Deck 28: The Female Reproductive System

Question 1

This figure shows the female reproductive system.What does "3" represent?

A)urethra
B)uterus
C)ovary
D)urinary bladder
E)uterine tube

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The vagina has no glands but it is moistened by mucus from glands in the cervical canal.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Inhibin modulates the secretion of LH.

Question 5

The ovarian cycle typically lasts about 28 days, with day 1 considered to be the first day after
ovulation.

Question 6

The number of ovarian follicles declines with age, leading to a reduction of estrogen levels.

Question 7

In the female fetus, the absence of testosterone results in the development of the external genitalia into clitoris, labia minora, and labia majora.

Question 8

The internal female genitalia include the

A)vagina.
B)clitoris.
C)labia majora.
D)labia minora.
E)mammary gland.

Question 9

This figure shows the structure of the female reproductive tract.What does "3" represent?

A)fimbriae
B)myometrium
C)endometrium
D)cervix
E)vagina

Question 10

Unlike men, women lack a refractory period and may experience successive orgasms.

Question 11

Most primary oocytes undergo atresia during climacteric.

Question 12

Progesterone stimulates uterine contractions.

Question 13

This figure shows the female perineum.What does "1" represent?

A)vaginal orifice
B)labium minus
C)labium majus
D)clitoris
E)urethral orifice

Question 14

The uterus is a thick muscular chamber inferior to the urinary bladder.

Question 15

Prolactin is secreted during pregnancy to stimulate milk synthesis so that milk will be available by the
time the infant is born.

Question 16

This figure shows the structure of the ovary.What does "4" represent?

A)primary follicle
B)secondary follicle
C)mature (graafian) follicle
D)corpus luteum
E)corpus albicans

Question 17

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) stimulates the corpus luteum to grow and secrete estrogen and
progesterone.

Question 18

Although two breast cancer genes are known, most cases are nonhereditary.

Question 19

In the excitement phase, the uterus rises from its forward-tilted (anteverted) position.

Question 20

The proliferative phase of the uterus is driven by estrogen from the ovaries.

Question 21

are found in both male and female external genitalia, but the is/are only found in the female.

A)Corpora cavernosa; urethral orifice
B)Corpora cavernosa; bulbourethral glands
C)Corpora cavernosa; vestibular bulbs
D)Corpora spongiosa; mons pubis
E)Corpora spongiosa; urethral orifice

Question 22

After puberty, the vaginal lining becomes to .

A)simple squamous epithelium; allow fast diffusion of nutrients in case a zygote is implanted
B)stratified squamous epithelium; resist abrasion
C)transitional epithelium; provide more elasticity necessary for coitus and delivery
D)simple columnar; facilitate sperm absorption and secretion of vaginal lubricants
E)simple cuboidal; provide protection and lubrication

Question 23

are feminizing hormones.

A)Female gonadotropin-releasing hormones
B)Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
C)Androgens
D)Androgen and progesterone
E)Estrogens

Question 24

The nonpregnant uterine wall consists mostly of , which is composed of .

A)perimetrium; areolar tissue
B)endometrium; simple columnar epithelium and glands
C)endometrium; blood vessels and dense regular connective tissue
D)myometrium; dense irregular connective tissue
E)myometrium; bundles of smooth muscle

Question 25

Mammary glands develop within the breasts primarily

A)during the last weeks of fetal development.
B)at birth.
C)during infancy.
D)during puberty.
E)during pregnancy.

Question 26

During climacteric, sudden may cause hot flashes.

A)vasoconstriction of cutaneous arteries
B)vasodilation of cutaneous arteries
C)vasodilation of cranial arteries
D)vasoconstriction of cranial arteries
E)vasodilation of facial arteries

Question 27

The ovum finalizes meiosis

A)during fertilization.
B)during implantation.
C)as a secondary follicle.
D)as a primary follicle.
E)as a mature (graafian) follicle.

Question 28

The is the site of attachment of the embryo.

A)endometrium
B)perimetrium
C)myometrium
D)uterine tube
E)vagina

Question 29

The ovulated egg is at

A)prophase I.
B)metaphase I.
C)telophase I.
D)prophase II.
E)metaphase II.

Question 30

The ovulated egg is

A)a primary oocyte.
B)a secondary oocyte.
C)a primary follicle.
D)a secondary follicle.
E)a tertiary follicle.

Question 31

Which of these is not found in the vestibule?

A)urinary orifice
B)mons pubis
C)vaginal orifice
D)labia minora
E)clitoris

Question 32

Most of the natural lubrication during female sexual excitement is provided by the

A)semen.
B)sperm.
C)vestibular bulbs.
D)greater vestibular (Bartholin) glands.
E)lesser vestibular glands.

Question 33

The earliest sign of puberty in girls is

A)the onset of breast development.
B)the appearance of pubic and axillary hair.
C)the appearance of sebaceous and axillary glands.
D)the first menstrual period.
E)the increase in muscle mass.

Question 34

Follicles are located in the

A)medulla of the ovary.
B)cortex of the ovary.
C)center of the ovum.
D)epithelium of the endometrium.
E)placenta.

Question 35

Breast size is determined by

A)the amount of adipose tissue.
B)the amount of collagenous fiber.
C)the size of lactiferous sinuses.
D)the amount of mammary gland tissue.
E)muscle tone.

Question 36

The term menstrual cycle specifically refers to

A)the sequence of events from fertilization to giving birth.
B)the events that recur every month during pregnancy.
C)the cyclic events happening from puberty to menopause.
D)the cyclic changes in the uterus determined by shifting hormonal changes.
E)the cyclic changes in the ovaries determined by shifting hormonal changes.

Question 37

The midlife change in estrogen and progesterone is called , whereas the cessation of menstruation is called .

