Deck 11: Emotional Development

Question 1

Ten-year-old Kieran is quite attached to his mother and father. His parents are divorced. According to the text, which of the following would be a possible response to this disruption with his relationship with his parents?

A) He would continue with his regular activities.
B) He would stick close by their sides as much as possible.
C) He would quite sad whenever he's at school.
D) He would become angry or aggressive.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which one of the following best describes Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?

A) A series of stages, each of which has a unique developmental task to be addressed
B) A process of becoming increasingly self-confident through the years as one's competence improves
C) A series of stages in which people develop increasingly more sophisticated social skills
D) A progression of increasingly abstract understandings of social situations

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Jules is discovering that by being able to write all the alphabet letters in cursive, he is winning the approval of his teacher. Without knowing anything else about Jules, the best guess is that he is in Erikson's stage of:

A) Trust versus mistrust
B) Autonomy versus shame and doubt
C) Initiative versus guilt
D) Industry versus inferiority

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Three of the following factors are influential in young children's ability to form one or more secure attachments to caregivers. Which factor is least important?

A) Frequent expressions of affection
B) Consistency in responding to children's needs
C) Presence of the same caregiver throughout the day
D) Adults' willingness to let children sometimes take the lead in interactions

Question 5

When a new child care provider picks up 11-month-old Ceci for the first time, Ceci screams hysterically and struggles to get away. Which one of the following is the most likely explanation for Ceci's behavior?

A) She is showing a lack of attachment to other caregivers in her life.
B) She is showing stranger anxiety, which is common at the end of the first year.
C) Her resistance indicates a hypersensitivity to stimulation, signaling possible autism.
D) Her resistance indicates an absence of the need for relatedness, signaling a possible emotional disturbance.

Question 6

On her first day at a new child care center, 2-year-old Martha is quite upset when her father leaves to go to work. When Dad returns that afternoon, Martha runs to him for a hug but then soon pushes Dad away. Martha's behavior is most consistent with a(n):

A) secure attachment
B) insecure-resistant attachment
C) insecure-avoidant attachment
D) disorganized and disoriented attachment

Question 7

On his first day at a new preschool, 3-year-old Kegan's attention is immediately attracted to a wooden train set on the far side of the room. But no sooner has he begun to play with the train than a large teddy bear catches his eye, and he seems unconcerned when his mother leaves the room. Kegan continues to flit from one toy to another all morning without getting very involved in any one of them. He hardly reacts when Mom returns a couple of hours later. Kegan's behavior is most consistent with a(n):

A) insecure-avoidant attachment
B) insecure-resistant attachment
C) secure attachment
D) disorganized and disoriented attachment

Question 8

Three of the following statements about diversity in attachment are true. Which one is false?

A) In individualistic cultures, parents encourage their children to be independent and assertive.
B) Japanese infants often become quite upset in their mothers' absence, as their mothers rarely leave them.
C) German infants are quite accustomed to being left alone outside a shop while their parents complete short errands.
D) In some cultures, harsh and abusive parenting is the norm rather than the exception, and so children rarely become attached to an adult.

Question 9

While Mother fills out an application form at a new preschool, 18-month-old Colin happily explores a few toys nearby. When Mom momentarily steps out to use the washroom, Colin becomes upset, but he quickly calms down and smiles upon her return. Colin's behavior is most consistent with a(n):

A) secure attachment
B) insecure-resistant attachment
C) insecure-avoidant attachment
D) disorganized and disoriented attachment

Question 10

From the perspective of Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, children's ability to trust those around them stems from:

A) Early experiences with teachers
B) Experiences with adults during infancy
C) Peer behaviors during the elementary years
D) Friendships formed during the teenage years

Question 11

In Erik Erikson's view, children in the initiative versus guilt stage ideally learn to:

A) Control their bodily functions so they don't feel guilty about having "accidents"
B) Take initiative in feeding and dressing themselves
C) Plan and carry out some of their own activities
D) Persevere at difficult tasks

Question 12

Four-year-old Lena lives with her father, grandmother, and 8-year-old brother. She spends 40 hours a week at a neighbor woman's home while her father and grandmother are at work. All four of these individuals are reasonably kind and attentive to her. Chances are that Lena will:

A) Form an attachment only to the neighbor
B) Form strong attachments to the grandmother and neighbor and weaker ones to the father and brother
C) Form attachments to all three family members and to the neighbor
D) Have difficulty forming a strong attachment to any of these four individuals

Question 13

Children are likely to form secure attachments to teachers when:

A) They don't have secure attachments with their parents
B) Student and teacher are both emotionally invested in the relationship
C) They are approaching adolescence and need additional adult guidance
D) The teacher is female

Question 14

Which one of the following best illustrates Erikson's stage of identity versus role confusion?
A) Arnold is always wishing things were different than they are.

