Deck 4: The Art of Seeing

Question 1

The Gestalt principles of perception include

A) Grouping by similarity, good continuation, and proximity
B) Grouping by similarity, good exposure, and shared features
C) Grouping by shared features, receptive fields, and visual field
D) Grouping by color, location, and size

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Briefly describe how visual information is processed differently in the dorsal vs. the ventral processing streams. Why are these differences proposed to occur? What differing aspects of visual information processing do they subserve?

Answer 2

The ventral or 'what' visual stream is important for processing information about the color, shape, and identity of a visual object - the features that allow us to decode what the object is. These aspects of the visual object are stable - that is they do not change depending on their location, orientation, or position in the room, etc. The ventral processing stream extends from the occipital lobe visual areas anterior to the temporal lobe. The dorsal or 'where' visual stream is important for processing information about the location of visual objects so that the visual system can guide actions towards those objects - such as the location, orientation, and exact position of a coffee cup on a table. This type of information is not stable - but changes each time the coffee cup has been repositioned. The dorsal processing stream extends from the occipital lobe visual areas anterior to the parietal lobe.

Question 3

How does the visual system differ from a camera?

A) A picture from a camera does not encompass the entire visual field
B) Visual perception is only in full color and high resolution at the center of gaze
C) Visual perception does not fill in missing details
D) The visual system does not work differently than the picture captured by a camera

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is not true about the retina?

A) Cones can be found in the fovea but not the periphery of the retina
B) Rods can be found in the periphery but not the fovea
C) Four different types of photopigments can be found in the photoreceptors of the eye
D) No photoreceptors are located where the optic nerve meets the eyeball

Question 5

The central part of the retina that we "aim" directly at objects to perceive their fine details is called

A) Optic sight
B) Pupil
C) Fovea
D) Visual array

Question 6

When two very different visual stimuli are presented simultaneously to the two eyes, the perceptual phenomenon is called

A) Visual object agnosia
B) Binocular rivalry
C) Blindsight
D) Associative agnosia

Question 7

Why is there no gap in our vision where our blind spot is located?

A) The visual system fills in missing information based on the surround
B) There are still a few photoreceptors at the blind spot
C) The blind spot occurs far in the periphery, to which we normally do not pay attention
D) There is a small visual gap, but it is present from birth, and we have learned to ignore it

Question 8

What does the 'gorilla in our midst' experiment tell us about human vision?

Question 9

Information from the ________will go to the primary visual cortex in the right hemisphere.

A) Right eye
B) Left eye
C) Right visual field
D) Left visual field

Question 10

The fusiform face area FFA) and the parahippocampal place area PPA) differ in that

A) The FFA is tuned to fine-grained details while the PPA is sensitive to coarse-grained aspects of visual stimuli
B) The FFA responds more to faces while the PPA responds more to places
C) The FFA is in the inferior temporal lobe while the PPA is in the superior parietal lobe
D) The FFA is in the ventral processing stream while the PPA is in the dorsal stream

Question 11

The ________ visual stream in the cortex is thought to represent 'what' information, while the _______ visual stream represents 'where' information.

A) Dorsal, ventral
B) Ventral, dorsal,
C) Medial, lateral
D) Striate, extrastriate

Question 12

How do the receptive fields in extrastriate non-primary) visual cortex compare to the primary visual area V1?

A) They have smaller receptive fields that are sensitive to more complex features
B) They have larger receptive fields that are sensitive to more complex features
C) They have smaller receptive fields that are sensitive to simpler features
D) They have larger receptive fields that are sensitive to simpler features