Deck 10: Overview of Infusion Therapies

Question 1

Which intravenous (IV) fluid should the nurse prepare when a patient requires an isotonic solution?
1)0.9% Normal saline
2)2.5% Dextrose in water
3)0.33% Sodium chloride
4)5% Dextrose in lactated Ringer's

Answer 1

1

Question 2

The nurse is initiating intravenous (IV) therapy for an adult patient who requires IV fluid infusion for 2 to 3 days and might require blood administration. Which would the nurse choose as the best option for IV catheterization?
1)Butterfly
2)Midline catheter
3)Short over-the-needle catheter
4)Implantable venous access device

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Which component should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for a patient who is not responding to crystalloids for volume expansion?
1)Platelets
2)Albumin
3)Fresh frozen plasma
4)Packed red blood cells

Answer 3

2

Question 4

The nurse prepares to initiate intravenous (IV) access for an older adult patient who requires a blood transfusion. Which gauge needle is best for the nurse to use for this procedure?
1)18
2)20
3)22
4)24

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a patient who is to have a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line inserted tomorrow. Because the patient's current peripheral access line is infiltrated and needs to be restarted, which site would the nurse avoid using?
1)Radial vein
2)Cephalic vein
3)Median cubital vein
4)Dorsal metacarpal veins

Question 6

The nurse provides care to several patients on a medical-surgical unit. Which situation requires the nurse to follow up with the healthcare provider before administering the prescribed treatment?
1)The patient who requires volume expansion and who is prescribed albumin
2)The patient diagnosed with thrombocytopenia who is prescribed fresh frozen plasma
3)The patient diagnosed with symptomatic anemia who is prescribed packed red blood cells
4)The patient diagnosed with neutropenia and infection that is resistant to antibiotics who is prescribed granulocytes

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a patient who needs to have a peripheral intravenous catheter placed. When the patient requests to have the intravenous (IV) started in the foot, what is the best response by the nurse?
1)"There is an increased risk of infection if an IV is started in your feet or legs."
2)"There is an increased risk of a clot or inflammation if an IV is started in your foot."
3)"Placing an IV in your foot decreases blood flow to your feet."
4)"Placing an IV in your foot is more painful."

Question 8

The nurse is assessing an intravenous (IV) insertion site noting redness, warmth, and mild swelling. The patient reports a burning pain along the course of the vein during medication administration. Which term should the nurse use when documenting these findings in the medical record?
1)Phlebitis
2)Infiltration
3)Extravasation
4)Occlusion

Question 9

The nurse administers a blood transfusion to a patient who begins to experience itching and shortness of breath. The nurse notes the patient has hives and facial flushing. Which is the priority action by the nurse?
1)Monitoring vital signs
2)Stopping the transfusion
3)Elevating the head of the bed
4)Administering prescribed antihistamine

Question 10

In monitoring a patient receiving a blood transfusion, the nurse correlates which clinical manifestation as indicative of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
1)Increased blood pressure
2)Itching
3)Fever
4)Facial flushing

Question 11

Which intravenous (IV) fluid should the nurse prepare when a patient requires a hypotonic solution?
1)0.9% Normal saline
2)5% Dextrose in water
3)0.33% Sodium chloride
4)5% Dextrose in lactated Ringer's

Question 12

The nurse anticipates which fluid movement when administering an isotonic IV fluid to a patient?
1)Fluid moves from the cells into the intravascular space
2)Fluid moves from the intravascular space into the intracellular space
3)Causes no or equal movement of fluid into or out of cells
4)Fluid moves from the intravascular space into the interstitial spaces

Question 13

The nurse performs an hourly check of a patient's intravenous site and notes erythema. The patient denies pain or discomfort. Based on this data, what should the nurse document in the patient's medical record?
1)Grade 1 phlebitis
2)Grade 2 phlebitis
3)Grade 3 phlebitis
4)Grade 4 phlebitis

Question 14

The nurse is reviewing new healthcare provider orders on a patient admitted for treatment of severe dehydration. The patient's serum osmolality is 300 mOsm/kg. It is a priority for the nurse to follow up with the provider if which solution is ordered?
1)5% Dextrose in lactated Ringer's solution (D5LR)
2)Dextrose 5% in 0.45% normal saline 3.0.45% Normal saline
4)Dextrose 5% in 0.9% normal saline

Question 15

The nurse is providing care to a trauma patient who will require the rapid administration of large volumes of fluid in addition to a blood transfusion. Which gauge should the nurse use when initiating intravenous (IV) access for this patient?
1)18
2)20
3)22
4)24