A) Dawn underestimates her ability to learn mathematics.
B) Beth can't keep a steady boyfriend.
C) Craig is trying to decide what career he wants to pursue.

Question 15

Which one of the following best describes attachment in the early years?

A) An enduring emotional bond between an infant and a caregiver
B) A mother's innate tendency to protect her young offspring
C) A predisposition by infants to behave in certain ways and not in others
D) An affectionate relationship between marital partners, thought by ethological theorists to be important for young children's emotional well-being

Question 16

If we consider Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, then which one of the following issues would we expect high school students to be most concerned about?

A) Wanting to form a close and intimate relationship with another human being
B) Trying to decide who they really are and what role they will play in adult society
C) Needing to gain the recognition of parents and teachers through their academic activities and achievements
D) Finding a way to wiggle out of doing difficult tasks

Question 17

Which one of the following scenarios is most consistent with the Strange Situation?

A) A mother and her young child enter a playroom, where the child encounters a variety of new toys and other objects. Some of the objects (e.g., a jack-in-the-box, a picture of a ferocious dinosaur) are intentionally scary and anxiety-arousing.
B) A mother and her young child come to a preschool class for the first time. The child's social behaviors are observed and recorded, with a particular focus on how often the child initiates interactions with unfamiliar peers.
C) A mother and her young child are in a playroom. Soon after, an unknown adult joins them, and then Mom leaves the room for a few minutes. The child's behaviors are observed through a one-way mirror.
D) A baby lies in a specially designed infant seat where he or she sees a variety of visual displays on a screen. By sucking on a plastic nipple, the infant can control which displays appear most frequently.

Question 18

Which one of the following best reflects a child's need for relatedness?

A) As soon as she gets home from school each day, Andrea calls her best friend.
B) Bernie objects when his mother tries to help him with a task, insisting "I can do it myself!"
C) Carrie gets frustrated when she can't tie new ideas in class to things she already knows.
D) As an adopted child, Donovan wonders what his biological parents were like.

Question 19

Matthew willingly allows anyone to hold him or change his diapers, but he seems to be especially happy in the arms of his mother, father, or regular day care provider. Without knowing anything else about Matthew, you might reasonably guess that he is:

A) No more than six weeks old
B) Two to six months old
C) Nine to twelve months old
D) At least fourteen months old

Question 20

Kathleen is 2 years old. She very much wants to do things for herself-dressing herself, brushing her teeth, and so on-in the morning. Most of the time her mother will not let her do such things because she is so slow and clumsy. Today Mom tells Kathleen she can dress herself, but before long Mom is saying: "Kathleen, you've got your pants on backwards again! Can't you ever put your clothes on right? Here, let me do it. You're making me late for work." If Kathleen hears this kind of talk very often, Erikson suggests that Kathleen might be at risk for developing a sense of:

A) mistrust (rather than trust)
B) guilt (rather than initiative)
C) inferiority (rather than industry)
D) shame and doubt (rather than autonomy)

Question 21

Racine is very moody. One day she seems reasonably happy, but the next day she's irritable and on edge. The day after that, she's quite cheerful. Taking developmental differences in affect into account and without knowing anything else about Racine, our best guess would be that Racine is in:

A) preschool
B) first grade
C) third grade
D) seventh grade

Question 22

Which one of the following statements most accurately describes differences among socioeconomic groups in emotional responding?

A) Because their parents typically have high expectations for them, middle-SES children are more prone to emotional difficulties than their lower-SES peers.
B) Lower-SES children have more emotional difficulties than their middle-SES peers because of the greater uncertainty and deprivation in their lives.
C) At least one-third of both lower- and middle-SES children are prone to serious emotional difficulties at one time or another, although the causes of such difficulties differ somewhat depending on the socioeconomic group.
D) Regardless of income level, most families take great pains to shelter children from life's problems, and so socioeconomic differences are rarely observed.

