Deck 26: Reproduction and Development

Question 1

Select thcorrect sequencof animal developmental events.

A)fertilization >>> cleavage >>> organ formation >>> growth of tissues
B)fertilization >>> cleavage >>> gastrula >>> organ formation
C)fertilization >>> gastrula >>> cleavage >>> organ formation
D)fertilization >>> organ formation >>> gastrula >>> cleavage
E)fertilization >>> organ formation >>> cleavage >>> gastrula

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Fraternal twins armorcommon among women of
A)African descent.

A)Caucasian descent.
B)Asian descent.
C)Native American descent.
D)Middle Eastern descent.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Although thgenetic contributions of egg anspernuclei arequal, thegg contributes morthan thsperto cell differentiation becausof its

A)larger size.
B)cytoplasmic determinants.
C)proteins.
D)cytoplasmic determinants and proteins only.
E)cytoplasmic materials, enzymes, mRNA transcripts, and larger size.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Thgerlayers arformein which of thfollowing stages?

A)cleavage
B)meiosis
C)gastrula
D)zygote
E)blastula

Question 5

Thheart, muscles, bones, anbloodevelop from

A)ectoderm.
B)mesoderm.
C)endoderm.
D)the placenta.
E)other germ layers.

Question 6

Which of thfollowing is correct regarding thrisks of a pregnancy with morthan onembryo?

A)increased risk of miscarriage
B)increased risk of premature birth
C)increased risk of stillbirth
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 7

Which embryonic tissuis INCORRECTLY associatewith its derivative?

A)skin from mesoderm
B)nervous system from ectoderm
C)liver from endoderm
D)circulatory system from mesoderm
E)muscles from mesoderm

Question 8

Thprocess of cleavagmost commonly produces a

A)zygote.
B)blastula.
C)gastrula.
D)zygote.
E)layer of mesoderm.

Question 9

Muscles differentiatfrowhich tissue?

A)ectoderm
B)endoderm
C)mesoderm
D)gastroderm
E)all of these

Question 10

Gastrulation produces

A)hollow balls of cells.
B)embryos with germ layers.
C)solid balls of cells.
D)maternal messages.
E)all of these.

Question 11

After fertilization, which stagin reproduction andevelopment occurs first?

A)cleavage
B)gamete formation
C)gastrula
D)zygote
E)blastula

Question 12

In thfollowing list of developmental events, which occurs last?

A)growth and tissue specialization
B)gamete formation
C)gastrulation
D)cleavage
E)organ formation

Question 13

Shortly after fertilization, successivcell divisions convert thzygotinto a multicellular embryo during a process known as

A)meiosis.
B)parthenogenesis.
C)gastrulation.
D)cleavage.
E)blastulation.

Question 14

Which of thfollowing is NOT truof asexual reproduction?

A)It is more suitable for reproduction in animals in stable environments.
B)Fragmentation is one type of asexual reproduction.
C)It promotes genetic variation in each successive generation.
D)Budding is one type of asexual reproduction.
E)The offspring are genetically identical to the parents.

Question 15

Which of thfollowing statements is NOT an advantagof asexual reproduction?

A)Asexual reproduction is more efficient than sexual reproduction.
B)An individual organism can reproduce asexually by itself.
C)Asexual reproduction promotes variation.
D)Asexual reproduction produces fewer offspring than sexual reproduction.
E)Asexual reproduction does not require searching for a reproductive partner.

Question 16

If an experimenter interferes with thmesoderin an egg, which of thfollowing systems woulNOT baffecteby thexperimenter?

A)circulatory system
B)muscular system
C)reproductive system
D)body covering (skin) system
E)excretory system

Question 17

In thhuman, which of thfollowing events wouloccur over thlongest perioof time?

A)sperm production
B)cleavage
C)fertilization
D)gastrulation
E)growth and tissue specialization

Question 18

Which of thfollowing hormones increases thlikelihooof fraternal twins another multiplbirths?

