Deck 61: General Principles of Endocrinology

Question 1

Hormones released by the anterior pituitary include

A) C alc iton in
B) Glucagon
C) Se cr etin
D) Glucocorticoids
E) TSH

Answer 1

E

Question 2

A major regulatory step in steroid synthesis is carried out by

A) cAMP
B) IP3
C) StAR
D) ACTH
E) G q

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT part of the description of a classical endocrine hormone?

A) It is secreted by a small, circumscribed organ
B) It is secreted by a ductless gland
C) The hormone travels through the blood
D) It eng age s sp ecific r esp ons es fr om spe cific targ ets
E) It is a polypeptide

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Peptide hormones generally are synthesized

A) In the liver
B) As larger precursor proteins that are proteolytically cleaved to become active
C) In the Golgi apparatus
D) On the smooth ER
E) In secretory vesicles

Question 5

Which of the following hormone is NOT carried in the blood by a carrier protein?

A) Thyroxine
B) Cortisol
C) Vitamin D
D) Insu lin
E) Estrogen

Question 6

A reduction in the concentration of hormone require to produce a response is called

A) Up-regulation
B) Down-regulation
C) Sensitization
D) Desensitization
E) Hom ologous up-regulation

Question 7

Which of the following describes a secreted signaling molecule that affects nearby cells without traveling through the blood?

A) Autocrine
B) Paracrine
C) Endocrine
D) Neurocrine
E) Exocrine

Question 8

Hormones that are released as they are made include

A) Glucagon
B) TSH
C) Ins ulin
D) PTH
E) Aldosterone

Question 9

Hormones released by the anterior pituitary include

A) O xyto cin
B) ADH
C) Parathyroid hormone
D) Ins ulin
E) ACTH

Question 10

Hormones released from the posterior pituitary include

A) Pr ola ctin an d o xyto cin
B) TSH, FSH and LH
C) ADH and ACTH
D) Prolactin and ADH
E) Oxytocin and ADH

Question 11

Which o f th e fo llow ing ho rm on es is a m od ified am ino ac id?

A) TRH
B) TSH
C) Thyroxine
D) T hyr og lob ulin
E) TBG

Question 12

The maximum response of a target tissue can be Increased by all of the following EXCEPT

A) Increasing the number of receptor molecules in the tissue
B) Increasing the number of active cells in the tissue
C) Increasing the eff ec tive ne ss of e ac h re ce pto r m ole cu le
D) Increasing the basal response in the absence of stimulus
E) Up-regulation

Question 13

Hormones that are derivatives of amino acids include

A) T3
B) TSH
C) ins ulin
D) PTH
E) aldosterone

Question 14

Pe ptid e h or m on es typic ally

A) bind to receptors on cell surfaces
B) bind to cytoplasmic recep tors C bind to nuclear receptors
D) activate transcription of novel mRNA from DNA
E) half short half lives

Question 15

Sp ecificity of h orm one action is due to

A) Specific interaction of receptor with the hormone
B) Specific expression of the receptor only in target tissues
C) Specific linkage of the receptor with cell responses
D) Location of the receptor for availability to the hormone
E) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is a releasing hormone secreted by cells in the hypothalamus?

A) ACTH
B) CRH
C) TSH
D) LH
E) FSH

Question 17

Which of the followin g de scr ibes a se cre ted s igna ling m olec ule tha t affe cts th e ce ll that sec retes it?

A) Autocrine
B) Paracrine
C) Endocrine
D) Neurocrine
E) Exocrine

Question 18

Ho m olog ous des ens itization refe rs to

A). Reduction in the number of receptors in response to prior exposure to hormone
B) Reduction in the number of receptors in response to a stimulus other than hormone
C) Reduction in strength of binding of hormone due to prior exposure to hormone
D) Reduction in strength of binding of hormone due to a stimulus other than hormone
E) Reduction in maxim um response to the hormone due to prior exposure to hormone