Deck 21: Skin Disorders

Question 1

The nurse is reviewing the administration of asthma medication with a group of staff nurses. Which statement by a nurse indicates understanding?
1)"Asthma medication generally falls under three categories."
2)"A common short-acting maintenance medication is a combination of adrenergic beta-2 agonist and corticosteroid."
3)"An oral leukotriene antagonist should not be used by the client on a daily basis if the asthma attack is acute."
4)"An oral corticosteroid is added to the regimen of rescue medications when short-acting bronchodilators are not working against asthma attacks."

Answer 1

4

Question 2

The nurse is assessing a young adult client who has a history of smoking and Marfan syndrome. Previous medical reports do not suggest evidence of underlying lung disease. For which condition is the client at risk?
1)Traumatic pneumothorax
2)Tension pneumothorax
3)Iatrogenic pneumothorax
4)Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Answer 2

4

Question 3

The nurse is providing care for a client with a clot that traveled to the pulmonary arterial circulation and caused obstruction of the arterial blood flow through the lungs. Which terminology does the nurse use to document the condition?
1)Pulmonary edema
2)Pulmonary embolism
3)Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4)Pleural effusion

Answer 3

2

Question 4

The nurse is teaching a client about obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Which treatment, according to the nurse, is most appropriate to keep the airways from closing?
1)Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
2)Polysomnography
3)Central nervous system stimulants
4)Leukotriene antagonists

Question 5

The nurse finds that the client is exhibiting wheezing, prolonged exhalations, and rhonchi. The client uses accessory muscles during breathing. As a treatment, the health-care provider prescribes bronchodilators and corticosteroids in the form of inhalers. Which disorder does the nurse identify related to the symptoms and treatment of the client?
1)The client has idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
2)The client exhibits signs of bronchiectasis.
3)The client has manifestations of asthma.
4)The client is experiencing pleural effusion.

Question 6

When viewing the recent chest x-rays of a client, the nurse finds nodules and honeycomb lung patterns. The health-care provider points out the client's previous chest x-ray report identifying diffused "ground glass" markings in the lower lung fields. Which condition does the nurse conclude from this information?
1)Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2)Thoracic cage deformity
3)Pleural effusion
4)Pulmonary embolism

Question 7

The health-care provider is attending to a client experiencing chest pain, dyspnea, and an increased respiratory rate. During physical assessment, the chest expansion is found to be asymmetrical, and hyperresonance is noted with percussion. Which condition is interpreted from the gathered data?
1)Pneumothorax or collapsed lungs
2)Presence of pleural effusion
3)Diagnosis of asbestosis
4)Thoracic cage deformity

Question 8

A health-care provider determines that a client is experiencing symptoms such as jugular venous distension, ascites, hepatomegaly, and ankle and sacral edema. Which condition does the health-care provider identify?
1)Pulmonary hypertension
2)Cor pulmonale
3)Asthma
4)Chronic hypoxia

Question 9

A nurse suspects a client may have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Which diagnostic tool does the nurse expect to be used?
1)Chest x-ray
2)Computerized tomography (CT scan)
3)Ultrasound
4)Polysomnography

Question 10

A middle-age client presents with a cough producing large amounts of mucus. The client tells the nurse, "I get this and keep it all winter. My wife says I cough until I turn blue." With a suspicion of chronic bronchitis, which question does the nurse ask first?
1)"Do you feel short of breath after a coughing spell?"
2)"So, how many years have you had this problem?"
3)"Does anyone else in your family have this problem?"
4)"Do you get your annual influenza vaccine?"

Question 11

While reviewing the reports about a new client, the nurse learns there has been an abnormal collection of fluid within the pleural cavity. The nurse plans client care involving which treatment modality?
1)Administering mucolytic agents and bronchodilators
2)Monitoring a thoracotomy and a chest tube placement
3)Administering corticosteroid treatment
4)Teaching the client about orthopedic bracing

Question 12

Which condition is also known as hypoventilation syndrome?
1)Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
2)Bronchiectasis
3)Pneumocystis jiroveci infection
4)Pulmonary hypertension

Question 13

The nurse is advising a client about adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which statement validates the nurse's understanding of the disorder?
1)"ARDS develops within 48 to 72 hours of the inciting event."
2)"ARDS leads to acute pancreatitis or aspiration."
3)"ARDS causes multiple organ failure and critical illness."
4)"ARDS is a genetic disorder causing abnormal pulmonary vessel formation."

