Deck 13: Understanding Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining

Question 1

Union membership in the United States reached its highest in the 1980s.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Labor contract provisions designed to attract and retain dues-paying members.

Answer 2

h

Question 3

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
A complaint-resolving process contained in union contracts.

Answer 3

n

Question 4

The Taft-Hartley Act is also referred to as the National Labor Relations Act.

Question 5

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
A union security arrangement whereby employees must pay union dues to the certified bargaining unit even if they choose not to join the union.

Question 6

If a union drive is going on in an organization, management should routinely and secretly observe and note who is distributing pro-union literature.

Question 7

Interestingly, transportation is the least unionized private sector of the U.S.workforce.

Question 8

Maintenance of membership means that employers withhold union dues from an employee's paycheck.

Question 9

If a majority of workers sign authorization cards, the NLRB certifies a bargaining unit.

Question 10

The U.S.has one of the highest percentages of union membership of industrialized nations.

Question 11

Under the terms of a union contract, wildcat strikes are legal and a legitimate way to enforce management compliance with a labor agreement.

Question 12

The Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959 was passed to address the public outcry over the misuse of union funds and corruption in the labor movement.

Question 13

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Employer withholding of union dues from union members' paychecks.

Question 14

The most desirable form of union security from a union perspective is the open shop.

Question 15

When labor union contract negotiations breakdown; the outcome is an impasse.

Question 16

Fortunately, union shops are legal in right-to-work states.

Question 17

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
A card signed by prospective union members indicating that they are interested in having a union election held at their worksite.

Question 18

Of all U.S.employers, the government has the highest percentage of unionized employees.

Question 19

Greater job security is one reason an employee may wish to join a union.

Question 20

It is considered an unfair labor practice for an employer to refuse to bargain collectively with the representatives chosen by the employees.

Question 21

The _________ is a law passed to eliminate any influence on unions by members of organized crime.

Question 22

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Requires an individual who chooses to join a union to remain in the union for the duration of the existing contract.

Question 23

________ is a card signed by prospective union members indicating that they are interested in having a union election held at their work site.

Question 24

A _________ is an organization of workers, acting collectively, seeking to promote and protect its mutual interests through collective bargaining.

Question 25

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
A situation in labor-management negotiations whereby management prevents union members from returning to work.

Question 26

Why are security arrangements important to unions?

A)Terrorist threats are increasing.
B)Funds have been mismanaged in the past.
C)Health care premiums are better controlled.
D)Corporate espionage is increasing.
E)Union membership rates influence union power.

Question 27

________ is the election process whereby union members vote out a union as their representative.

Question 28

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
This act gave employees the right to form and join unions and to engage in collective bargaining.

Question 29

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Established to administer and interpret the Wagner Act.It has the primary responsibility for conducting union representation elections.

Question 30

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
The technique whereby a neutral third party conducts a hearing to gather evidence and testimony from the parties regarding the differences between them.

Question 31

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Employees are free to choose whether or not to join the union, and those who do not are not required to pay union dues.

Question 32

The _________ Act created the Federal Labor Relations Authority and administers labor-management relations for most federal workers except the post office.

Question 33

The __________ Act was introduced to protect union members from corruption within the union.

Question 34

Employees wishing to hold a union certification election must first collect ________________ signed by at least 30 percent of potential members.

Question 35

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
A government agency that assists labor and management in setting disputes.

Question 36

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
An unauthorized and illegal strike that occurs during the terms of an existing contract.

Question 37

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Workers can organize and bargain collectively, but mandatory dispute resolution procedures are in place to prevent strikes.

Question 38

A ________ is a situation in labor-management negotiations whereby management prevents union members from returning to work.

Question 39

________ require parties in public-sector labor relations to make public their negotiations.

Question 40

MATCHING KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
a)Fact-finding
b)Wagner Act
c)Dues checkoff
d)Lockout
e)Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)
f)Open shop
g)Maintenance of membership
h)Union security arrangements
i)Railway Labor Act
j)Wildcat strike
k)National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
l)Agency shop
m)Right to work laws
n)Grievance procedure
o)Authorization card
Prohibit union membership as a condition of employment.

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a reason why employees join unions?

A)Higher wages and benefits
B)Greater job security
C)Greater individual incentives
D)Influence over work rules
E)Compulsory membership

Question 42

In labor negotiations, management in a very small company is usually represented by:

A)the president.
B)Vice-president of industrial relations.
C)Corporate lawyers.
D)Specialist in wages and benefits.
E)Economic specialist.

Question 43

Which of these legislations was passed after public outcry over misuse of union funds?

A)Taft-Hartley Act
B)Landrum-Griffin Act
C)Wagner Act
D)Norris-LaGuardia Act
E)Railway Labor Act

Question 44

Mason is part of the union negotiating team.He is gathering information about accident records, employee performance reports, absenteeism and transfers.What step of collective bargaining is he performing?

A)Report reading
B)Preparing to negotiate
C)Contract administration
D)Demand matching
E)Negotiating

Question 45

Which is true of economic strikes?