A)estrogen
B)progesterone
C)LH
D)FSH
E)a combination of LH and FSH

Question 19

Which of thfollowing is referreto as a ball of cells?

A)cleavage
B)egg
C)gastrula
D)zygote
E)blastula

Question 20

Thmesoderis responsiblfor thformation of all EXCEPT which of thfollowing adult tissues?

A)reproductive system
B)circulatory system
C)nervous system
D)muscle system
E)excretory system

Question 21

Which of thfollowing statements about thprostatis FALSE?

A)Prostate enlargement can be a symptom of prostate cancer.
B)Prostate cancer is the leading cause of death in males.
C)In young men, the prostate gland is the size of a walnut.
D)The urethra runs through the prostate gland.
E)The prostate gland is directly below the urinary bladder.

Question 22

Sperus__________ for their energy source.

A)fructose
B)glucose
C)ions
D)semen
E)prostate gland secretions

Question 23

Which of thfollowing cells ardiploid?

A)sperm
B)primary spermatocytes
C)secondary spermatocytes
D)male germ cells
E)both primary spermatocytes and male germ cells

Question 24

Which of thfollowing is thsitwhersperarstored?

A)ureter
B)urethra
C)vas deferens
D)vas efferens
E)epididymis

Question 25

Thmajor differencbetween thmalanfemalreproductivsystems is

A)the provision of a site for fertilization and development in the female.
B)the production of haploid gametes by the male only.
C)the generation of millions of eggs but only thousands of sperm each month.
D)the number of gamete-producing organs.
E)all of these.

Question 26

Sperformation requires about ________days.

A)16
B)32
C)48
D)72
E)100

Question 27

Which cells arproduceduring meiosis I?

A)spermatogonia
B)primary spermatocytes
C)secondary spermatocytes
D)spermatids
E)sperm

Question 28

Insidof thpenis therar__________ cylinders of spongy tissue.

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
E)none of these

Question 29

Seminal fluiis produceby

A)the prostate gland.
B)the seminal vesicle.
C)the bulbourethral gland.
D)the urinary bladder.
E)all except the urinary bladder.

Question 30

Which of thfollowing is thlast structurthat a spertravels through as it leaves thbody?

A)bulbourethral glands
B)urethra
C)vas deferens
D)vas efferens
E)epididymis

Question 31

Thsecretion of testosteronrequires

A)LH.
B)GnRH.
C)Sertoli cells.
D)FSH.
E)LH, GnRH, and Sertoli cells.

Question 32

During which of thfollowing stages do cell lineages of identical genetic makeup becomstructurally anfunctionally different froonanother according to thgenetically controlledevelopmental prograof thspecies?

A)cleavage
B)differentiation
C)blastula formation
D)metamorphosis
E)ovulation

Question 33

During ejaculation sperpass frothepididymis into the

A)vas deferens.
B)bulbourethral gland.
C)prostate.
D)scrotum.
E)urethra.

Question 34

Which of thfollowing statements about thtestes is FALSE?

A)The testes produce testosterone.
B)The testes produce sperm.
C)Semen is stored in the testes.
D)An epididymis is coiled on each testis.
E)The testes are located in the scrotum.

Question 35

Which of thfollowing statements about speris FALSE?

A)Sperm are haploid.
B)Sperm have a cap with enzymes.
C)The midpiece of the sperm contains mitochondria.
D)Sperm have a whiplike tail called a flagellum.
E)Sperm formation requires a full 30 days.

Question 36

Thyolk, which is in many animal eggs, is composeof

A)a mixture of individual amino acids and nucleic acids.
B)a mixture of proteins and lipids.
C)a mixture of proteins and carbohydrates.
D)a mixture of nucleic acids and proteins.
E)a mixture of lipids and nucleic acids.

Question 37

In thprocess of differentiation,

A)some daughter cells usually receive varying assortments of genes.
B)cells with identical assortments of genes come to have different individual genes expressed.
C)cells become specialized as a result of meiosis.
D)daughter cells acquire different characteristics as a result of mutations that have occurred.
E)all of these occur.

