Deck 14: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

The medulla oblongata is the most rostral part of the brain.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The cerebellum exhibits folds called gyri separated by grooves called sulci.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Wernicke area recognizes spoken and written language.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Purkinje cells are unusually large neurons found in the cerebellum.

Question 5

The following are all major components of the brainstem except

A)the diencephalon.
B)the pons.
C)the medulla oblongata.
D)the midbrain.
E)the cerebellum.

Question 6

The pons and cerebellum relate with this secondary embryonic vesicle.

A)telencephalon
B)diencephalon
C)mesencephalon
D)metencephalon
E)myelencephalon

Question 7

Both cerebrum and cerebellum have gray matter in their surface cortex and deeper nuclei, and white matter deep to the cortex.

Question 8

The forebrain consists of the cerebrum and the diencephalon.

Question 9

Structures in the midbrain control homeostasis and relay sensory signals to specific regions of the cerebral cortex.

Question 10

The blood-CSF barrier is composed of dense regular connective tissue lining the ventricles.

Question 11

All cranial nerves lead to structures in the head and neck.

Question 12

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) helps prevent hemorrhages in the nervous tissue of the brain.

Question 13

The gray matter of the cerebrum forms a surface layer called and deeper masses called surrounded by white matter.

A)nuclei; tracts
B)cortex; nuclei
C)cortex; medulla
D)medulla; midbrain
E)medulla; nerves

Question 14

There are three cranial nerves involved in eye movement and two in the sense of taste.

Question 15

The cerebellum is the largest part of the brain.

Question 16

The amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus are involved in such feelings as love, anger, fear,
pleasure, and pain.

Question 17

The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by

A)many sulci.
B)many gyri.
C)the brainstem.
D)the longitudinal fissure.
E)the corpus callosum.

Question 18

The vision association area resides primarily in the temporal lobe.

Question 19

Epidural space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Question 20

The cerebellum is to the cerebrum.

A)superficial
B)deep
C)caudal
D)rostral
E)medial

Question 21

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is most permeable to

A)platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells.
B)sodium, potassium, and chloride.
C)urea and creatinine.
D)glucose and oxygen.
E)antibiotics.

Question 22

The function(s) in visual attention, such as to look and follow the flight of a butterfly.

A)inferior colliculi
B)superior colliculi
C)tegmentum
D)red nucleus
E)substantia nigra

Question 23

From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in this order:

A)dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid.
B)dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater.
C)pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid.
D)pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater.
E)arachnoid, pia mater, dura mater.

Question 24

The pons is not associated with

A)sensory information from the middle region of the face.
B)sensory information from the inferior region of the face.
C)sensory information from the superior region of the face.
D)lateral eye movements.
E)neck movements.

Question 25

Degeneration of neurons in this structure, which inhibits unwanted body movements, leads to the muscle tremors of Parkinson disease.

A)cerebral crus
B)tegmentum
C)pons
D)substantia nigra
E)inferior colliculi

Question 26

This figure shows the major anatomical landmarks of the medial surface of the brain.What does "3" represent?

A)thalamus
B)hypothalamus
C)epithalamus
D)pituitary gland
E)midbrain

Question 27

Sex drive, body temperature, and food and water intake are regulated by

A)the limbic system.
B)the thalamus.
C)the pineal gland.
D)the hypothalamus.
E)the pituitary gland.

Question 28

Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by choroid plexuses in the ventricles and reabsorbed by arachnoid villi in the .

A)lateral, third, and fourth; superior sagittal sinus
B)lateral, and third; superior sagittal sinus
C)lateral, third, and fourth; central canal of the spinal cord
D)lateral; central canal of the spinal cord
E)lateral, third, and fourth; superior saggital sinus

Question 29

The reticular formation is a web of scattered throughout the .

A)nerves; white matter in the cerebrum
B)white matter; cerebellum
C)gray matter; brainstem
D)gray matter; cerebrum
E)neurosomas; hypothalamus

Question 30

This figure shows the major anatomical landmarks of the medial surface of the brain.What does "7" represent?

A)pons
B)midbrain
C)cerebellum
D)medulla oblongata
E)hypothalamus

Question 31

Nearly all the somatosensory input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in

A)the thalamus.
B)the hypothalamus.
C)the epithalamus.
D)the cerebellum.
E)the reticular formation.

Question 32

The is the largest part of the hindbrain.

A)cerebellum
B)cerebrum
C)brainstem
D)pons
E)hypothalamus

Question 33

Loss of equilibrium and motor coordination would most likely be related to a lesion in the

A)limbic system.
B)pons.
C)pituitary gland.
D)medulla oblongata.
E)cerebellum.

Question 34

The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus are derivatives of the embryonic

A)telencephalon.
B)diencephalon.
C)mesencephalon.
D)metencephalon.
E)myelencephalon.

Question 35

The medulla oblongata originates from

A)the telencephalon.
B)the diencephalon.
C)the mesencephalon.
D)the metencephalon.
E)the myelencephalon.

Question 36

The cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory centers are found in

A)the medulla oblongata.
B)the pons.
C)the midbrain.
D)the spinal cord.
E)the diencephalon.

Question 37

The arbor vitae is a structure found in

A)both the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
B)the tegmentum in the midbrain.
C)the cerebellum.
D)the reticular formation.
E)the diencephalon.

Question 38

There are no cranial nerves associated with

A)the thalamus.
B)the medulla oblongata.
C)the midbrain.
D)the cerebellum.
E)the pons.