A)They are illegal in most circumstances.
B)Union members try to shut down their employer to force it to negotiate.
C)Executive Order 10988 gave federal workers the right to participate in economic strikes.
D)The purpose is to change public opinion by applying pressure on the economy.
E)Employers are prohibited from hiring replacement workers.

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a stage of contract administration?

A)Disseminating the agreements to all union members and managers
B)Ratifying the contract
C)Implementing the contract
D)Interpreting the contract and grievance resolution
E)Monitoring activities during the contract period.

Question 47

The legislation that passed the dispute settlement procedure that allows congressional and presidential intercession in the event of an impasse in transportation industry negotiations is the

A)Taft-Hartley Act.
B)Landrum-Griffin Act.
C)Wagner Act.
D)Railway Labor Act.
E)Stevedores and Teamsters Alliance.

Question 48

Which of the following sectors has the LOWEST union membership?

A)Agriculture
B)Mining
C)Manufacturing
D)Transportation
E)Construction

Question 49

The Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service was created under the

A)Taft-Hartley Act.
B)Landrum-Griffin Act.
C)Wagner Act.
D)Norris-LaGuardia Act.
E)Railway Labor Act.

Question 50

The National Labor Relations Board was established by the

A)Taft-Hartley Act.
B)Landrum-Griffin Act.
C)Wagner Act.
D)Norris-LaGuardia Act.
E)Railway Labor Act.

Question 51

Which of the following was the most influential labor relations law in the United States?

A)Railway Labor Act
B)Landrum-Griffin Act
C)Civil Service Reform Act
D)Wagner Act
E)Executive Order 10988

Question 52

Jacob is a manager in a large manufacturing firm that has signed enough authorization cards to have a representation certification.Which of the following activities is legal for him to do to resist unionization during this organizing drive?

A)Stop outside union organizers from distributing information in the workplace.
B)Stand in the employee cafeteria to see who distributed union information to other employees.
C)Cancel any trips or recognition for workers who are pro union.
D)Question employees about their involvement in union activities.
E)Promise better working conditions if the union vote is defeated.

Question 53

Union negotiations begin with the delivery of "demands" by the union.What goes on behind closed doors during the real negotiations?

A)Each side tries to assess the relative priorities of the other's demands.
B)An oral agreement is converted to a written document.
C)Each side tries to combine proposals into viable packages.
D)Both parties compromise.
E)Bargainers seek to harmonize the lowest management offer with the highest union demand.

Question 54

Which of the following is the strongest of the union security arrangements?

A)Open shop
B)Closed shop
C)Agency shop
D)Union shop
E)None of the above

Question 55

The National Labor Relations Act is commonly referred to as the

A)Taft-Hartley Act.
B)Landrum-Griffin Act.
C)Wagner Act.
D)Norris-LaGuardia Act.
E)Railway Labor Act.

Question 56

What proportion of signed authorization cards must the union secure to have a union election at a work site?

A)At least 20%
B)At least 30%
C)At least 40%
D)At least 50%
E)At least 60%

Question 57

Morgan, a charge nurse, voted in a union election in her former job.Now, in a different organization, she has been told that she is ineligible to vote.Why can't she vote?

A)NLRB has ruled that health care workers can no longer be unionized.
B)Part time workers are not eligible to vote.
C)Management considers her a supervisor - she makes independent decisions in guiding the actions of other nurses.
D)Employees may only vote in one union election.
E)The union says that charge nurses should not be part of the bargaining unit.

Question 58

Which is NOT true of the National Labor Relations Board?

A)There are nine members.
B)The members are appointed by the president.
C)Membership flips from conservative to liberal depending on politics.
D)Members are confirmed by congress.
E)It is occasionally unable to issue decisions due to low membership.

Question 59

Which of the following is the least desirable of the union security arrangements?

A)Open shop
B)Closed shop
C)Agency shop
D)Union shop
E)None of the above

Question 60

Myles, a machinist, tried to organize a union at his employer.A year and a half ago a vote rejected unionization.Now he has secured authorization cards signed by 100 of the 200 workers.What else does he need to do before having another union election?

A)Get additional signatures.At least 75% of employees must sign authorization cards before an election will be held.
B)Get signatures on the right form.Representation certification preference, not authorization, is the form required by the NLRB before elections.
C)Petition NLRB for an election.
D)Wait.NLRB will hold an election only once every other year.
E)Apply to the national printing union for recognition.

Question 61

Which of the following has the highest unionization rate?

A)Belgium
B)Canada
C)Germany
D)United States
E)China

Question 62

An important part of contract administration involves setting disputes between employees and differing opinions about interpreting the contract.This is called:

A)Union security arrangements.
B)Grievance procedures.
C)Maintenance of membership.
D)Mediation and conciliation.
E)Representative certification.

Question 63

Cahir works in HR for a union shop.He is adjusting the pay system to the new rates that have just been set as part of the union negotiating team.What step of collective bargaining is Cahir performing?

A)Data collection.
B)Preparing to negotiate.
C)Contract administration.
D)Demand matching.
E)Negotiating.