Question 38

Which of thfollowing is NOT a part of thmalreproductivsystem?

A)urinary bladder
B)urethra
C)vas deferens
D)vas efferens
E)epididymis

Question 39

Sertoli cells

A)start sperm production.
B)provide a "cap" for each sperm.
C)secrete testosterone.
D)support and nourish maturing sperm.
E)become primary spermatocytes.

Question 40

In thhuman male, sperarproducein the

A)bulbourethral glands.
B)prostate.
C)seminiferous tubules of the testes.
D)vas deferens.
E)epididymis.

Question 41

Thpassageway that channels ova frothovary into thuterus is known as

A)a vagina.
B)a uterus.
C)an oviduct.
D)the corpus luteum.
E)all of these.

Question 42

Fertilization in humans occurs in the

A)ovary.
B)uterus.
C)vagina.
D)oviduct.
E)follicle.

Question 43

An ovary is about thsizof

A)a golf ball.
B)a walnut.
C)an orange.
D)a pear.
E)an almond.

Question 44

Which of thfollowing armalsecondary sexual characteristics?

A)growth of hair on face, armpits, and pubic area
B)thickened vocal cords
C)altered distribution of fat and muscle
D)all of these
E)none of these

Question 45

Ovulation is triggereby a surgin thlevel of __________ in thcirculatory system.

A)estrogen
B)a follicle-stimulating hormone
C)a luteinizing hormone
D)progesterone
E)prostaglandin

Question 46

Orgasis necessary in males for

A)ejaculation of semen.
B)pregnancy.
C)erection.
D)sexual arousal.
E)all of these.

Question 47

Menstrual flow results in thdischargof

A)the follicle.
B)the corpus luteum.
C)the lining of the uterus.
D)surface cells from the vagina.
E)blood from the blood vessels on the outer surface of the uterus.

Question 48

Thmyometriuis

A)the lining of the uterus.
B)the lining of the vagina.
C)the tissue that covers an ovary.
D)smooth muscle in the wall of the uterus.
E)the lining of the oviducts.

Question 49

Thfemalorgan of intercoursis

A)the uterus.
B)an ovary.
C)the oviduct.
D)the vagina.
E)the endometrium.

Question 50

Th__________ is onof a pair of ciliatechannels through which oocytes arconducted.

A)ovary
B)uterus
C)vagina
D)oviduct
E)follicle

Question 51

Thcervix is part of the

A)vulva.
B)ovary.
C)uterus.
D)oviduct.
E)vagina.

Question 52

Ovulation is triggereprimarily by

A)a surge of LH that occurs halfway through the menstrual cycle.
B)the falling levels of estrogen and progesterone.
C)the rising levels of progesterone.
D)both a surge of LH that occurs halfway through the menstrual cycle and the rising levels of progesterone.
E)adrenalin.

Question 53

Thfemalreproductivsysteincludes all EXCEPT which of thfollowing?

A)clitoris
B)vagina
C)oviduct
D)ovary
E)mammary gland

Question 54

Thcessation of regular menstrual cycles duto agis called

A)menopause.
B)the luteal phase.
C)the follicular phase.
D)PMS.
E)menstruation.

Question 55

Threproductivorgan in thhuman femalthat is responsiblfor egg production is the

A)uterus.
B)ovary.
C)vagina.
D)clitoris.
E)oviduct.

Question 56

Thfirst day of thmenstrual cyclis markeby

A)the beginning of ovulation.
B)the onset of PMS.
C)the beginning of menstruation.
D)an increase in the thickness of the uterine lining.
E)the beginning of the luteal phase.

Question 57

Ovulation is triggereby

A)high levels of LH.
B)low levels of LH.
C)low levels of estrogen.
D)high levels of estrogen.
E)high levels of progesterone.

