Deck 61: Assessment of Renal and Urinary Function

Question 1

The nurse monitors for which assessment data in the patient diagnosed with a kidney infection?
1)Urine is pale yellow.
2)Urine output is 600 mL in the last 24 hours.
3)Costovertebral angle tenderness is present.
4)Urine has a faint odor of ammonia.

Answer 1

3

Question 2

The nurse is providing care to a patient who states, "My doctor says I am experiencing nocturia. What does that mean? " Which response by the nurse is best?
1)"It means you have pain radiating to your groin."
2)"It means you have the sudden urge to void immediately."
3)"It means you are getting up frequently at night to urinate."
4)"It means you are unable to completely empty your bladder."

Answer 2

3

Question 3

What term does the nurse use when documenting that the patient has less than 100 mL of urine output in a 24-hour period?
1)Anuria
2)Dysuria
3)Enuresis
4)Oliguria

Answer 3

1

Question 4

The nurse is providing care to a patient who states, "My doctor says I am experiencing urinary urgency. What does that mean? " Which response by the nurse is best?
1)"It means you have pain radiating to your groin."
2)"It means you have the sudden urge to void immediately."
3)"It means you are getting up frequently at night to urinate."
4)"It means you are unable to completely empty your bladder."

Question 5

The nurse prepares the patient with complaints of burning on urination for which diagnostic study?
1)Ultrasonic bladder scan
2)Urinalysis
3)Intravenous urography
4)Cystoscopy

Question 6

What term does the nurse use to document a patient's complaints of painful urination?
1)Anuria
2)Dysuria
3)Enuresis
4)Hematuria

Question 7

The nurse is providing care to a patient at a local clinic. The nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing a urinary tract infection. Which urinalysis result supports the nurse's suspicions?
1)pH 5.2
2)Negative glucose
3)WBC 10-15
4)Specific gravity 1.012

Question 8

What term does the nurse use to document a patient's complaints of involuntary urination at night?
1)Anuria
2)Dysuria
3)Enuresis
4)Hematuria

Question 9

The nurse is providing care to a patient who states, "My doctor says I am experiencing renal colic. What does that mean? " Which response by the nurse is best?
1)"It means you have pain radiating to your groin."
2)"It means you have the sudden urge to void immediately."
3)"It means you are getting up frequently at night to urinate."
4)"It means you are unable to completely empty your bladder."

Question 10

In observing a new graduate nurse palpating a patient's kidneys during a physical examination, which observation requires an intervention by the nurse?
1)Asking the patient to take a deep breath.
2)Using the lower hand to raise the flank while the upper hand palpates.
3)Positioning the other hand over the abdomen, just above the rib cage.
4)Positioning one hand under the patient's flank between the rib cage and the iliac crest.

Question 11

What term does the nurse use to document a patient's complaints of blood in the urine?
1)Anuria
2)Dysuria
3)Enuresis
4)Hematuria

Question 12

Which statement by the female patient about the collection of a clean-catch urine sample indicates the need for further teaching?
1)"I will remove the cap from the sterile specimen container, ensuring not to touch the inside of the lid or container."
2)"I will spread my labia and wipe from back to front with the towelette."
3)"I will begin urinating a small amount into the toilet and, without stopping, place the cup into the stream of urine."
4)"I will securely attach the cap onto the sterile container, ensuring not to touch the inside of the lid."

Question 13

In providing care to a patient with hyperglycemia and normal renal function, the nurse correlates the renal threshold for glucose to which value?
1)Greater than 150 mg/dL
2)Greater than 200 mg/dL
3)Greater than 220 mg/dL
4)Greater than 300 mg/dL

Question 14

The nurse correlates which laboratory result as the most reliable indicator of impaired renal function?
1)Serum BUN 35 mg/dL
2)Serum creatinine 2.4 mg/dL
3)Serum potassium 5.8 150 mEq/L
4)Serum sodium 150 mEq/L

Question 15

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is experiencing symptoms of a kidney stone. Which diagnostic tool does the nurse anticipate will be ordered for this patient?
1)Ultrasonic bladder scan
2)Urinalysis
3)Intravenous urography
4)Cystoscopy