Question 64

Rhonda is a supervisor in the plastics manufacturing area.When a grievance is filed against her, what should she do first?
A)Resist a strike.

A)Talk to the grievance committee.
B)Check the authorization cards.
B)Try to reach a settlement with the employee and the union steward.
C)Forward the complaint to her supervisor.

Question 65

A teachers' union has been trying to negotiate a new contract with school officials for 30 days.The old contract expires in two months, the day before school starts for the year.To resolve the contract negotiation disputes, a third party has been hired to pull together the common ground that exists and to make recommendations in the settlement that would overcome barriers that exist between the two sides.What kind of impasse resolution technique is being used?

A)Lockout
B)Conciliation
C)Mediation
D)Interest arbitration
E)Fact-finding

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT an impasse-resolution technique?

A)Conciliation
B)Mediation
C)Lockout
D)Fact-finding
E)Interest arbitration

Question 67

What is currently the overall unionization rate in the United States?

A)7%
B)11%
C)17%
D)25%
E)37%

Question 68

A major tire manufacturer nearly did not reach agreement with one of its major unions last time over health care coverage and retirement provisions.The contract has 10 months to go before expiration, but both sides are hard at work on the new contract.The Detroit Free Press had a lead article that health care would be further reduced under the new agreement.At noon, after the workers had read and discussed the matter, they walked off the job to demonstrate their dissatisfaction with the proposed management action.What kind of technique is being used?

A)Lockout
B)Wildcat strike
C)Fact-finding to settle the dispute
D)Economic strike
E)Mediation

Question 69

In order to comply with the law, unionized companies that use employee-involvement programs such as quality circles must give the programs:

A)A budget negotiated under the terms of the union contract.
B)Independence from management.
C)Representation during contract negotiations.
D)Leadership from the management staff.
E)Time during regular work hours to meet.

Question 70

A teachers' union has been trying to negotiate a new contract with school officials for thirty days.The old contract expires in two months, the day before school starts for the year.To resolve the contract negotiation disputes, a panel has been formed to decide on how to settle the contract dispute.The three-member panel consists of a teacher, a school superintendent, and a local businessman.They are listening to testimony from both sides before rendering their decision.What kind of impasse resolution technique is being used?

A)Lockout
B)Conciliation
C)Fact-finding
D)Interest arbitration
E)Mediation

Question 71

When was the percentage of union membership the highest United States?

A)Early 1930s
B)Early 1940s
C)Late 1950s
D)Early 1970s
E)Late 1970s

Question 72

Peyton has just been hired to administer a union contract.She will be involved all of these activities EXCEPT:

A)Providing information to all union members and management personnel.
B)Implementing the contract.
C)Interpreting the contract and grievance resolution.
D)Monitoring activities.
E)Negotiating the pay rates.

Question 73

Jordan joined the union when he was hired but has decided the benefits are not worth the dues.He can drop his union membership and keep his job, but he has to wait until the next contract negotiation period.Jordan works in a(n)

A)closed shop.
B)union shop.
C)agency shop.
D)open shop.
E)checked shop.

Question 74

Which of the following countries has the lowest unionization rate?

A)Belgium
B)Canada
C)France
D)United States
E)Sweden

Question 75

China is the most heavily unionized country in the world with over 200 million union members.What is the primary goal of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the main union in China?

A)Prevent layoffs and terminations
B)Monitor and defend member complaints
C)Prevent labor disputes and stabilize labor relations
D)Improved working conditions
E)Higher wages for factory workers

Question 76

An ironworkers union has been trying to negotiate a new contract with the contractor for months.The contract expired last night at midnight.All the workers showed up, on time, this morning, then walked off the site.What kind of technique is being used?

A)Lockout
B)Wildcat strike
C)Fact-finding to settle the dispute
D)Economic strike
E)Mediation

Question 77

Leandro works in a union shop, but he has refused to join the union.He pays the union a sum of money equal to union fees and dues as a condition of continuing employment.These monies are used exclusively for collective bargaining purposes.Leandro is working in a(n)

A)closed shop.
B)union shop.
C)agency shop.
D)open shop.
E)checked shop.

Question 78

Which is not part of the acronym of things employer should not do to avoid unfair labor practices during an NLRB election?

A)Secret
B)Promise
C)Interrogate
D)Spy
E)Threaten

Question 79

Workers in an automotive plant are threatening to strike.Management has given executives huge pay raises.The current contract expires in eight months, but work has already begun on the new contract.Management wants to give smaller raises to the union than has been given in contracts for the past 20 years.A consultant has been hired to make sure that negotiations don't break down, that management and labor keep talking to each other.What is the consultant doing?

A)Conciliation
B)Grievance arbitration
C)Fact-finding
D)Interest arbitration
E)Mediation

Question 80

Which is NOT true of lockouts?

A)They are initiated by employers.
B)Employees are denied access to their jobs.
C)They are similar to wildcat strikes.
D)Employers may hire replacement workers.
E)The goal is to end a disagreement.