Question 58

Thaveragnumber of sperthat enter thvagina during an ejaculation is between

A)150,000 and 350,000.
B)1.5 and 3.5 million.
C)15 and 35 million.
D)150 and 350 million.
E)1.5 and 3.5 billion.

Question 59

FSH anLH arsecreteby the

A)hypothalamus.
B)ovaries.
C)anterior pituitary.
D)testes.
E)uterus.

Question 60

Which of thfollowing is NOT requirein threproductivprocess?

A)ovary
B)oviduct
C)clitoris
D)vagina
E)uterus

Question 61

Thtypof contraception that functions by preventing implantation (even after successful fertilization) is

A)tubal ligation.
B)spermicidal jelly.
C)birth control pills.
D)morning after pills.
E)diaphragm.

Question 62

Thtypof contraception that works becausovulation is preventeis

A)rhythm.
B)tubal ligation.
C)birth control pills.
D)diaphragm.
E)condom.

Question 63

This STinitially forms a painless chancrbut later can causmental deterioration.

A)gonorrhea
B)AIDS
C)trichomoniasis
D)syphilis
E)HPV

Question 64

Women in their thirties who havin vitro fertilization hava __________ chance(s) of a successful birth.

A)zero
B)one fourth
C)one third
D)one half
E)chance, but not one of these

Question 65

For males to havintercourse

A)semen must be produced.
B)sperm must be motile.
C)an erection is required.
D)the prostate cannot be enlarged.
E)the vas deferens need to be filled with sperm.

Question 66

Which of thfollowing is NOT a temporary methoof contraception?

A)birth control pills
B)vasectomy
C)condoms
D)IUD plus spermicide
E)spermicidal jelly or foam

Question 67

This STcan bspreaby infecteblood.

A)syphilis
B)HIV
C)chlamydia
D)herpes
E)warts

Question 68

Of thfollowing, which is thleast successful methoof birth control?

A)early withdrawal
B)a condom alone
C)a spermicidal jelly or foam alone
D)douching
E)the Pill

Question 69

Which of thfollowing STDs is causeby a protozoan?

A)genital herpes
B)HPV
C)chlamydia
D)gonorrhea
E)trichomoniasis

Question 70

Which of thfollowing is NOT truof STDs?

A)can cause PID
B)some are viral
C)none can be cured
D)number of cases increasing
E)can be passed to newborn

Question 71

RU 486 can busealong with a prostaglandin to inducan abortion up to th__________week of a pregnancy.

A)second
B)third
C)fifth
D)seventh
E)ninth

Question 72

Of all thmethods of contraception, how many choices aravailablto males?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
E)five

Question 73

Which of thfollowing STDs has infectehumans thlargest number of humans?

A)genital herpes
B)HPV
C)chlamydia
D)gonorrhea
E)HIV

Question 74

A contraceptivpill contains

A)synthetic estrogen.
B)synthetic progesterone.
C)the follicle-stimulating hormone.
D)the luteinizing hormone.
E)both synthetic estrogen and synthetic progesterone.

Question 75

Thestimatof thnumber of fertilizeeggs that arspontaneously aborteis

A)0%.
B)10%.
C)25%.
D)50%.
E)75%.

Question 76

During a human pregnancy, implantation occurs at which stage?

A)zygote
B)early cleavage
C)blastocyst
D)gastrula
E)embryo

Question 77

If thvas deferens tubes arcut antie(vasectomy), thsemen will not contain

A)fructose.
B)buffers.
C)mucus.
D)sperm.
E)any of these.

Question 78

Which of thfollowing is thmost effectivcontraceptivapproach of thoslisted?

A)withdrawal
B)diaphragm
C)condoms alone
D)douching
E)rhythm method

Question 79

Which of thfollowing STDs can causPIin females?

A)genital herpes
B)HPV
C)chlamydia
D)HIV
E)trichomoniasis

Question 80

Thembryo is recognizablas human anis callea fetus by which week of pregnancy?

A)eighth
B)twelfth
C)sixteenth
D)twentieth
E)twenty-fourth