taxes for each additional child
C) Increase legal age at marriage for women
D) Lower infant and child mortality rates

Question 12

The age transition in a country is largely determined by:

A) the increase in life expectancy.
B) the speed of the fertility decline.
C) the status of women.
D) the level of immigration.

Question 13

The world population conferences in Rome in 1954 and Belgrade in 1965 differed from subsequent population conferences in that:

A) they were not hosted by the United Nations.
B) the delegates were academicians, not policy-makers.
C) all subsequent meetings were held outside of Europe.
D) there was no attempt to seriously consider population policy issues.

Question 14

The country that is projected to add the greatest number of people to the planet between now and the middle of this century is:

A) China.
B) India.
C) Mexico.
D) United States.

Question 15

The region of the world that is expected to experience the highest rate of population growth between now and the middle of this century is:

A) Africa.
B) Asia.
C) North America.
D) Latin America.

Question 16

By the year 2050, which of the following regions of the world will have the lowest percentages of people living in urban areas?

A) Africa 523)
B) Asia
C) North America
D) Latin America

Question 17

The region of the world that is expected to have the highest level of infant mortality in the middle of this century is:

A) Africa.
B) Asia.
C) North America.
D) Latin America.

Question 18

By the year 2050, which of the following regions of the world is likely to have the oldest age at marriage among women?

A) North America
B) East Asia
C) Western Europe
D) Eastern Europe

Question 19

Which of the following policy initiatives would likely do the LEAST to raise fertility levels in Europe?

A) Increase government-subsidized child care for working mothers
B) Increase legal immigration
C) Increase retirement pensions for working women
D) Increase domestic gender equity

Question 20

Family planning programs tend to focus especially on:

A) providing condoms.
B) responding to unmet needs for contraception.
C) providing safe abortions.
D) lowering the risk of sexually transmitted disease.

Question 21

The US invasion of Iraq in 2003 led to a huge flood of refugees into the United States.

Question 22

The U.S. approach that "development is the best contraceptive" was put forward at the 1984 International Population Conference in Mexico City.

Question 23

The enforced sterilization program in India has been nearly as successful as China's One-Child Policy in lowering the birth rate.

Question 24

The "Global Gag Rule" refers to the use of condoms.

Question 25

The World Population Conference in 1974 in Bucharest was unique in that it was the first to bring together policy makers rather than professional demographers.

Question 26

The most important aspects of the ICPD programme to influence fertility relate to the setting of quotas or targets for specific countries to meet.

Question 27

China's one-child policy was never even mentioned at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development.

Question 28

The 2004 Population Conference at The Hague set out a new agenda for world population policy.

Question 29

The end of World War II brought considerable focus on the demographic issues that the world would face after the war.

Question 30

France provides an example showing that pronatalist policies can help to produce higher-than-expected fertility levels.