Deck 10: The Nervous System

Question 1

The outermost covering of a nerve is called the

A) epineurium
B) endoneurium
C) perineurium
D) fascicles

Answer 1

epineurium

Question 2

Axons

A) are usually highly branched
B) carry nerve impulses toward the cell body
C) carry nerve impulses away from the cell body
D) both A and B

Answer 2

carry nerve impulses away from the cell body

Question 3

Sensory neurons are also called

A) interneurons
B) efferent neurons
C) afferent neurons
D) glia cells

Answer 3

afferent neurons

Question 4

Which of the following statements is not true of nervous system tumors?

A) Most tumors develop from neurons.
B) Neuroma is a general name for a nervous system tumor.
C) Multiple neurofibromatosis is an example of a nervous system tumor.
D) Most tumors in the nervous system result from the metastasis of other types of tumors.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a function of the thalamus?

A) controls appetite
B) relays impulses to the cerebral cortex from sense organs
C) associates sensations with emotions
D) plays a part in the so-called arousal or alerting mechanism

Question 6

Which type of glia cell produces myelin for cells in the brain?

A) microglia
B) oligodendrocytes
C) astrocytes
D) neurolemma

Question 7

Motor neurons are also called

A) interneurons
B) efferent neurons
C) afferent neurons
D) glia cells

Question 8

The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the _____ nervous system.

A) central
B) sympathetic
C) peripheral
D) parasympathetic

Question 9

Which type of glia cell turns into a microbe-eating cell in inflamed brain tissue?

A) microglia
B) oligodendrocyte
C) astroglia
D) neurolemma

Question 10

Another name for connecting neurons is

A) interneurons
B) efferent neurons
C) motor neurons
D) afferent neurons

Question 11

Which of the following structures is not part of a synapse?

A) synaptic knob
B) synaptic cleft
C) neurotransmitter
D) plasma membrane of the postsynaptic cell

Question 12

Dendrites

A) are usually highly branched
B) carry impulses away from the cell body
C) are usually surrounded by myelin
D) all of the above

Question 13

The vital centers are located in the

A) medulla oblongata
B) pons
C) spinal cord
D) midbrain

Question 14

The most simple nervous system pathway

A) is a single neuron pathway
B) is a two-neuron pathway
C) is a three-neuron pathway
D) contains at least one interneuron

Question 15

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

A) produces antidiuretic hormone
B) helps regulate body temperature
C) plays a part in the so-called arousal or alerting mechanism
D) helps regulate water balance

Question 16

Which of the following statements is not true of multiple sclerosis?

A) It is considered a myelin disorder.
B) Oligodendrocyte injury or death occurs.
C) The disease is most common in women between the ages of 20 and 40.
D) It is usually the result of a neuroma.

Question 17

The eye is considered part of the _____ nervous system.

A) central
B) peripheral
C) autonomic
D) sympathetic

Question 18

Saltatory conduction

A) is called "saltatory" because it is caused by sodium chloride
B) is much slower than nonsaltatory conduction
C) occurs only in the dendrites
D) occurs only in the axons

Question 19

During a nerve impulse

A) the interior of the neuron becomes more negative
B) sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron
C) sodium ions are allowed into the neuron
D) the entire neuron becomes positively charged

Question 20

Which of the following neurotransmitters is not considered a catecholamine?

A) norepinephrine
B) acetylcholine
C) dopamine
D) serotonin

Question 21

The indentations between Schwann cells are called

A) neurolemmas
B) myelin
C) the nodes of Ranvier
D) glias

Question 22

Somatic motor neurons

A) connect the spinal cord to the effector organ with only one neuron
B) produce epinephrine as their neurotransmitter
C) synapse at the collateral ganglion
D) both A and B

Question 23

Parkinson disease is a nervous disorder resulting from a deficiency of which neurotransmitter?

A) acetylcholine
B) enkephalin
C) serotonin
D) dopamine

Question 24

A reflex arc may not have which of the following?

A) a sensory neuron
B) an interneuron
C) a motor neuron
D) All reflex arcs must have all of the above.

Question 25

Which of the following is not part of the peripheral nervous system?

A) cranial nerves
B) spinal nerves
C) the autonomic nervous system
D) All of the above are part of the peripheral nervous system.

Question 26

The perineurium is

A) a tough,fibrous sheath covering the whole nerve
B) another name for a fascicle
C) a thin wrapping of fibrous tissue around each axon
D) a thin fibrous tissue surrounding a group of axons

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of a morphinelike neurotransmitter?

A) enkephalin
B) acetylcholine
C) dopamine
D) serotonin

Question 28

Which of the following neurons is classified as a cholinergic fiber?

