Deck 62: Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

Question 1

Ghrelin is released

A) By the liver after feeding
B) By the intestines after feeding
C) By the liver during fasting
D) By the intestines during fasting
E) By the stomach during fasting

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which o f th e fo llow ing ce ll type s a re NO T fou nd in th e a nte rio r pit uita ry?

A) Som atotrophs
B) Thyrotrophs
C) Osmotrophs
D) Lactotrophs
E) Gonadotrophs

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following are polypeptide releasing factors?

A) All of them
B) TRH , CRH, GnRH, GHR H, SST, dopamine
C) SST and dopam ine
D) TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH, SST
E) TSH, CRH, GHRH and SST

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which is NOT an effect of Increased oxytocin?

A) Increased maternal behavior
B) Contraction of myoepithelial cells in the breast
C) Contraction of the uterus
D) Milk ejection
E) Increased thirst

Question 5

Excess GH in the child causes

A) Gigantism
B) Grave's disease
C) Cretinism
D) O ste op etr os is
E) Ac ro m eg aly

Question 6

C ells tha t syn the size AD H are loc ate d in

A) The supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus
B) The supraoptic chiasm
C) The lateral hypothalamus
D) The ventrolateral and ventromedial hypothalamus
E) Ve ntr icle s o f th e b ra in

Question 7

The horm ones release d in the posterior pituitary are

A) Va so pr es sin an d o xyc on tin
B) TSH and FSH
C) LH and FSH
D) ACTH and TSH
E) ADH and oxy toc in

Question 8

The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by the

A) Pa rs dis talis
B) Pa rs tub er alis
C) Pa rs inte rm ed ia
D) Hyp op hys eal s talk
E) Sella turcica

Question 9

The effects of GH are almost all mediated by

A) Glucagon
B) Epinephrine
C) Thyroxine
D) Insu lin-like gro w th fa cto rs I an d II
E) G hr elin

Question 10

Excess GH in the adult causes

A) Gigantism
B) Grave's disease
C) Cretinism
D) O ste op etr os is
E) Acro m eg aly

Question 11

R ele as ing fac tor s in the hyp oth ala m ic- pitu itar y ax is

A) Stimulate cells in the hypothalamus to release hormones
B) Are released by hypothalamic neurons into the hypophyseal portal blood
C) Re leas e ho rm one s sto red in the p oste rior lobe of the pituitaty
D) G en er ally a ctiv ate res po ns e e lem en ts in the ir ta rg et c ells
E) All stimulate hormone release

Question 12

The m ain effects of ADH include

A) Vasoconstriction
B) Increasing wa ter rea sb so rp tion in th e p ro xim al tu bu le
C) Insertion of AQP2 in luminal mem branes of late distal tubule and collecting duct cells
D) Increasing urea permeability of early distal tubules
E) Both A and C are correct

Question 13

Oxytocin release is stimulated by

A) Suckling
B) H ypo vo lem ia
C) Stre tch of th e ce rvix
D) H ype rk ale m ia
E) Both A and C are correct

Question 14

The m ain stimuli for ADH s ecretion are

A) T hirst a nd hyp er ka lem ia
B) Hypovolem ia and hyperosmolarity of plasma
C) H ypo vo lem ia a nd hyp er ka lem ia
D) Hypertension and hyperosmolarity of plasma
E) Hypernatriuresis and hyperosmolarity of plasma

Question 15

When you are in the upright position, the adenohypophysis lies

A) Su pe rio r to the ne ur oh ypo ph ysis
B) Ante rior to the neu roh ypo ph ysis
C) Po ste rio r to the ne ur oh ypo ph ysis
D) Inf er ior to th e n eu ro hyp op hys is
E) La ter al to the ne ur oh ypo ph ysis

Question 16

Rele as ing fac tor s in the hyp oth ala m ic- pitu itar y ax is

A) Stimulate cells in the hypothalamus to release hormones
B) Are released by hypothalamic neurons into the hypophyseal portal blood
C) Release horm ones store in the pos terior lobe of the pituitary
D) G en er ally a ctiv ate res po ns e e lem en ts in the DN A o f th eir tar ge t ce lls
E) All stimulate hormone release