Deck 3: Reproduction and Chromosome Transmission

Question 1

Which of the following is not associated with a prokaryotic cell?

A) Genetic information is contained within a nucleoid region
B) Genetic material is organized as a single circular chromosome
C) They have a cell wall surrounding their plasma membrane
D) They have membrane-bound organelles in their cytoplasm
E) All of the answers are associated with prokaryotic cells

Answer 1

D

Question 2

During which phase the nuclear membrane starts to disassociate?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Answer 2

E

Question 3

A karyotype is a(n) .

A) Organelle of eukaryotic cells
B) Stage of prophase I in meiosis
C) Division of the cytoplasmic material following mitosis
D) Photographic representation of the chromosomes of a cell
E) None of the answers are correct

Answer 3

D

Question 4

During which phase the nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 5

Which of the following is not an example of a eukaryotic cell?

A) Bacteria
B) Fungi
C) Protests
D) Plants
E) Animals

Question 6

The process of binary fission is primarily used for asexual reproduction in .

A) Prokaryotes
B) Eukaryotes

Question 7

Skin cells and nerve cells represent cells, while a sperm cell is an example of a cell.

A) Somatic ; somatic
B) Somatic ; germ
C) Germ ; germ
D) Germ ; somatic

Question 8

Organelles are .

A) Structures that contain the genetic material
B) Membrane-bound compartments of eukaryotic cells

Question 9

Interphase of the cell cycle includes all of the following, except .

A) G1 phase
B) G2 phase
C) S phase
D) Metphase

Question 10

A cytogeneticist would primarily do which of the following?

A) Study the distribution of traits in a population
B) Study the evolutionary changes in a specific trait
C) Use a karyotype analysis to examination chromosomal structure
D) Determine the genetic sequence of a specific gene

Question 11

The location of a gene on a chromosome is called its .

A) Karyotype
B) Allele
C) Loci
D) Homologue

Question 12

During which phase the centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 13

During this phase of the cell cycle, the sister chromatids are formed.

A) G1 phase
B) G2 phase
C) S phase
D) Prophase
E) Cytokinesis

Question 14

Which of the following would contain genetic material that is 100% identical?

A) Homologous chromosomes
B) Sister chromatids
C) X and Y chromosomes
D) All of the answers are identical

Question 15

During sexual reproduction, each parent contributes one set of chromosomes. Similar chromosomes from each parent are called .

A) Karyotypes
B) Sister chromatids
C) Homologs
D) Sex chromosomes

Question 16

During which phase the chromosomes start to condense?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 17

Cell division in prokaryotic cells is called , while in eukaryotic cells it is called .

A) Binary fission ; binary fission
B) Binary fission ; mitosis
C) Mitosis ; mitosis
D) Mitosis ; binary fission

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding restriction points?

A) An example is the boundary between G1 and S phase
B) In many cases, molecular changes must be present for the cell to continue
C) Cells at this point are committed to the next stage of the cell cycle
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 19

During which phase the sister chromatids separate and head towards opposite poles of the cell?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 20

During which phase the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 21

Which of the following occurs during leptotene of prophase I?

A) The homologous chromosomes recognize one another by synapsis
B) Crossing over occurs
C) The replicated chromosomes condense
D) The synaptonemal complex dissociates
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 22

During which phase the separated sister chromatids are considered independent chromosomes?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 23

The end result of meiosis in animals is .

A) Two diploid cells
B) Two haploid cells
C) Four diploid cells
D) Four haploid cells
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 24

If an organism has five pairs of chromosomes, how many chromosomal combinations are possible at metaphase I of meiosis?

A) 52
B) 105
C) 510
D) 25
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 25

In a plant, which of the following is triploid (3n)?

A) Pollen grain
B) Embryo sac
C) Seed
D) Endosperm
E) None of the answers are triploid

Question 26

In plants, spores are produced by the process of .

A) Spermatogenesis
B) Meiosis
C) Mitosis
D) Binary fission
E) Oogenesis

Question 27

The process of meiosis II is similar to that of .

A) Mitosis
B) Binary fission
C) Meiosis I
D) None of the answers are correct

Question 28

Which of the following represents the correct order of events during prophase I?

