Deck 9: Life Span: Infancy Through Middle Adulthood

Question 1

The nurse is interviewing the parents of an infant. One parent states, "I was not raised in a family of faith, and I don't know how to give that to my child." Using James Fowler's Spiritual Development Theory, which information does the nurse provide?
1)The stages of faith development are closely associated with evolving cognitive abilities.
2)Faith, for a child, requires the ability to use logic and hypothetical thinking.
3)In a family of faith, a child reaches high levels of faith refinement in adolescence.
4)Parents without a personal understanding of faith will need professional assistance.

Answer 1

1

Question 2

According to Erikson, which behavior demonstrates an important psychosocial task for a toddler to exhibit?
1)Acting defiantly by refusing to hold a parent's hand while crossing the street
2)Recognizing that it is wrong to take a toy away from someone else
3)Displaying an ability to understand the concept of time in hours
4)Expressing to parents and playmates when something is disliked

Answer 2

1

Question 3

The nurse in a pediatric clinic is performing a developmental assessment on a toddler who is a regular client. Over a period of months, the nurse notices the toddler's inability to walk without holding on to something and poor pincer grasp. The parent states, "There is nothing wrong with my child. We just need to give him more time." Which developmental principle does the nurse convey to the parent using Havighurst's Developmental Task Theory?
1)Many infants and toddlers will lag behind in physical development.
2)Failure to master a task leads to difficulty mastering future tasks.
3)Young children often require additional time for developmental tasks.
4)Concerns about early cognitive and physiological tasks are unfounded.

Answer 3

2

Question 4

The nurse teaches the parent of a preschool-age child about expected development. Which comment by the parent indicates understanding of the information?
1)"She understands that the monsters in books are not real."
2)"When I mention her birthday is in a week, she understands."
3)"I am saving to buy her the roller skates she's been asking for."
4)"I can't expect her to understand why a friend doesn't agree with her."

Question 5

The nurse is presenting material to a class of 9- to 11-year-old children. Which is the most important topic for the nurse to present for this age group?
1)Safe sex practices
2)Healthy food choices
3)Use of seat belts and safety equipment
4)The importance of getting enough sleep

Question 6

A mother watches the nurse perform an assessment on her newborn and asks the nurse why the nurse is doing things like stroking the bottom of the newborn's feet. Which response by the nurse is correct?
1)"Just checking the blood flow to your baby's feet to make sure it's normal."
2)"Testing to see if your baby's neuromuscular system is fully developed."
3)"Evaluating to see if your baby has the reflex responses we anticipate."
4)"Determining if your baby has normal sensation in his feet."

Question 7

Which action is an example of a school-aged child meeting a psychosocial development task?
1)Wants to show off the latest mastered bicycle trick
2)Becomes interested in friendships with the opposite sex
3)Starts to see the value of making good decisions
4)Wants to buy the same jacket bought by a friend

Question 8

Which behavior by the parent does the nurse recognize as having the most impact on an infant developing trust?
1)Talking to the infant
2)Breastfeeding instead of bottle feeding
3)Responding promptly to the infant's crying
4)Having the infant sleep in the same room as the parents

Question 9

The nurse is performing physical assessment on a female client who is in her early 50s. Which comment made by the client is a cue indicating the need for further assessment for a problem?
1)"My skin is so dry I need to use lotion every day after I bathe."
2)"I have episodes when I feel really hot even when others are not."
3)"It's getting harder to lift those big bags of dog food."
4)"I have to write myself notes because I'm getting so forgetful."

Question 10

A parent brings a toddler to the clinic for well-child care. Which is most important for the nurse to assess?
1)How successful the child is with potty training
2)How the child acts when you enter the room
3)Whether the child is using eating utensils
4)Whether the home is childproofed

Question 11

The nurse conducts a class on health promotion for a group of young male adults. Which comment indicates to the nurse the teaching is effective?
1)"I need to get screened for colon cancer."
2)"I am going to continue doing testicular self-exams."
3)"I will request a prostate check at my annual exam."
4)"I have no need to do breast self-exams until I am 40."

Question 12

The nurse is interviewing a middle-aged adult. Which comment by the client does the nurse recognize as being representative of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
1)"I look in the mirror and just see an old person."
2)"The best part of life is over, and my years are numbered."
3)"I take pride in all that I have accomplished during life."
4)"Finally, I feel I have a relationship that will last forever."