Question 23

Flora is watching Clark open birthday presents. Clark opens the present from Aunt Terri and finds a Barbie doll. Clark smiles at Aunt Terri and thanks her for the gift. Flora knows that Clark really thinks the Barbie is a terrible gift. From this information, you can reasonably conclude that Flora is probably at least:

A) 2 years old
B) 5 years old
C) 9 years old
D) 15 years old

Question 24

Three of the following are accurate statements about cultural differences in children's emotional responding. Which statement is inaccurate?

A) Children in collectivist cultures are less likely to display negative emotions that might disrupt a group's harmony.
B) Children in the United States tend to be more emotionally expressive than children in China.
C) Group differences in emotional expression are largely due to parental socialization practices.
D) Within a culture, emotional expression tends to be consistent; there are few individual differences.

Question 25

Mr. Sanborne wants to promote emotional development in his fifth-grade students. Three of the following strategies should help him in this effort. Which one is least likely to be effective?

A) He should model appropriate ways of dealing with negative feelings.
B) He should encourage his students to write regularly in personal journals.
C) He should encourage his students to ignore their feelings as much as possible.
D) He should engage students in discussions of the emotions of characters portrayed in literature and history.

Question 26

Three of the following are common ways in which toddlers engage in emotional regulation. Which strategy is not common at this age?

A) Mentally blocking out an unpleasant emotion
B) Looking away from an unpleasant situation
C) Crawling away from an aversive stimulus
D) Sucking on one's thumb

Question 27

Which one of the following best describes empathy?

A) Being able to "step into someone else's shoes"
B) Understanding what another person must be thinking
C) Feeling sorry for someone who faces exceptional life challenges
D) Experiencing the same feelings as someone in unfortunate circumstances

Question 28

Which one of the following emotions are young infants least likely to feel?

A) pride
B) interest
C) distress
D) contentment

Question 29

When children appear to have insecure attachments to the important adults in their lives, teachers and other practitioners should:

A) Wait a few months, as such problems often self-correct
B) Seek professional guidance, possibly including a therapeutic intervention
C) Assume that primary caregivers are abusive and contact the proper authorities
D) Remember that many experts have questioned the accuracy of existing measures of attachment

Question 30

Which one of the following most accurately describes the concept of temperament?

A) The ways that children have learned to react to environmental stimuli as a result of their past experiences
B) The extent to which children are either outgoing (extroverted) or withdrawn (introverted)
C) The extent to which children like or dislike themselves
D) A child's way of responding to events and of regulating impulses.

Question 31

Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding gender differences in emotion?

A) On average, male infants are more emotionally volatile than female infants almost from birth.
B) After age 2, girls are more likely to show anger than boys.
C) As early as age 4, more boys than girls show signs of serious depression.
D) In the elementary school years, many boys begin to hide their true feelings.

Question 32

Children's early attachments with caregivers are most likely to:

A) Slowly fade away during adolescence
B) Be secure only if the caregivers are usually hovering close by
C) Help children form ideas about the nature of typical interpersonal relationships
D) Be impediments to children's emotional well-being if they persist into adulthood

Question 33

For the past four afternoons Sheila and Rachel have acted out the same scene with their dolls: The girls put their dolls to bed. The dolls want the light left on. The girls tell the dolls that the light must be turned off at night. The girls then explain at length that the dolls will be safe in bed with the light off. The scene ends with the dolls going to sleep in the "dark" room. Such fantasy play is apt to:

A) Have little effect on the girls' fear of the dark
B) Help the girls constructively work through their own fear of the dark
C) Intensify the girls' own fear of the dark by focusing their attention on it
D) Enable the girls to deny their own fear of the dark by projecting it onto the dolls

Question 34

Gender differences in emotions seem to be:

A) Due partly to biology and partly to socialization
B) Almost entirely the result of hormonal differences in males versus females
C) Almost entirely the result of differences in how boys and girls are socialized
D) Largely the result of biology for boys, but socialization is more influential for girls

Question 35

Recent research indicates that the quality of an infant's early attachment to a primary caregiver:

A) Sets the tone for all subsequent close relationships
B) Acts as a "lens" through which children assess all other relationships
C) Is ultimately less important than the quality of later-forming friendship bonds
D) Is important but does not necessarily dictate the quality of other close relationships

Question 36

At an infant care center, 6-month-old Dexter begins to cry. Hearing Dexter, 7-month-old Kristina starts crying as well. Before long, several other infants add to the chorus. This situation illustrates:

A) emotional contagion
B) emotional regulation
C) the Strange Situation
D) disorganized and disoriented attachment

Question 37

Three of the following strategies should help young children form healthy attachments to a caregiver. Which one is not consistent with recommendations presented in the textbook?