A) Pachytene - diplotene - diakinesis - leptotene - zygotene
B) Leptotene - zygotene - pachytene - diplotene - diakinesis
C) Zygotene - leptotne - pachytene - diakinesis - diplotene
D) Diplotene - pachytene - leptotene - diakinesis - zygotene

Question 29

In plants, the haploid generation is called the and the diploid generation is called the .

A) Sporophyte ; spermatogenesis
B) Gametophyte ; sporophyte
C) Sporophyte ; gametophyte
D) Oogenesis ; gametophyte

Question 30

The physical structure that is formed when two chromatids cross over is called a(n) .

A) Synaptomenal complex
B) Bivalent
C) Karyotype
D) Chiasma

Question 31

A bivalent contains how many sister chromatids?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 8
D) Depends on the cell

Question 32

A pollen grain in a plant represents the .

A) male gametophyte
B) female gametophyte
C) male sporophyte
D) female sporophyte

Question 33

In animals, somatic cells are and germ cells are .

A) Diploid ; diploid
B) Diploid ; haploid
C) Haploid ; diploid
D) Haploid ; haploid

Question 34

The bivalent structure forms during which of the following?

A) Leptotene
B) Zygotene
C) Pachytene
D) Diplotene
E) Diakinesis

Question 35

During which phase the microtubules of the spindle fiber attach to the kinetochore?

A) Metaphase
B) Prometaphase
C) Telophase
D) Anaphase
E) Prophase

Question 36

The general purpose of the synaptonemal complex is to .

A) Provide a link between homologous chromosomes in meiosis
B) To enable the reformation of the cell wall during cytokinesis
C) To separate the sister chromatids during anaphase
D) To independently assort the chromosomes during metaphase of meiosis
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 37

Oogeneis is a gametogenic process following that produces .

A) Binary fission ; sperm cells
B) Mitosis ; egg cells
C) Meiosis ; egg cells
D) Meiosis ; sperm cells
E) Mitosis ; sperm cells

Question 38

Which of the following indicates the correct order of these events?

A) Anaphase - Telophase - Prophase - Prometaphase - Metaphase
B) Telophase - Prometaphase - Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase
C) Metaphase - Prometaphase - Prophase - Anaphase - Telophase
D) Prophase - Prometaphase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase

Question 39

If the gametes of an organism are different morphologically, they are said to be .

A) Isogamous
B) Heterogamous
C) Diploid
D) Haploid

Question 40

The process of crossing over occurs during which of the following?

A) Diakinesis
B) Diplotene
C) Pachytene
D) Zygotene
E) Leptotene

Question 41

If a gene is located on the X chromosome, but not the Y, it is said to be an example of .

A) Autosomal inheritance
B) Sex-linkage
C) Reciprocal cross
D) Pseudoautosomal inheritance
E) Holandric

Question 42

Which of the following is paired to its correct function?

A) Polar microtubules - separate the poles
B) Aster microtubules - positioning of the spindle apparatus
C) Kinetochore microtubules - bind kinetochore to centromere
D) All of the answers are correct

Question 43

The chromosomal theory of inheritance was first proposed by .

A) Mendel
B) Boveri and Sutton
C) Darwin and Mendel
D) Weismann and Boveri

Question 44

The first person to experimentally determine that a trait is located on a specific chromosome was .

A) Mendel
B) Boveri and Sutton
C) Weissman
D) Morgan and Bridges
E) None of the answers are correct

Question 45

Studies of X-linked inheritance and sex chromosomes provided the evidence for which of the following?

A) Chromosomal theory of inheritance
B) Particulate theory of inheritance
C) Theory of natural selection
D) Law of segregation
E) Principle of dominance

Question 46

In a Z-W system, which is considered to be the homogametic sex?

A) Males
B) Females

Question 47

In humans, which sex is considered to be the heterogametic sex?

A) Male
B) Female

Question 48

A male is produced from an unfertilized haploid egg is an example of what type of sex determination system?

A) X-Y
B) Z-W
C) X-O
D) Haplo-diploid
E) None of the answers are correct