Deck 10: Infectious Diseases

Question 1

Which cellular structure secretes a natural antiviral defense?
1)Ciliated respiratory tract cells
2)Alveolar macrophages
3)Respiratory epithelial cells
4)Cervical lymph nodes

Answer 1

3

Question 2

Which disease is spread from human to human via droplet infections through coughing or sneezing?
1)Mumps
2)Poliomyelitis
3)Herpes simplex
4)West Nile virus infection

Answer 2

1

Question 3

Which is the definition for prions?
1)They are bacterial spores.
2)They are abnormal proteins.
3)They are fungal agents.
4)They are helminths.

Answer 3

2

Question 4

Which is the diagnostic goal for malaria considering that the pathogen multiplies in the red blood cells (RBCs)?
1)Identify anemia
2)Determine level of bilirubin
3)Identify specific antibodies
4)Determine white blood cell (WBC) count

Question 5

Which is a key symptom of meningitis when the nurse is assessing a client suspected of the condition?
1)Abdominal pain
2)Nuchal rigidity
3)Sensitivity to sound
4)Dysuria

Question 6

The nurse is teaching a community program about prevention of vector-transmitted disease. Which preventive measure does the nurse include for leishmaniasis?
1)Using insect repellant
2)Using vaccines
3)Avoiding vector-infested areas
4)Isolating the client

Question 7

Based on which manifestation does the nurse recognize that rubella causes teratogenic side effects?
1)Microcephaly in the fetus
2)Retinitis in the fetus
3)Vision impairment in the fetus
4)Spontaneous abortion of the fetus

Question 8

Which description is appropriate for the distinctive rash of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)?
1)Pinpoint red macules and petechiae
2)Dewdrops on a rose petal
3)Slapped-cheek appearance
4)Purpura and ecchymotic rash

Question 9

Which diagnostic test is required to detect Legionnaire's disease?
1)Neurological tests
2)Tissue sampling
3)Antibody titers
4)Arterial blood gases

Question 10

The nurse is aware that both a reservoir and a vector may be involved in infection transmission. Which does the nurse recognize as a vector?
1)A dirty bathroom
2)A child with chickenpox
3)A living being not infected
4)Unsanitary food preparation

Question 11

Coccidiomycosis is an airborne disease. Which conclusion does the nurse draw about its mode of transmission?
1)Transmitted by fungal spores
2)Transmitted by vector bites
3)Transmitted by prions
4)Transmitted by contaminated food

Question 12

The nurse in a third world missionary hospital sees many clients with a self-diagnosis of "worms." The clients present with abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, weight loss, and passage of eggs in the stool. Which diagnostic test does the nurse use to confirm tapeworm infection?
1)Blood test
2)Stool test
3)Urine test
4)Antibody titers

Question 13

A nurse demonstrates understanding of predisposing factors to Pseudomonas aeruginosa by selecting which option?
1)Urinary tract catheterization
2)Hospital food
3)Nebulizer
4)Hospital linens

Question 14

The nurse is providing care for an older adult female diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The client expresses dismay about having a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Which knowledge does the nurse use to assure the client that vaginal candidiasis is a side effect of long-term antibiotic use?
1)It is an opportunistic infection.
2)It eradicates Lactobacillus in the vagina.
3)It is caused by an antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the vagina.
4)It is caused by decreased vaginal pH due to antibiotic use.

Question 15

For which reason does the nurse classify both the Ebola and Marburg viruses as Category A bioterrorism agents?
1)They cause hemorrhagic fevers.
2)They are virulent, stable, and infective as small-particle aerosols.
3)They are transmitted by direct contact through blood and body fluids.
4)Currently there is no standard treatment.

Question 16

The nurse in an acute care facility is assigned to care for a client diagnosed with community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus manifested as osteomyelitis. Which nursing intervention is most important?
1)Monitor for signs of septicemia
2)Initiate airborne precautions
3)Perform diligent hand washing
4)Carefully monitor culture results

Question 17

The nurse works in a college infirmary. Which reason does the nurse identify for the incidences of Neisseria meningitides within the college population?
1)College living quarters are frequently unclean
2)College students experience high stress levels
3)College student nutrition is vitamin deficient
4)College living exists in close, crowded quarters

Question 18

The nurse is notified a client has a bacterial infection. The health-care provider prescribes diagnostic testing. For which diagnostic procedure does the nurse prepare the client?
1)Tissue biopsy
2)Ultrasonography
3)Serological test
4)Radiography

Question 19

Which symptom does the nurse specifically expect in a client diagnosed with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
1)Mental confusion
2)Personality changes
3)Problems with hearing, seeing, and smelling
4)Jerky muscle movements

Question 20

Which diagnosis does the nurse recognize as a protozoan infection?
1)Enterobiasis
2)Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
3)Giardiasis
4)Coccidiomycosis

Question 21

Which data is used to distinguish serological testing from other laboratory studies? Select all that apply.
1)Quantifying based on antibody titers
2)Analyzing for cell changes
3)Quantifying levels of immunoglobulin
4)Identifying for the presence of an antigen
5)Detecting the microorganism's genetic material

Question 22

An infectious process has several different stages before it progresses to a full-blown disease. (Enter the letter of each step in the proper sequence; do not use commas or spaces.) A. Prodromal stage
B) Resolution phase
C) Convalescent stage
D) Incubation period
E) Acute stage.

Question 23

At which point does the nurse recommend medical therapy in the treatment of infection? Select all that apply.
1)Prolonged manifestation of an infection
2)No vaccines to prevent the infection
3)Undue risk to the people in contact with the client
4)Undue risk to the client
5)First line of defense fails to contain the infection

Question 24

The human body includes two mechanisms for defending the body against infection. Which factors does the nurse accredit to the function of innate immunity? Select all that apply.
1)Sensitized T and B lymphocytes
2)Is a nonspecific mechanism
3)Involves natural defensive barriers
4)Immediate defense from all types of pathogens
5)Has mediators of the inflammatory reaction

Question 25

In which manner does the nurse justify that an emerging infectious disease is not always a new disease? Select all that apply.
1)The disease may have been previously undetected
2)A reappearance of the disease occurs
3)Antibiotic-resistant bacteria resist treatment
4)A breakdown in public health measures takes place
5)New realization about the mechanism of the disease process occurs