Deck 1: Overview of Genetics

Question 1

Three populations of an organism, each with drastically different external markings, but still members of the same species, would be called .

A) homologs
B) mutants
C) communities
D) alleles
E) morphs

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The study of the processes of transcription and translation is at the level of biological organization.

A) Population
B) Organismal
C) Cellular
D) Molecular

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The basic unit of heredity is the .

A) Individual
B) Gene
C) Macromolecule
D) Trait
E) None of the answers are correct

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In many organisms, one set of chromosomes comes from the maternal parent, while the other set comes from the paternal parent. Similar chromosomes in these sets are said to be .

A) Morphs
B) Alleles
C) Haploid
D) Homologs
E) Physiological traits

Question 5

is the use of a gene sequence to synthesize a functional protein.

A) Loss-of-function mutation
B) Gene expression
C) The human genome project
D) Proteonomics
E) None of the above

Question 6

In humans, gametes are different than other cells of the body in that they are .

A) Diploid
B) Haploid
C) Genetic mutations
D) Morphs
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 7

A cell that makes up the body structure of an organism and is diploid is .

A) A gamete
B) A somatic cell
C) An allele
D) Rare
E) A sperm cell

Question 8

Variation at the molecular level of a gene is called a(n) .

A) Nucleotide
B) Chromosome
C) Allele
D) Trait
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 9

If a geneticist is studying the prevalence of a trait in a species, they are at the level of study.

A) Population
B) Organismal
C) Cellular
D) Molecular

Question 10

Which of the following acts to accelerate chemical reactions in a cell?

A) Nucleic acids
B) Lipids
C) Carbohydrates
D) Enzymes
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 11

A variation of a gene is called a(n) .

A) species
B) morph
C) genome
D) allele
E) proteome

Question 12

The differences in inherited traits among individuals in a population are called .

A) species variation
B) genetic muations
C) genetic variation
D) natural selection
E) None of the above

Question 13

Genetic variation is ultimately based upon which of the following?

A) Morphological differences
B) Small variations in nucleotide sequence of the DNA
C) Carbohydrate content of the cell
D) Translation

Question 14

The structure of a cell that contains the genetic information is called a .

A) Nucleotide
B) Genetic code
C) Chromosome
D) Nucleic acids
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 15

If a carbohydrate is going to be broken down for energy, which of the following molecules would be directly involved in the breakdown?

A) Catabolic enzymes
B) Nucleotides
C) Anabolic enzymes
D) Lipids
E) Chromosomes

Question 16

RNA is formed by the process of .

A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Both transcription and translation
D) None of the answers are correct

Question 17

A species that contains two copies of each chromosome is called .

A) A genetic mutation
B) A morph
C) Haploid
D) Diploid
E) Alleles

Question 18

The building blocks of DNA are the .

A) Amino acids
B) Carbohydrates
C) Enzymes
D) Nucleotides
E) Lipids

Question 19

A characteristic that an organism displays is called .

A) A gene
B) A chromosome
C) DNA
D) Gene expression
E) A trait

Question 20

Which of the following is correct regarding natural selection?

A) It is based on competition for resources
B) Beneficial traits are passed on to the next generation
C) It enables a species to become better adapted to its environment
D) It may drastically change a species over time
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 21

Which of the following uses a genetic cross to determine patterns of inheritance?

A) Population genetics
B) Transmission genetics
C) Molecular genetics

Question 22

Both genes and the influence the traits of an organism.

A) genome
B) environment
C) population

Question 23

influence the physical appearance of an organism.

A) Morphological traits
B) Physiological traits
C) Behavioral traits

Question 24

Sexual reproduction decreases the genetic variation of a species.

Question 25

DNA stores the information needed for the synthesis of cellular .

A) proteins
B) carbohydrates
C) lipids

Question 26

Genetics is the branch of the biological sciences that deals with both heredity and variation.

Question 27

Which of the following began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the 19th century

A) Population genetics
B) Transmission genetics
C) Molecular genetics

Question 28

Which of the following studies the relationship between genetic variation and the environment?

A) Population genetics
B) Transmission genetics
C) Molecular genetics

Question 29

Which one of the following is NOT one of the general classes of macromolecules that are necessary for cellular function?

A) Nucleic acids
B) Proteins
C) Ions
D) Carbohydrates
E) Lipids

Question 30

Science is conducted using a process called the scientific method.

Question 31

The changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time is called .

A) homologous recombination
B) model organisms studies
C) genetic crosses
D) biological evolution
E) hypothesis testing

Question 32

Which of the following studies the effects of loss-of-function mutations?

A) Population genetics
B) Transmission genetics
C) Molecular genetics

Question 33

Gene expression involves the process of transcription and translation.

Question 34

Change in a population over time is called biological evolution.

Question 35

Which of the following studies how the forces of nature have influenced the spread of traits?

A) Population genetics
B) Transmission genetics
C) Molecular genetics