A) When parents divorce, suggest that one parent become the primary nurturer and that the other one act more as an occasional "playmate."
B) Show excitement when children achieve new milestones, such as saying a new word or walking for the first time.
C) Ask parents to speculate about what a child might be thinking or feeling about a new and unusual object or event.
D) Gently but firmly make it clear that certain behaviors are unacceptable and will not be tolerated.

Question 38

You have been observing Emilia and conclude that she has considerable empathy. Which of the following behaviors would lead to such a conclusion?

A) Emilia is playing with Jill. Jill is feeling sad, but Emilia doesn't seem to notice.
B) Emilia notices that Jill is feeling sad. She tries to figure out what is making Jill sad.
C) Emilia notices that Jill is feeling sad. She goes over to talk to Jill, and she begins feeling sad herself.
D) Emilia notices that Jill is feeling sad. This upsets Emilia, so she goes in search of her teddy bear in order to make herself feel better.

Question 39

When Lucianne opens a gift from her Uncle John, she discovers that he has given her his prized toy soldier collection. She smiles and thanks her uncle for the gift. At the same time she is thinking, "Yuck! What will I ever do with this?!" Based on this information, Lucianne must be at least:

A) 4 years old
B) 9 years old
C) 13 years old
D) 17 years old

Question 40

The emotions guilt and shame are different from emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger in that they:

A) Don't appear until the upper elementary grades at the earliest
B) Are seen in boys far more often than in girls
C) Require awareness of society's standards
D) Are seen only in industrialized societies

Question 41

Richard has wild mood swings. For weeks at a time he has no appetite and little energy. But he also has periods in which he's quite happy and energetic, sometimes to the point where his friends find him overwhelming. Such symptoms suggest that Richard has:

A) depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) a conduct disorder
D) an anxiety disorder

Question 42

Three-year-old Julie is shy around other children and fearful of unfamiliar places and events. Julie's parents worry about how inhibited she is and so enroll her in a half-day preschool class that she attends until she begins kindergarten two years later. Based on what research suggests about the stability of temperament, what would you expect of Julie when she reaches adolescence?

A) Julie will be quite outgoing and friendly with peers, and she will eagerly seek out new experiences.
B) Julie will be a little on the shy side but not totally isolated from her peers, and she might be moderately hesitant about new experiences.
C) Julie will be extremely shy in social settings. It may be difficult for her to leave her house, especially on occasions when she does not know exactly what to expect.
D) Julie is likely to have periods of significant depression, especially after puberty.

Question 43

Which one of the following children is most likely to be identified as having an emotional-behavior disorder in need of intervention?

A) Lana, who has no friends and seems to be constantly depressed
B) Rory, who stutters whenever he has to speak in front of his classmates
C) Luke, who gets easily frustrated with mathematical word problems
D) Janeen, who is constantly misinterpreting spoken directions and so is seldom doing what she is supposed to be doing at any given time

Question 44

Three of the following are common signs that a youngster is contemplating suicide. Which one is least likely to be indicative of suicidal thoughts?

A) Gracie has become quite interested in looking and dressing like a popular rock star.
B) Erik has stopped hanging out with his friends and refuses to take their telephone calls.
C) After being seriously depressed for several weeks, Larinda is suddenly quite happy.
D) Oscar is giving away all of his favorite CDs and DVDs.

Question 45

In the elementary and middle school grades, Kendra seems to be a bright, well-adjusted girl. But in tenth grade, her grades plummet, and she has lengthy periods of exceptional sadness and lethargy. Following are four possible explanations of this change in Kendra's behavior. Which one is most consistent with research findings?