A) parasympathetic preganglionic neuron
B) sympathetic preganglionic neuron
C) sympathetic postganglionic neuron
D) both A and B

Question 29

The outermost layer of the meninges is the

A) pia mater
B) choroid plexus
C) arachnoid mater
D) dura mater

Question 30

The outer membrane of a Schwann cell is called the

A) neurolemma
B) myelin
C) node of Ranvier
D) glia

Question 31

Another name for tic douloureux is

A) sciatica
B) shingles
C) Bell palsy
D) trigeminal neuralgia

Question 32

Which of the following statements is not true of the cerebellum?

A) It is the second largest part of the brain.
B) It lies under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum.
C) It is responsible for muscle coordination.
D) It helps regulate water balance and sleep cycles.

Question 33

Cerebrospinal fluid is found between the

A) skull and the dura mater
B) dura mater and the arachnoid mater
C) arachnoid mater and the pia mater
D) pia mater and the brain

Question 34

The somatic nervous system carries impulses from the brain and spinal cord to

A) cardiac muscle tissue
B) skeletal muscles
C) smooth muscles
D) all of the above

Question 35

A nerve is

A) also called a tract
B) a group of peripheral axons
C) considered gray matter
D) both A and C

Question 36

Which of the following neurons is classified as an adrenergic fiber?

A) parasympathetic preganglionic neuron
B) sympathetic preganglionic neuron
C) sympathetic postganglionic neuron
D) both A and B

Question 37

If a person never had chickenpox,it is less likely that he or she will ever have

A) sciatica
B) shingles
C) Bell palsy
D) trigeminal neuralgia

Question 38

The endocrine system and the nervous system both help regulate body function.

Question 39

Which of the following is not considered part of the brainstem?

A) medulla oblongata
B) cerebellum
C) pons
D) midbrain

Question 40

Which of the following statements is not true of the spinal cord?

A) It is the primary reflex center.
B) It contains both gray and white matter.
C) It extends from the occipital bone to the third sacral vertebra.
D) It transmits impulses to and from the brain.

Question 41

Nerves are composed mostly of dendrites.

Question 42

The cause of multiple neurofibromatosis is an autoimmune response or a viral infection.

Question 43

The "star cells" produce myelin for axons of the central nervous system.

Question 44

The axon of a sensory neuron usually transmits an impulse to an interneuron.

Question 45

The knee-jerk reflex goes from receptor neuron to interneuron to effector neuron.

Question 46

Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes share a common function.

Question 47

The axon of a motor neuron usually transmits an impulse to a muscle.

Question 48

An inflammation of the brain tissue increases the activity of microglia.

Question 49

The autonomic nervous system is considered a subdivision of the central nervous system.

Question 50

The effector organ of the knee-jerk reflex is the muscle that extends the knee.

Question 51

Multiple sclerosis is a disease resulting from disorders in the functioning of oligodendrocytes.

Question 52

The difference between a two- and a three-neuron reflex is that a three-neuron reflex contains an interneuron.

Question 53

Gray matter is gray because it doesn't have myelin.

Question 54

Because gliomas are usually benign tumors,they are never life threatening.

Question 55

The dendrite of a motor neuron receives impulses from an interneuron.

Question 56

Myelin surrounds the dendrites of both afferent and efferent neurons.

Question 57

Nodes of Ranvier are found only on dendrites.

Question 58

The dendrite of a sensory neuron receives impulses from an interneuron.

Question 59

The endoneurium is deep to the perineurium,which is deep to the epineurium.

Question 60

Each axon in a nerve is surrounded by a thin sheet of fibrous connective tissue called the perineurium.

Question 61

The interior of a neuron that is carrying a nerve impulse has more sodium ions in it than the interior of a neuron that isn't carrying a nerve impulse.

Question 62

The medulla oblongata,the pons,and the midbrain make up the brainstem.

Question 63

Viagra can be considered a man-made nitric oxide.

Question 64

The function of most neurotransmitters is to cause the interior of the neuron to become more positively charged.

Question 65

The synaptic knob is the small space separating the pre- and postsynaptic neurons.

Question 66

Serotonin and dopamine are morphinelike neurotransmitters that lessen the sensation of pain.

Question 67

Only myelinated axons have saltatory conduction.

Question 68

The vital centers of the brainstem are located in the midbrain.

Question 69

Dopamine and levodopa are equally effective in treating Parkinson disease because they are both able to enter the brain.

Question 70

Because of its function,the hypothalamus could also be considered part of the endocrine system.

Question 71

Ridges on the surface of the cerebrum are called sulci.

Question 72

Parkinson disease is treated by trying to get more dopamine into the brain.

Question 73

Norepinephrine and acetylcholine both belong to a group of compounds called catecholamines.

Question 74

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that attach to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.

Question 75

All interneurons are entirely within the gray matter.

Question 76

The basal ganglia in the brain is an island of white matter found in the gray matter in the brain.

Question 77

The resting neuron has a more positive charge inside than outside.

Question 78

Fissures are deep sulci.

Question 79

Neurotransmitters are inactivated by being broken down by enzymes or reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron.

Question 80

Parkinson disease can be considered a neurotransmitter deficiency disease.