Question 16

In monitoring a patient's renal function, the nurse recognizes that aldosterone is released in response to which physiological factor?
1)Serum sodium 130 mEq/L
2)Serum potassium 3.2 mEq/L
3)Blood pressure 140/90
4)Urine specific gravity 1.010

Question 17

In the patient with metabolic acidosis, what is the role of the kidneys in acid-base balance?
1)Reabsorbs hydrogen ions
2)Reabsorbs bicarbonate ions
3)Excretes sodium ions
4)Excretes calcium ions

Question 18

The nurse is providing care to a patient who states, "My doctor says I am experiencing urinary retention. What does that mean? " Which response by the nurse is best?
1)"It means you have pain radiating to your groin."
2)"It means you have the sudden urge to void immediately."
3)"It means you are getting up frequently at night to urinate."
4)"It means you are unable to completely empty your bladder."

Question 19

In providing care to a patient with suspected urinary retention, the nurse prepares the patient for which diagnostic study?
1)Ultrasonic bladder scan
2)Urinalysis
3)Intravenous urography
4)Cystoscopy

Question 20

The nurse recognizes that the patient with blood loss is at risk of renal damage because the kidney receives what percentage of the total cardiac output?
1)10% to 15%
2)15% to 20%
3)20% to 25%
4)25% to 30%

Question 21

Which finding in the patient four hours after cystoscopy requires an intervention by the nurse?
1)Burning on urination
2)Dark-red urine
3)Pink-tinged urine
4)Urinary frequency

Question 22

The nurse is providing care to a patient who requires the removal of a kidney stone. Which procedure does the nurse anticipate will be ordered for this patient?
1)Ultrasonic bladder scan
2)Urinalysis
3)Intravenous urography
4)Cystoscopy

Question 23

In monitoring a patient's renal function, the nurse recognizes that antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released in response to which physiological factor? Select all that apply.
1)Urine specific gravity 1.042
2)Urine pH 5.0
3)Serum sodium 148 mEq/L
4)Serum osmolality 310 mOsm/L
5)Serum potassium 5.5 mEq/L

Question 24

Which physiologic factors result in the secretion of aldosterone from the kidneys? Select all that apply.
1)Hyponatremia
2)Hypokalemia
3)Hypotension
4)Hyperkalemia
5)Hypernatremia

Question 25

The nurse monitors for which characteristics of urine in the patient with suspected renal impairment? Select all that apply.
1)Clear, yellow color
2)Faint odor of ammonia
3)pH 3.0
4)Specific gravity 1.025
5)Protein 10 mg/dL

Question 26

In planning an educational presentation about age-related changes of the renal system, the nurse includes which information?
1)The kidneys enlarge with age.
2)Blood flow to the kidneys increases with age.
3)Urine concentration increases with age.
4)Glomerular filtration rate decreases with age.

Question 27

Which statement by the 65-year-old female patient about age-related changes to urinary function indicates the need for further teaching?
1)"My risk of urinary infections decreases as I age because of the changes in vaginal pH."
2)"My bladder capacity decreases with age."
3)"I will probably have to get up in the middle of the night to urinate."
4)"Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infection in people my age."

Question 28

The nurse includes which statement in teaching a patient scheduled for intravenous urography?
1)"You will have burning urination after this test."
2)"You will need to increase fluid intake after this test."
3)"You will need to avoid protein intake for 24 hours after the test."
4)"You may feel dizzy for a few hours after the test."

Question 29

Which medications does the nurse identify as potentially nephrotoxic when conducting a health history exam for a patient who is admitted for acute kidney disease? Select all that apply.
1)Ibuprofen (Advil)
2)Lithium (Lithobid)
3)Rifampin (Rifadin)
4)Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
5)Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

Question 30

The nurse monitors for which diagnostic results in a patient with impaired renal function? Select all that apply.
1)Serum BUN 40 mg/dL
2)Serum creatinine 1.8 mg/dL
3)Serum calcium 13.8 mg/dL
4)Serum phosphorus 5.2 mEq/L
5)Serum potassium 2.8 mEq/L