A) Chances are 50-50 that Kendra's parents are strict disciplinarians, possibly to the point of being abusive.
B) Serious depression is more common in adolescence than in the elementary school years, and it is sometimes the result of a chemical imbalance.
C) The negative effects of insecure attachments to primary caregivers in the early years often don't surface until adolescence or early adulthood.
D) It is highly likely that Kendra has been experimenting with drugs; more than 80% of seriously depressed adolescents are regular abusers of hallucinogens and other illegal substances.

Question 46

Mr. Jones is concerned about one of his students, Todd, who has recently been identified as having a conduct disorder. Which one of the following is a good strategy for Mr. Jones to use with Todd?

A) Mr. Jones avoids talking to Todd about his problems. That's what the school psychologist is for, and besides, Todd might become too reliant on Mr. Jones for help.
B) Because Todd exhibits defiant behavior, Mr. Jones takes every opportunity to exert his own authority in the classroom. It's the only way he can keep control of the situation and not lose face with the other students.
C) Mr. Jones sets limits on Todd's behavior. "Under no circumstances will either physical or verbal aggression be acceptable in my classroom," he tells Todd.
D) Mr. Jones encourages his other students to avoid interacting with Todd in order to reduce the number of fights Todd gets into in the classroom.

Question 47

Brenda's teachers describe her as extremely conscientious. Brenda worries about her schoolwork being complete, accurate, and neatly prepared. Brenda also worries incessantly about her appearance, often stopping in the restroom to make sure that every hair is in place. When you ask Brenda about her friends, she confides that she thinks that many of them don't like her. And when she's not preoccupied about academic or social matters, Brenda worries about the murderers and terrorists who might be lurking around every corner. Such symptoms are most consistent with:

A) depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) a conduct disorder
D) an anxiety disorder

Question 48

Ruth loves to undertake projects and always sees them through to completion. She is well organized and responsible, which makes her a desirable teammate for small-group work. Within the context of the five dimensions of personality listed in the textbook, you would be most likely to rate Ruth high on:

A) neuroticism
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) conscientiousness

Question 49

David loves to interact with other students, and he readily asserts his opinions in class. Within the context of the five dimensions of personality listed in the textbook, you would be most likely to rate David high on:

A) neuroticism
B) extraversion
C) agreeableness
D) conscientiousness

Question 50

Melissa is a happy-go-lucky 15-year-old who loves a good party. When her parents aren't home, she and her friends sometimes raid the family liquor cabinet, and she has experimented with marijuana a few times. If we were to consider three key dimensions of temperament described in the textbook-extraversion/surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control-we would rate Melissa high on:

A) extraversion/surgency
B) negative affectivity
C) effortful control
D) both extraversion/surgency and effortful control

Question 51

Letitia is a quiet, thoughtful young woman who has several close friends. She enjoys their company on occasion, but she is often just as happy curled up by herself in a comfortable chair reading and writing poetry. If we were to consider three key dimensions of temperament described in the textbook-extraversion/surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control-we would rate Letitia high on:

A) extraversion/surgency
B) negative affectivity
C) effortful control
D) both negative affectivity and effortful control

Question 52

Three of the following teachers are using strategies that are likely to be effective with students who have emotional-behavioral problems. Which teacher is not using an effective strategy?

A) Mr. Green privately praises students for such appropriate behaviors as smiling, speaking pleasantly, and cooperating.
B) Ms. Walsenburg allows students to be verbally aggressive with classmates as long as they don't become physically aggressive.
C) Ms. DuBois asks Harry, "Do you want to talk about it?" when he seems especially upset.
D) Mr. Moreno makes it clear that getting up and leaving the classroom without permission is unacceptable behavior.

Question 53

Most developmental psychologists believe that temperament:

A) Has a strong biological basis and is resistant to socialization efforts
B) Is largely a product of the socialization efforts of parents and other adults
C) Involves certain genetic dispositions, which are moderately open to socialization
D) Arises from the complex interaction of the genetic inheritance of the two parents

Question 54

Edward is a timid 8-year-old who is shy around his peers. He gets easily frustrated with challenging school assignments and would much prefer to do simple tasks that he can accomplish quickly. If we were to consider three key dimensions of temperament described in the textbook-extraversion/surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control-we would rate Edward high on:

A) extraversion/surgency
B) negative affectivity
C) effortful control
D) both extraversion/surgency and effortful control

Question 55

Mr. King runs a tight ship in his middle school math classes. At the beginning of each class, he gives a ten-minute explanation of a new concept or procedure, and then he hands out worksheets that students complete independently at their desks. Which one of the following students has a temperament that is probably the best match with Mr. King's classroom?