Question 16

The nurse correlates the administration of which blood component to the patient with acute blood loss?
1)Platelets
2)Albumin
3)Fresh frozen plasma
4)Packed red blood cells

Question 17

Which component should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for a patient with severe thrombocytopenia?
1)Platelets
2)Albumin
3)Fresh frozen plasma
4)Packed red blood cells

Question 18

In providing care to a patient with a severe fluid deficit, which prescribed intravenous solution does the nurse recognize as most effective in expanding plasma volume?
1)0.9 % Normal saline
2)Dextrose 10% 3.0.45 % Normal saline
4)Albumin

Question 19

Which component should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for a patient with an elevated prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) who is at an increased risk for bleeding?
1)Platelets
2)Albumin
3)Fresh frozen plasma
4)Packed red blood cells

Question 20

Which intravenous (IV) fluid should the nurse prepare when a patient requires a hypertonic solution?
1)0.9% Normal saline
2)2.5% Dextrose in water
3)0.33% Sodium chloride
4)5% Dextrose in lactated Ringer's

Question 21

The nurse provides care to a patient requiring intravenous fluid administration for dehydration. The healthcare provider prescribes 1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's solution over 8 hours. The nurse sets the pump to deliver ____________________ mL/hour.

Question 22

The nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter (CVC). Which nursing actions should the nurse implement to prevent an air embolism? Select all that apply.
1)Using Luer-Lok connections
2)Frequently checking connections
3)Wearing sterile gloves when accessing any connections
4)Clamping catheters and injection sites when not in use
5)Placing the patient in low-Fowler position to remove the CVC

Question 23

The nurse should intervene if a patient receiving a blood transfusion develops the following clinical manifestations of circulatory overload. Select all that apply.
1)Dyspnea
2)Decreased urine output
3)Bradycardia
4)Increased blood pressure
5)Jugular venous distention

Question 24

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is receiving a blood transfusion. Ten minutes after the infusion is initiated, the patient reports a headache. On further assessment the nurse notes that the patient is experiencing dyspnea and feels warm to the touch. Which is the priority nursing action by the nurse?
1)Stopping the transfusion
2)Preparing for a full resuscitation
3)Notifying the healthcare provider
4)Decreasing the rate of the transfusion

Question 25

The patient who has been receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is being tapered from this therapy. It is important for the nurse to monitor for which complication if the solution is discontinued too rapidly?
1)Hyperkalemia
2)Hypernatremia
3)Hypoglycemia
4)Hypocalcemia

Question 26

The nurse is administering a blood transfusion to an adult patient. The patient reports feeling cold and is shivering 15 minutes after the initiation of the transfusion. The patient's blood pressure has decreased since the last assessment. Which is the nurse's priority action?
1)Slowing the infusion rate and notifying the healthcare provider
2)Slowing the infusion rate and continuing to monitor the blood pressure every 5 minutes
3)Stopping the blood infusion, and infusing normal saline through the existing intravenous (IV) tubing
4)Stopping the blood infusion, removing the tubing from the IV catheter, and replacing it with normal saline

Question 27

In monitoring a patient's intravenous (IV) site, the nurse correlates which findings to an infiltration? Select all that apply.
1)Redness at the insertion site
2)Purulent discharge the insertion site
3)Leaking of fluid from the insertion site
4)Blanched skin near the insertion site
5)Skin cool to touch near the insertion site

Question 28

The nurse is performing venipuncture to initiate intravenous (IV) therapy. Which indicators should the nurse use when choosing the site for IV therapy? Select all that apply.
1)Choosing a straight vein
2)Avoiding a sclerotic vein
3)Using sites distal to joints
4)Using the dominant arm whenever possible
5)Avoiding areas of the vein with a valve

Question 29

Which patients may benefit from central intravenous (IV) access? Select all that apply.
1)The patient receiving caustic IV therapy.
2)The patient requiring long-term IV therapy.
3)The patient who is afraid of needles and does not want a catheter in the peripheral extremity.
4)The patient requiring numerous IV infusions that are not compatible and cannot be infused together.
5)The unstable patient requiring reliable IV access for administration of medications required immediately.

Question 30

The nurse educator is developing a class on different types of intravenous catheters for an orientation for new staff. The nurse includes which types of catheters as examples of central venous devices? Select all that apply.
1)Midline catheters
2)PICC lines 3.20-gauge over-the-needle IVAD
4)Implanted ports
5)Butterfly catheters