Deck 32: Physical Activity Immobility

Question 1

A man has been admitted to the hospital unit with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via a nasal cannula. Which positioning technique will best assist him with his breathing?
1)Fowler's position
2)Sims' position
3)Prone position
4)Lateral position

Answer 1

1

Question 2

A frail, elderly man is admitted to the hospital after a fall at home resulted in a left hip fracture. After surgery, he is to begin ambulating with a walker but must avoid weight bearing on his left lower leg. What is the best intervention to help him use his walker?
1)Aerobic exercise with deep breathing
2)Quadriceps and gluteal repetitions
3)Isometric toning of lower legs
4)Arm resistance training

Answer 2

4

Question 3

To achieve balance, body mass must be distributed around which point?
1)Line of gravity
2)Center of balance
3)Center of gravity
4)Base of support

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Which would be the most appropriate goal for a frail, elderly patient with a history of emphysema and a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Injury after hip surgery?
1)Remain free from injury or falls throughout hospital stay.
2)Increase activity tolerance by discharge from hospital.
3)Demonstrate effective breathing when ambulating.
4)Increase mobility by the time of discharge from hospital.

Question 5

Identify the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for promoting the safety of a frail, elderly patient after hip replacement surgery who also has a history of emphysema.
1)Activity Intolerance related to injury
2)Impaired Mobility related to weakness
3)Risk for Injury related to medical condition
4)Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to illness

Question 6

A nurse is assessing a healthy older adult patient for an exercise program to be offered at the local hospital. During the evaluation, the nurse notes the following vital signs: pulse (P) = 72 beats/min; respiratory rate (RR) = 16 breaths/min; blood pressure (BP) = 132/70 mm Hg. After 3 minutes of moderate-intensity running on the treadmill, the patient becomes short of breath and states, "I have to stop. I can't do this anymore." The nurse measures his vital signs again: P = 152 beats/min; RR = 40 breaths/min; BP = 172/98 mm Hg. She instructs him to rest. Vital signs return to baseline after 15 minutes. The nurse should recognize his symptoms as associated with which of the following?
1)Anxiety
2)Orthostatic hypotension
3)Limited activity tolerance
4)Respiratory distress

Question 7

A nurse has been asked to design an exercise program with the goal of increasing a client's muscular strength and endurance. Which exercise program would specifically focus on meeting that goal?
1)Flexibility training
2)Resistance training
3)Aerobic conditioning
4)Anaerobic conditioning

Question 8

A teenage boy was hospitalized 3 weeks ago. He has been confined to bed throughout his hospital stay because of a crushed pelvis. His parents tell the nurse, "Our son is just staring off into space; he won't talk to us. He isn't acting like himself." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
1)"I will inform his doctor and see whether we can get your son started on an antidepressant medication."
2)"He is at a critical time in his life; teens are often moody, and being in the hospital with an injury will only make that worse."
3)"Your son had a major injury, and his immobility might be causing him to feel isolated and depressed."
4)"He is bored because he has been in the hospital for 3 weeks; I'll try to find something new for him to do."

Question 9

Which action, when demonstrated by the patient with osteoporosis, would indicate to the nurse that teaching was effective?
1)Taking a calcium supplement every day and increasing her phosphorus intake
2)Participating in an aerobic barbell strength class at the gym three times a week
3)Using a wheelchair to reduce the risk of spontaneous fractures to her legs and feet
4)Seeking healthcare by scheduling a follow-up examination with bone density testing

Question 10

Which is the best treatment to protect the integument of the patient who is frail, malnourished, and immobile?
1)Offering the patient six small meals a day
2)Turning the patient at least every 2 hours
3)Assisting the patient to sit in a chair three times a day
4)Administering fluid boluses as directed by the healthcare provider

Question 11

A healthy 32-year-old man wants to start a fitness program to increase his muscle tone and muscle strength. Based on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommendations, which advice should the nurse offer him?
1)Exercising once weekly for 20 to 30 minutes is essential to increase strength.
2)Thirty minutes of moderate physical activity three times a week is appropriate.
3)Moderately intense exercise for 1 hour three times a week will be adequate.
4)Moderate physical activity 150 to 300 minutes or more per week is needed.

