Deck 19: Consciousness

Question 1

What does the measure of dimensional activation (D_a) index, and how does it relate to level of alertness?

Answer 1

not answered

Question 2

Why is it that we can't move during REM sleep?

Answer 2

Our brain stem is tonically suppressed

Question 3

What evidence is there that the constructs of consciousness and attention can be dissociated?

Answer 3

not answered

Question 4

The _____ frequency band is associated with the transition from wakefulness to sleep, and _____ frequencies with deep sleep.

Question 5

Which two neurotransmitters released from the pons and projecting to the thalamus are critical to arousal?

Question 6

Does the level activity in V1 more closely reflect what as actually happened in visual environment or what one thinks has happened in the visual environment? Provide evidence for your answer.

Question 7

The same neurotransmitters systems are active during REM sleep and wakefulness

Question 8

What are two critical physiological signatures of increased conscious awareness? Give examples of how each has been demonstrated.

Question 9

How has TMS been used to assess different states of consciousness? What does it show?

Question 10

The strength and complexity of connectivity between anatomically distal regions in the brain is most strongly associated with one's position along which axis of the 2-D depiction of states of consciousness?

A)Physiological arousal
B)Level of awareness

Question 11

What theory of consciousness motivated the development of the perturbational complexity index?

A)Global Workspace Theory
B)Integrated Information Theory (IIT)
C)Recurrent Processing Theory

Question 12

Global Workspace Theory allows for graded levels of consciousness?

Question 13

Give an example of experimental evidence that people with locked-in syndrome are aware of their surroundings.

Question 14

In the absence of actual visual stimulation, V1 activity during the conscious experience of visual detection (i.e., "false alarms") provides evidence for what?

Question 15

What differentiates coma from vegetative state from locked-in syndrome?

Question 16

Somebody with locked-in syndrome would not be aware of their surroundings?

Question 17

One can think of states of consciousness as falling along two dimensions, physiological arousal and level of awareness. What is the most likely state of someone who is high along the physiological-arousal dimension, but low along the level-of-awareness dimension?

A)Vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome
B)Coma
C)General anesthesia
D)REM sleep

Question 18

Describe the stages of sleep, including the brain rhythms and arousability associated with each.

Question 19

Which of the following is a state of unarousable unconsciousness, including a failure to open the eyes?

A)Coma
B)Vegetative state
C)Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome
D)Sleep

Question 20

Describe the similarities and differences between the Global Workspace and Recurrent Processing theories of consciousness.

Question 21

How has backward masking of words been used to study consciousness? What do results show about conscious experience vs. our brains' reaction to the stimuli we receive?