Question 39

A patient is experiencing a high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness, and intense headaches.A spinal tap showed bacteria and white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).This individual most likely has

A)Parkinson disease.
B)Alzheimer disease.
C)meningitis.
D)hydrocephalus.
E)a stroke.

Question 40

The blood brain barrier (BBB) consists of

A)gap junctions between endothelial cells that form the capillary walls.
B)tight junctions between endothelial cells that form the capillary walls.
C)gap and tight junctions between astrocytes and endothelial cells that form the capillary walls.
D)desmosomes and tight junctions between astrocytes and ependymal cells that form the capillary walls.
E)gap junctions between ependymal cells and endothelial cells that form the capillary walls.

Question 41

Most gray matter of the cerebrum is located in

A)the reticular formation.
B)the neocortex.
C)the limbic system.
D)the basal nuclei.
E)the substantia nigra.

Question 42

After a stroke a patient complains about lack of sensitivity in her right hand.The stroke most likely affected the

A)precentral gyrus in the right frontal lobe.
B)postcentral gyrus in the left parietal lobe.
C)precentral gyrus in the left frontal lobe.
D)postcentral gyrus in the right temporal lobe.
E)postcentral gyrus in the left frontal lobe.

Question 43

The is not a motor cranial nerve.

A)trochlear nerve (IV)
B)abducens nerve (VI)
C)hypoglossal nerve (XII)
D)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
E)accessory nerve (XI)

Question 44

The association area is responsible for perceiving and attending to stimuli, and the association area is responsible for identifying them.

A)temporal; parietal
B)temporal; occipital
C)frontal; occipital
D)parietal; temporal
E)occipital; frontal

Question 45

During rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

A)the muscles relax, and body temperature, blood pressure, and heart and respiratory rates fall.
B)the muscles are very relaxed and body temperature, blood pressure, and heart and respiratory rates are at their lowest levels.
C)the muscles are paralyzed, and body temperature, blood pressure, and heart and respiratory rates increase.
D)a person falls into light sleep.
E)a person begins to relax and feels drowsy.

Question 46

show more lateralization than .

A)Adult males; adult females
B)Young children; adults
C)Young children; elders
D)Adult females; adult males
E)Young male children; adult males

Question 47

The great majority of tracts pass through the corpus callosum.

A)ascending
B)descending
C)projection
D)commissural
E)association

Question 48

Which of the following functions would most likely be controlled by the representational hemisphere of the cerebrum?

A)answering this question
B)diagnosing a patient's disease
C)balancing your checkbook
D)giving a speech
E)painting a picture

Question 49

Destruction of the amygdala would mostly affect

A)memory.
B)awareness of objects.
C)recognition and identification of objects.
D)expression of emotional feelings.
E)cognition.

Question 50

A predominance of waves in an electroencephalogram (EEG) might indicate that a person is physically and mentally relaxed.

A)alpha
B)beta
C)theta
D)delta
E)gamma

Question 51

This figure shows the lobes of the cerebrum and some anatomical landmarks.What does "4" represent?

A)the frontal lobe
B)the occipital lobe
C)the parietal lobe
D)the temporal lobe
E)the insula

Question 52

Short-term memory is associated with the , whereas long-term memory is associated with the .

A)cerebral cortex; hippocampus
B)hippocampus; cerebral cortex
C)cerebral cortex; amygdala
D)amygdala; hippocampus
E)hippocampus; midbrain

Question 53

Which body region is controlled by the largest area of the motor cortex?

A)the shoulder
B)the fingers
C)the toes
D)the trunk
E)the neck

Question 54

This is the largest of the cranial nerves and the most important sensory nerve of the face.

A)the accessory nerve (XI)
B)the facial nerve (VII)
C)the trigeminal nerve (V)
D)the hypoglossal nerve (XII)
E)the abducens nerve (VI)

Question 55

The hippocampus and amygdala are structures found in

A)the medulla oblongata.
B)the basal nuclei.
C)the limbic system.
D)the midbrain.
E)the cerebral cortex.

Question 56

The pyramidal cells of the precentral gyrus are called neurons.

A)stellate
B)third-order
C)first-order
D)upper motor
E)lower motor

Question 57

A lesion of the would probably cause a person to sleep for random lengths of time during a 24- hour period.

A)satiety center
B)mammillary nuclei
C)suprachiasmatic nucleus
D)pituitary gland
E)medial geniculate nucleus

Question 58

Planning, motivation, and social judgment are functions of the brain associated with

A)the frontal lobe.
B)the parietal lobe.
C)the occipital lobe.
D)the insula.
E)the temporal lobe.

Question 59

The pineal gland belongs to

A)the thalamus.
B)the hypothalamus.
C)the occipital lobe.
D)the midbrain.
E)the epithalamus.

Question 60

Nonfluent aphasia, due to a lesion in the , results in slow speech, difficulty in choosing words, or use of words that only approximate the correct word.

A)primary motor area
B)cerebral lateralization
C)Broca area
D)Wernicke area
E)primary auditory area

Question 61

This figure shows the base of the brain.What does "8" represent?

A)the trochlear nerve (IV)
B)the oculomotor nerve (III)
C)the abducens nerve (VI)
D)the facial nerve (VII)
E)the vagus nerve (X)

Question 62

This nerve innervates most of the viscera in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

A)the hypoglossal nerve (XII)
B)the accessory nerve (XI)
C)the trochlear nerve (IV)
D)the abducens nerve (VI)
E)the vagus nerve (X)