Question 12

An older patient with newly diagnosed osteoporosis asks the nurse to explain her health problem. Which is the correct description of osteoporosis?
1)Loss of bone density that increases the risk of fracture
2)Degenerative joint disease that produces pain and decreased function
3)Chronic inflammatory joint disease that must be treated with steroids
4)Acute infection in the bone that must be treated with antibiotics

Question 13

A 15-year-old patient complains of left ankle pain after being tackled while playing football. He asks the nurse what tests he needs to have to determine whether he has a strain or a fracture. How should the nurse reply?
1)"You don't need tests; I can tell by the way your ankle looks and feels whether you have a strain or a fracture."
2)"Sprains, strains, and fractures have similar symptoms at first; you will need an x-ray of the joint to be certain."
3)"We will need to get a venous Doppler study to make sure that there is not a fracture."
4)"First, we need to get an MRI to determine if you have a fracture, a strain, or a sprain."

Question 14

Which type of joint are the sutures between cranial bones?
1)Diarthroses
2)Synovial
3)Amphiarthroses
4)Synarthroses

Question 15

A patient fractured her right ulna 8 weeks ago and has just had her cast removed. The orthopedic surgeon prescribes isometric exercises for the right arm. Which of the following exercises complies with the surgeon's orders?
1)Place a 5-pound dumbbell in the right hand and squeeze; hold the squeeze position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.
2)Grasping the right wrist with the left hand, move the right arm up, down, and side to side; hold each position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.
3)Grasping the right wrist with the left hand, pull the right arm across the body; hold this position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.
4)Press the right hand against a wall; hold this position for 6 to 8 seconds, and repeat 5 to 10 times.

Question 16

When caring for a patient with osteoporosis, which of the following is the most important action to take to minimize progression of the disease?
1)Take a calcium supplement twice a day.
2)Start a weight-bearing exercise program.
3)Avoid strenuous activity that puts stress on bones.
4)Schedule regular healthcare checkups.

Question 17

The nurse is helping the patient to perform leg exercises after surgery to prevent thrombophlebitis. Which type of muscle is the patient using for these exercises?
1)Skeletal
2)Smooth
3)Cardiac
4)Slow-twitch fibers

Question 18

The patient with a spinal cord injury is experiencing autonomic dysfunctions. Which is an important aspect of care to assist in managing these dysfunctions?
1)Hold the patient upright if she begins to fall until assistance arrives.
2)Ask the patient to assist with turning by holding the siderails of the bed.
3)Place the patient in a high-back reclining wheelchair which can be lowered.
4)Ask the patient if a transfer belt would be helpful to support assisted walking.

Question 19

What action is most important in limiting the nurse's risk of back injuries?
1)Use good body mechanics at all times.
2)Develop a lift team at the clinical site.
3)Avoid manual lifting by using assistive devices as often as possible.
4)Work with another nurse or an aide when lifting and turning patients.

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old male quadriplegic patient. Which of the following treatments would the nurse perform to decrease the risk of joint contracture and promote joint mobility?
1)Active range of motion (ROM)
2)Passive ROM
3)Turning the patient every 2 hours
4)Administering glucosamine supplements

Question 21

Which of the following actions represent proper body mechanics for nurses providing care as well as teaching patients about safe body movements? Select all that apply.
1)Stand with the body in alignment and erect posture.
2)Bend at the waist to lift heavy objects from the floor.
3)Use a wide base of support with your feet at shoulder width.
4)Keep objects close to your body when carrying them.
5)Use a soft mattress to allow for the muscles to rest adequately.

Question 22

Which type of exercise is performed by using specialized apparatuses that use resistance at a constant, preset speed?
1)Isokinetic
2)Isometric
3)Isotonic
4)Isomorphic

Question 23

The patient who is on extended bedrest and experiencing constipation requests a fiber supplement. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
1)"I will need to see if you have any allergies before I order a fiber supplement for you."
2)"That is a good choice to manage constipation. I will contact the physician."
3)"A fiber supplement won't be very effective; we need to get you moving soon."
4)"A stool softener could be used in place of a fiber supplement. Let's try that medication now."