Question 14

The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with secondary pulmonary hypertension. The increase in the pulmonary artery pressure has led to the client's elevated pulmonary venous pressure. Which existing condition may be identified as the cause of the client's condition?
1)Spontaneous pneumothorax
2)Anthracosis
3)Collagen vascular disease
4)Bronchiectasis

Question 15

The nurse is assessing a client who is obese with a short, thick neck circumference. Which form of restrictive pulmonary disorder does the nurse suspect in the client?
1)Pickwickian syndrome
2)Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
3)Cor pulmonale
4)Marfan syndrome

Question 16

A client is being examined by the health-care provider because of a report of "always feeling like I am holding air in my lungs." Which specific measurement from a pulmonary function test does the nurse expect to be most informative?
1)Tidal volume (TV)
2)Functional residual capacity (FRC)
3)Forced vital capacity (FVC)
4)Total lung capacity (TLC)

Question 17

Which lung condition is common in clients with a genetic disorder such as Marfan syndrome, as well as frequent smokers?
1)Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
2)Traumatic pneumothorax
3)Tension pneumothorax
4)Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 18

The nurse is assessing a client who has been a butcher for an extensive period, making the client subject to a prolonged and intense exposure to inhaled organic dust in the form of animal protein. Which disorder, according to the nurse, is a probable cause of the client's respiratory problem?
1)Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2)Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
3)Anthracosis
4)Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 19

A victim of a motor vehicle accident comes to a medical facility with a rib fracture that has punctured the pleural membrane. The open wound allows the pleural cavity to pull air into the opening of the wound, thus building a pleural space. Which treatment can a nurse expect from the primary health-care provider?
1)A large-bore needle to be inserted in the affected side
2)The process of pleurodesis to be performed on the client
3)A chest tube with suction to be applied on the affected side
4)Surgical intervention of the affected side

Question 20

A client diagnosed with pulmonary obstructive disease is progressively exhibiting symptoms that the condition is worsening. The client's condition is specifically identified as emphysema. When the client asks about surgery, which procedure is most likely to be considered for the client?
1)Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS)
2)Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR)
3)A tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation
4)Bilateral lung transplant

Question 21

Which options indicate a diagnostic outcome for coal miner's pneumoconiosis? Select all that apply.
1)Decreased forced expiratory volume (FEV) count during pulmonary function test (PFT)
2)Chest x-ray reveals fluid in the pleural space
3)Hypoxemia is found in an arterial blood gas (ABG) test
4)Collapsed lung and air in the pleural space
5)Computerized tomography scan shows dilated, fibrotic airways

Question 22

Which diseases are identified as pulmonary restrictive diseases? Select all that apply.
1)Diseases that lead to the formation of excessive mucus
2)Diseases that prevent complete ventilation
3)Diseases that lead to loss of lung elastic recoil
4)Diseases that reduce the total lung capacity
5)Diseases that act as an impediment to alveoli

Question 23

The nurse is assessing a child with chronic asthma. Which microorganisms, according to the nurse, may be responsible for causing asthma in the child? Select all that apply.
1)Rhinovirus
2)Adenovirus
3)Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4)Respiratory syncytial virus
5)Staphylococcus aureus

Question 24

When assessing a client with asthma, which questions does the nurse ask? Select all that apply.
1)Are symptoms worse at night or after exercise?
2)Does exposure to certain environmental allergens trigger attacks?
3)What kinds of materials do you handle on your job?
4)Are you able to sleep and rest sufficiently?
5)Have you ever traveled to a foreign country?

Question 25

Which procedures are specifically utilized for the treatment of pleural effusion? Select all that apply.
1)Surgery for the reduction of the pharyngeal tissues
2)Administration of mucolytic agents
3)Drainage
4)Chest tube attached to suction
5)Orthopedic bracing