A) Grant loves risk and adventure.
B) Donna is cheerful and outgoing.
C) Fiona is always full of energy.
D) Jayson is quiet and diligent.

Question 56

Roger's classmates think of him as a bully. He frequently assaults other boys and is even mean to neighborhood pets. Roger brags about stealing cars from local dealerships to go joy-riding in the middle of the night. He is already known to the local authorities for truancy and vandalism. These behaviors suggest that Roger may have:

A) depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) a conduct disorder
D) an anxiety disorder

Question 57

Imagine you are a teacher. You are currently attending a meeting that was convened to discuss Martin, a student in your sixth-grade class whose behavior has been quite disruptive. A psychologist who has recently conducted an in-depth psychological evaluation says that Martin has an emotional-behavioral disorder. From this information you should conclude that:

A) Martin's behavior problems are probably the result of a brain injury or abnormal body chemistry.
B) Martin's parents or other primary caregivers have been largely to blame for his behavior problems.
C) Previous teachers have been inconsistent in how they've treated Martin; some may have been too strict, whereas others have been quite lenient.
D) The source of Martin's behavior problems may be either biological or environmental.

Question 58

Avi often feels anxious at school. He lacks confidence for approaching academic tasks and often expresses self-pity. Within the context of the five dimensions of personality listed in the textbook, you would be most likely to rate Avi high on:

A) neuroticism
B) openness
C) extraversion
D) conscientiousness

Question 59

Which one of the following pairs of children best illustrates a difference in temperament?

A) Ann enjoys dancing; Alice prefers basketball.
B) Bob likes to spend his time reading science fiction novels; Bill would rather read detective mysteries.
C) Carol is very sociable and outgoing; Chris is more quiet and reserved around peers.
D) Dan likes to think about abstract ideas; David learns more effectively when he can manipulate concrete objects.

Question 60

Which behavior is most likely to indicate that an adolescent has an emotional or behavioral disorder?

A) Betty's mind is often on her boyfriend rather than on classroom discussions.
B) Eliza sometimes forgets to do her homework assignments, even though she really likes her teacher and wants to please him.
C) Harrison is often more interested in talking and joking with his friends than in paying attention to his teacher.
D) Jeff is usually somber and uncommunicative; the only time he interacts with his peers is to hit or yell at them.

Question 61

Specify a specific age or grade level at which you might teach or provide child care. Identify the psychosocial stage that, from Erik Erikson's perspective, youngsters are apt to be in. Discuss the implication of this stage for your own teaching practice, illustrating your discussion with a concrete example of what you might do.

Question 62

Adara is in your sixth-grade class. She is friendly and generous with the other children. She rarely gets into arguments, and when she does, she is able to work things out and maintain her friendships. What sort of attachment bond do you think Adara had, and probably continues to have, with her primary caregiver(s)? Justify your answer.

Question 63

Two months after breaking up with her long-time boyfriend, 16-year-old Mary is still quite despondent. You wonder if she might be thinking about suicide. In four short paragraphs, describe four different warning signs you might look for in Mary's behavior.
Developmental Trends Table
The table below describes the behaviors of children and adolescents at five different age levels. For each of these behaviors, the table identifies one or more relevant social-emotional qualities, offers an implication for working with children of that age group, or both. Apply what you've learned about emotional development to fill in the empty cells in the table.
Nurturing Youngsters' Emotional Development

Question 64

When parents are divorced, which of the following is recommended to help their child maintain a secure attachment?

A) Communicate primarily through one parent only.
B) Send communication from the school with duplicate copies to both homes.
C) Ask the child which parent should receive communication from the school.
D) Alternate sending communication on a monthly basis to each parent.

Question 65

Three of the following are recommended ways to foster attachment. Which one is not a recommendation according to attachment literature?

A) Promote emotional bonds only in infancy.
B) Give children time to get used to you.
C) Encourage multiple attachments.
D) Be very sensitive to children who show attachment problems.