Question 24

When encouraging a fitness program for healthy older adults, what must the nurse consider?
1)Older adults should engage in 75 to 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week.
2)More than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity can be harmful to bones.
3)Structured fitness programs achieve greater health benefits for older adults.
4)Older adults at risk for falling should do activities that maintain or improve balance.

Question 25

Which of the following body systems must interact to produce mobility and locomotion? Select all that apply.
1)Digestive system
2)Muscles
3)Skeleton
4)Nervous system
5)Endocrine system

Question 26

A patient has started a fitness program. Which program features illustrate that he has started a well-rounded program? Select all that apply.
1)Flexibility training
2)Balance exercises
3)Resistance training
4)Aerobic conditioning
5)Isotonic exercises

Question 27

Which of the following patients would you expect to be at risk for decreased activity? Select all that apply.
1)Older adult who walks at the mall for physical activity
2)Someone living in a skilled nursing facility
3)Healthy adult who works as a computer programmer
4)Obese child who enjoys video games
5)The patient with impaired arterial circulation

Question 28

An 82-year-old patient is unsteady on her feet when walking about the room. She reports feeling a little sore but has no complaints of weakness. Which is the appropriate piece of equipment to use when helping her ambulate?
1)Crutches
2)Transfer belt
3)Cane
4)Walker

Question 29

The nurse assessing the mobility of a patient with Parkinson's disease might expect to observe which type of gait?
1)Antalgic
2)Propulsive
3)Scissors
4)Steppage

Question 30

The nurse is instructing a patient about the need to replace fluid before, during, and after exercise to avoid dehydration. On what basis should she teach the patient to determine the amount of fluid to consume? Select all that apply.
1)Duration of exercise
2)Environmental temperature
3)Level of fitness
4)Degree of thirst
5)Intensity of exercise

Question 31

The nurse is helping an 82-year-old patient to ambulate in the hallway. Suddenly, she states, "I feel so light-headed and weak," as her knees begin to buckle. Which is the best action by the nurse at this time?
1)Instruct the patient to grab the rail in the hallway while he calls for assistance
2)Immediately release the transfer device and place a wheelchair behind the patient
3)Assist the patient to slide down his leg as he guides her to a seated or lying position
4)Grasp her under the arms and across the chest to hold her up as he calls for assistance

Question 32

The nurse providing care to the patient with a fracture explains how bones heal. Which type of cells will the nurse indicate repairs damaged bone and builds new bone to keep the skeleton strong?
1)Amphiarthroses
2)Articular cartilage
3)Osteoblasts
4)Osteoclasts

Question 33

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, which of the following statements about the benefits of physical activity is correct?
1)Lesser amounts of activity provide little to no health benefits.
2)Physical activity in excess of recommendations for age is harmful.
3)The risks of participating in physical activity outweigh the health benefits.
4)Physical activity should be enjoyable, and a variety will improve adherence.

Question 34

A woman with a high-risk pregnancy with triplets is in preterm labor; she is on strict bedrest for 5 days. During this time, she has not had a bowel movement, although she normally passes stool daily. She describes feeling bloated and uncomfortable. What information should the nurse give the patient when explaining constipation?
1)Immobility often causes constipation.
2)A low-fiber diet will resolve the problem.
3)A stool softener daily will relieve the problem.
4)Use of a bedpan results in bloating and constipation.

Question 35

A 32-year-old with a high spinal cord injury has been admitted to the hospital for antibiotic therapy to treat pneumonia. He lives independently and has developed strong upper-body strength to maximize his independence. Which transfer device should be used when transferring him from the bed to his wheelchair?
1)Mechanical lift
2)Transfer belt
3)Draw sheet
4)Transfer board

Question 36

The nurse attempts to transfer a totally dependent patient from a stretcher to a bed. What is the best action to reduce the musculoskeletal risk factors for the nurse?
1)Use a mechanical lift to transfer the patient.
2)Use a wide base of support when transferring.
3)Ask a coworker to help transfer the patient.
4)Use transfer roller sheet when transferring.