A)climacteric; menopause
B)menopause; climacteric
C)menopause; atresia
D)atresia; climacteric
E)climacteric; atresia

Question 38

act/s primarily in the uterus.

A)Estrogens
B)Androgens
C)Progesterone
D)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
E)Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 39

The appearance of pubic and axillary hair is a stage specifically called

A)puberty.
B)climacteric.
C)thelarche.
D)pubarche.
E)menarche.

Question 40

The arteries rhythmically constrict and dilate causing the uterine mucosa to blanch and flush with blood.

A)uterine
B)arcuate
C)spiral
D)internal iliac
E)ovarian

Question 41

The most abundant estrogen of pregnancy is , but the one that accounts for most of the estrogenic effects in pregnancy is .

A)estrone; estradiol
B)estrone; estriol
C)estriol; estradiol
D)estriol; estrone
E)estradiol; estrone

Question 42

After expelling the oocyte, the follicle becomes the and secretes .

A)corpus albicans; FSH and LH
B)corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone
C)corpus luteum; FSH and LH
D)corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone
E)corpus albicans; progesterone

Question 43

The phase is the one associated with menstrual cramps and typically occurs of the cycle.

A)proliferative; from days 15 to 26
B)secretory; around day 5
C)menstrual; from days 9 to 14
D)premenstrual; days 27 to 28
E)premenstrual; days 13 to 14

Question 44

During the plateau phase, the glans and clitoris swell as the arteries dilate and the corpus or corpora engorge with blood.

A)dorsal; cavernosa
B)deep; spongiosum
C)deep; cavernosa
D)dorsal; spongiosum
E)dorsal; vaginalis

Question 45

The provides fetal nutrition and secretes hormones that regulate pregnancy and fetal development.

A)uterus
B)myometrium
C)endometrium
D)blastocyst
E)placenta

Question 46

During , the uterus is tented (erected) and the cervix is withdrawn from the vagina. Typically, the clitoris is engorged and the labia are bright red to violet due to hyperemia.

A)excitement
B)detumescence
C)orgasm
D)resolution
E)pregnancy

Question 47

The basis of pregnancy test kits is the presence of , which is secreted by the .

A)human chorionic somatomammotropin; endometrium and myometrium
B)human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG); blastocyst and placenta
C)progesterone; corpus luteum and corpus albicans
D)progesterone; blastocyst and embryo
E)estrogens; blastocyst and placenta

Question 48

During the follicular phase, granulosa cells secrete , which stimulates secretion of .

A)estradiol; LH
B)estradiol; FSH
C)estradiol; GnRH
D)progesterone; FSH
E)progesterone; LH

Question 49

Lutein cells develop from

A)the corona radiata.
B)the corpus luteum.
C)the theca interna.
D)granulosa cells.
E)the corpus albicans.

Question 50

inhibit/s the secretion of during the female sexual cycle.

A)GnRH; FSH and LH
B)Estradiol and progesterone; FSH and LH
C)Estradiol; progesterone
D)Estradiol; LH
E)FSH and LH; androgens

Question 51

The basis for contraceptive pills is that they mimic the feedback effect of .

A)positive; FSH and LH
B)positive; estrogens and progesterone
C)negative; FSH and LH
D)negative; human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
E)negative; estrogens and progesterone

Question 52

Which of these blood hormone levels reaches its maximum during the luteal phase?

A)GnRH
B)FSH
C)LH
D)progesterone
E)estradiol

Question 53

Which of these does not leave a follicle when it ovulates?

A)a secondary oocyte
B)a zona pellucida
C)a corona radiata
D)a second polar body
E)the theca folliculi

Question 54

The developing individual is called a(n) during most of the first 2 weeks, a(n) from 3 through 8 weeks, and a(n) from the beginning of week 9 until birth.

A)zygote; embryo; blastocyst
B)zygote; blastocyst; embryo
C)blastocyst; fetus; embryo
D)blastocyst; embryo; fetus
E)embryo; blastocyst; fetus

Question 55

In the adult ovary, more than 90% of the follicles are found as

A)primary follicles.
B)secondary follicles.
C)tertiary follicle.
D)mature (graafian) follicles.
E)primordial follicles.

Question 56

The sometimes expel/s copious fluid similar to prostatic fluid, which constitutes the female ejaculate.

A)prostate gland
B)paraurethral glands
C)bulbourethral glands
D)vestibular bulb
E)vaginal epithelium

Question 57

Most ovulation home test kits measure surge, which happens about 24 hours before ovulation.

A)FSH
B)LH
C)estradiol
D)progesterone
E)temperature

Question 58

During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle

A)several follicles are developing antrums.
B)the corpus luteum is shrinking.
C)the corpus luteum is enlarging.
D)oogonia are transforming into primary oocytes.
E)the oocyte completes meiosis II.

Question 59

In early pregnancy, stimulates growth of the corpus luteum.

A)human chorionic gonadotropin
B)follicle-stimulating hormone
C)human chorionic somatomammotropin
D)adrenocorticotropic hormone
E)progesterone

Question 60

Which is the longest stage of labor?

A)the dilation (first) stage
B)the expulsion (second) stage
C)the placental (third) stage
D)the postpartum stage
E)the puerperium stage

Question 61

Milk ejection occurs as a result of stimulation of nerve endings in the , which leads to the release of from the pituitary.

A)mammary acini; oxytocin
B)mammary acini; prolactin
C)nipple and areola; oxytocin
D)nipple and areola; prolactin
E)nipple and areola; progesterone

Question 62

The infant's only source of nutrition during the first 2-3 days postpartum is

A)casein.
B)colostrum.
C)breast milk.
D)meconium.
E)lactose.