Deck 23: Developmental Genetics

Question 1

Gap genes and pair-rule genes are examples of genes that determine .

A) Formation of body segments
B) The formation of the primary cell layers
C) The final identity of a body region
D) The formation of the major body axis

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Studies of invertebrate and vertebrate development suggest that there is a universal body plan for
animal development.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Pole cells are responsible for forming what structures in an adult organism?

A) Liver cells
B) Gametes
C) Nerve cells
D) Hematopoietic stem cells

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following segment genes is activated first in the Drosophila embryo?

A) Pair-rule genes
B) Segment-polarity gene
C) Gap genes
D) All of the answers are activated simultaneously

Question 5

A mutation in which the fate of cell lineages is not synchronized in an organism is called a .

A) Heterochronic mutation
B) Apoptotic mutation
C) Homeotic mutation
D) Homeobox mutation

Question 6

Which of the following provide positional information to the developing organism?

A) Threshold concentration
B) Morphogens
C) Induction
D) Cell adhesion
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 7

The model organism for the study of plant development is .

A) Drosophila melanogaster
B)
C) Xenopus laevis
C) elegans
D) Arabidopsis thaliana

Question 8

Heterochronic mutations are the result of irregular patterns of gene expression.

Question 9

Which of the following genes must be expressed in Drosophila for development into a female fly?

A) SRY
B) Hox
C) SXL
D) sex-1

Question 10

The ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are formed during the stage of embryogenesis.

A) Fertilization
B) Cellular blastoderm
C) Syncytial blastoderm
D) Gastroderm
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 11

In Drosophila embryos the anterior compartment of a segment overlaps with the posterior
compartment of a parasegment.

Question 12

The bicoid gene is responsible for the formation of what portion of the Drosophila embryo?

A) Ventral structures
B) Abdomen
C) Anterior structures
D) Posterior structures

Question 13

The bicoid gene has what pattern of inheritance?

A) Sex-linked
B) Incomplete penetrance
C) Maternal inheritance
D) Autosomal

Question 14

Homeotic genes activate genes that determine the morphological characteristics of each segment.

A) Segment
B) Parasegment
C) Realizator
D) Zygotic

Question 15

Antennapedia in Drosophila is an example of a .

A) Loss of function mutation
B) Gain of function mutation
C) Zygotic mutation
D) Segmentation mutation

Question 16

A homeotic mutation results in which of the following?

A) Incorrect formation of the body axes
B) Replacement of segments with parasegments
C) Replacing of one body part with another
D) Apotosis

Question 17

Which of the following is the first stage of embryonic pattern development in Drosophila?

A) Limb position
B) Body axes
C) Segmentation patterns
D) None of the answers are correct

Question 18

A mutation in the B genes of Arabidopsis would result in the incorrect formation of what structure?

A) Apical meristem
B) Flowers
C) Stems
D) Roots

Question 19

Plant development differs from animal development in which of the following ways?

A) Plants can develop from somatic cells
B) Plants lack morphogens
C) Cell migration does not occur in plants
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 20

Hox complexes are examples of in mammals.

A) Zygotic genes
B) Segmentation genes
C) Homeotic genes
D) None of the answers are correct

Question 21

In humans, what gene determines maleness?

A) DSX
B) sex-1
C) SRY
D) SXL

Question 22

In humans, an XY individual in which a deletion has inactivated SRY would developmentally be what sex?

A) Male
B) Female

Question 23

Skeletal muscle cell development is controlled by proteins.

A) homeobox
B) basic domain
C) Hox
D) myogenic bHLH

Question 24

The consensus sequence of homeotic genes is called a .

A) TATA box
B) Pribnow box
C) homeobox
D) parasegment

Question 25

The of a morphogen determines its effect on development.

A) size
B) homeodomain
C) color
D) concentration

Question 26

Programmed cell death is called .

A) destruction initiation
B) apoptosis
C) myogenesis
D) morphogens

Question 27

Molecules that convey positional information and promote developmental changes are called .

A) morphogens
B) determined
C) totipotent
D) apical

Question 28

The spatial arrangement of different regions in the body is called a .

A) pattern
B) morphogen
C) induction
D) segment

Question 29

The morphological features that a group of cells will eventually adopt is called the .

A) positional information
B) cell fate
C) cell adhesion model
D) embryogenesis

Question 30

Which of the following genes in humans prevents male development?

A) SRY
B) DAX1
C) SOX9
D) SXL

Question 31

The ABC model explains the process of .

A) brain development
B) flower development
C) sex determination
D) muscle development

Question 32

Genes that specify the final identity of a body region are called .

A) bicoid
B) homeobox genes
C) homeotic
D) lineage genes