Deck 9: Molecular Structure of Dna and Rna

Question 1

The fact that the type IIR and IIIS strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae that Griffith worked with possessed small differences in capsule structure satisfies which of the following criteria for genetic material?

A) Transmission
B) Replication
C) Information
D) Variation

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In a double-helix DNA strand, the adenine on one strand forms a hydrogen bond with a(n) on the other strand.

A) Adenine
B) Guanine
C) Thymine
D) Cytosine

Answer 2

C

Question 3

All nucleotides contain which of the following?

A) A phosphate group
B) A five carbon sugar
C) One of five nitrogenous bases
D) All of the answers are correct

Answer 3

D

Question 4

These individuals determined that DNA was responsible for the process of transduction in T2 phage.

A) Hershey and Chase
B) Avery, Macleod, and McCarty
C) Watson and Crick
D) Creighton and McClintock

Question 5

Franklin's work provided which of the following regarding the structure of DNA?

A) It had a helical structure
B) The helix had more than one strand
C) The helix contained about 10 bases per turn
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 6

Frederick Griffith is responsible for discovering what process?

A) Replication
B) Transmission
C) Transformation
D) Transduction

Question 7

The individuals who determined that Griffith's transforming principle was DNA were .

A) Hershey and Chase
B) Avery, Macleod, and McCarty
C) Watson and Crick
D) Creighton and McClintock

Question 8

Which of the following correctly depicts the directionality of the DNA molecule?

A) Right to left
B) Top to bottom
C) 5' to 3'
D) 3' to 5'
E) All DNA molecules are different in their directionality

Question 9

All living organisms use DNA as the genetic material.

Question 10

The backbone of the DNA molecule is formed by .

A) Peptide bonds
B) Ribose sugars
C) Nitrogenous bases
D) Phosphodiester bonds
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 11

Which of the following is correct regarding the Hershey-Chase experiments?

A) They radioactively labeled the protein coat of the bacteriophage with 35S
B) They radioactively labeled the DNA of the bacteriophage with 32P
C) The results of the experiment indicated only the presence of 32P in the cell
D) Their results suggested that the DNA is the genetic material
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 12

How many bases are necessary to complete one complete twist (360 degrees) of a DNA helix?

A) 5
B) 10
C) 100
D) 1000

Question 13

The individual(s) who used ball and stick models to identify the three-dimensional structure of proteins was .

A) Franklin
B) Watson and Crick
C) Hershey and Chase
D) Pauling
E) Chargaff

Question 14

The building blocks of DNA are called .

A) Amino acids
B) Codons
C) Nucleotides
D) Alleles

Question 15

DNA differs from RNA in which of the following ways?

A) The structure of the nucleotide
B) The five-carbon sugar it uses
C) The size of the phosphate groups
D) The number of bases attached to the sugar
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 16

Which of the following is not found in DNA?

A) Cytosine
B) Guanine
C) Thymidine
D) Adenine
E) Uracil

Question 17

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the T2 bacteriophage?

A) It requires a host cell for replication
B) The phage attaches to the cell wall of a target bacteria
C) The phages injects the protein coat into the host cell
D) The new phages are formed inside the host cell
E) The new phages are released by the process of lysis

Question 18

According to Chargaff's rule, if the DNA of a species contains 20% adenine, what percent of guanine will it contain?

A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 19

The first group of researchers to correctly identify the double-helix structure of DNA were .

A) McClintock and Franklin
B) Hershey and Chase
C) Pauling and Avery
D) Watson and Crick

Question 20

The researcher(s) who initially used X-ray diffraction to gather information on the DNA molecule was .

A) Franklin
B) Watson and Crick
C) Hershey and Chase
D) Pauling
E) Chargaff

Question 21

DNA can exist as a triple helix, although its function in biological systems is not well understood.
TRUE

Question 22

One strand of DNA is 5' - AGGCCTTA - 3'. What is the opposite strand?

A) 5'-AGGCCTTA-3'
B) 5'-TCCGGAAT-3'
C) 3'-AGGCCTTA-5'
D) 3'-TCCGGAAT-5'

Question 23

The pyrimidine bases are .

A) cytosine, thymine, and uracil
B) adenine and guanine
C) adenine and thymine
D) cytosine and guanine

Question 24

A DNA strand can be described as antiparallel but uncomplementary.

Question 25

Which of the following DNA forms is most common in living organisms?

A) A DNA
B) B DNA
C) Z DNA
D) Triplex DNA

Question 26

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) uses DNA as its genetic material.

Question 27

One of the early models of DNA structure had the two strands of the helix interacting using ions.

A) potassium
B) sodium
C) magnesium
D) chlorine

Question 28

The idea that the adenine and thymine bases of the DNA interact in some manner was first proposed by .

A) Watson and Crick
B) Franklin
C) Pauling
D) Chargaff

Question 29

DNA is recognized as a left-handed molecule.
FALSE

Question 30

Which of the following is a left-handed DNA molecule?

A) A DNA
B) B DNA
C) Z DNA
D) R DNA

Question 31

Avery used the enzyme to remove the proteins from the cell extracts.

A) protease
B) DNase
C) RNase
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 32

The was labeled using the radioisotope 32P in the Hershey-Chase experiments.

A) RNA
B) DNA
C) protein
D) carbohydrates

Question 33

How does a RNA strand differ from a DNA strand?

A) It contains ribose instead of deoxyribose
B) It is single-stranded
C) It contains uracil in place of thymine
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 34

The helical shape of the DNA contains major and minor grooves, which assist in the regulating of
gene expression.

Question 35

A purine on one strand of the DNA is always paired with a pyrimidine on the other strand.

Question 36

Adenine and thymine form hydrogen bonds between them, while cytosine and guanine form bonds.

A) 2 , 3
B) 3 , 4
C) 3 , 2
D) 4 , 3

Question 37

In the Hershey-Chase experiments, the protein coat of the bacteriophage was labeled with the 32P
radioisotope.

Question 38

The purine bases are .

A) cytosine, thymine, and uracil
B) adenine and guanine
C) adenine and thymine
D) cytosine and guanine

Question 39

The fact that the helixes of the DNA strand are arranged it opposite directions gives DNA its characteristics.

A) Antiparallel
B) Complementary
C) Redundant
D) Water-soluble

Question 40

A nucleoside consists of only a five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group.

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that all genetic material must meet?

A) It must contain the information necessary to construct the entire organism.
B) It must be passed from parent to offspring.
C) It must be able to be copied.
D) It must have a limited amount of variation.

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a correct matching of the researcher with their discovery?

A) Pauling provided information on secondary structure in biological molecules.
B) Franklin suggested that DNA was a helix with more than one strand and that there were about 10 bases per turn of the DNA.
C) Watson and Crick collected a large amount of X-ray data on the structure of DNA.
D) Chargaff demonstrated that the adenine and thymine bases and the cytosine and guanine bases interacted in some manner.