Question 13

A 38-year-old client comes into the clinic for a health examination. The nurse is aware of the psychosocial development tasks and common health problems for this age group. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask?
1)Whether the client has episodes of feeling depressed
2)Whether the client practices safe sex
3)About the client's exercise habits
4)About the health history of the client's parents

Question 14

A parent comes to the clinic with a 1-week-old infant for a newborn checkup. The parent tells the nurse, "My baby looks yellow to me." Which is the nurse's best response?
1)"What type of detergent are you using to wash the baby's clothes?"
2)"Is there a possibility you had hepatitis during your pregnancy?"
3)"The color is from the breakdown of maternal red blood cells."
4)"There is a cream you can use to reduce the yellowing."

Question 15

A parent brings a 5-year-old male child to the healthcare clinic for a regular health visit prior to kindergarten admission. Which comment by the parent indicates the need for follow-up questions by the nurse?
1)"He is not a good child like my firstborn."
2)"I've had to do lice treatments a couple of times."
3)"He has an imaginary friend called Buddy."
4)"He is so funny when imitating his father."

Question 16

Which consideration does the nurse recognize as being a typical priority for an adolescent?
1)Importance of being a good student
2)Conflict about being sexually active
3)Being picked to be on the soccer team
4)The ability to function independently

Question 17

A parent brings an 8-month-old infant to the healthcare clinic for a well-child appointment. Which consideration does the nurse use to compare the child's physical development with age-appropriate norms?
1)If the child walks while holding onto furniture
2)If the child crawls on hands and knees
3)If the child picks up food with fingers
4)If the child sits up without support

Question 18

The nurse works in a pediatric emergency department. During the nurse's shift, a 6-year-old child arrives with a parent. The nurse notices bruises on the child, and the parent avoids answering any questions about them. Which is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
1)Contact a child abuse hotline.
2)Notify the physician.
3)Contact the nurse's supervisor.
4)Continue to ask the mother more questions.

Question 19

The nurse is providing prenatal counseling for a couple who is trying to become pregnant. The priority for the nurse is to include which information?
1)Stages of growth and development of the fetus
2)Recommended schedule of visits to her healthcare provider
3)Recommended average weight gain during pregnancy
4)Healthy eating habits before and during pregnancy

Question 20

The nurse is instructing a group of parents about common adolescent behavior. Which comment by a parent indicates an urgent need for further discussion?
1)"I guess my daughter won't be asking my opinion very much."
2)"I'm really going to watch my daughter's eating habits."
3)"We are really going to have to think about rules we want to enforce after he gets his driver's license."
4)"We don't keep alcohol in the house, so that's at least one thing we don't need to worry about."

Question 21

A sexually active high school student is asking about contraceptive devices. Which comment by the student indicates to the nurse that the student understands the information provided? Select all that apply.
1)"Condoms are a foolproof method of preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV/AIDS."
2)"Oral sex does not put me at risk for STIs, so condoms are not needed."
3)"STIs are major health consequences especially with unprotected sexual activity."
4)"Consistent and effective use of condoms can help prevent pregnancy."
5)"Avoiding vaginal sex is an effective way to prevent STIs and HIV/AIDS."

Question 22

A 12-year-old child diagnosed with cancer is hospitalized for the first time. Considering many children in this age group have a fear of hospitals, which strategies will the nurse use to help the child during hospitalization? Select all that apply.
1)Encourage visits from friends.
2)Ask the parents to bring in personal items from home.
3)Maintain a strict daily routine to keep the child focused.
4)Limit parental responsibilities for the child's care.
5)Provide medical equipment for pretend activities.

Question 23

A 52-year-old female comes to the office for her routine yearly physical examination. As part of the nurse's assessment, which physical change in women of this age group is most expected?
1)Graying hair
2)Breast cancer
3)Menopause
4)Mood swings

Question 24

The nurse is providing information to a parent group of adolescent children about body piercings and tattoos. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
1)Body piercing and tattooing often indicate low self-esteem.
2)Tattoos and piercings can be a source of hepatitis.
3)Tattoos and piercings carry a high risk of skin infections.
4)Body piercings and tattoos are indications of drug abuse.
5)Body piercings and tattoos indicate psychosocial problems.

Question 25

A 16-year-old male tells the nurse, "For weeks now, I am just not interested in doing anything, and I've stopped all my sports activities. I just feel sad all the time, and I just don't want to go on." The nurse completes an assessment and begins to develop a plan of care. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention at this time?
1)Inform the patient you will be contacting his parents.
2)Inform the patient you are completing a mental health referral.
3)Teach the patient about coping strategies.
4)Contact the patient's teachers for further information.

Question 26

The parents of an adolescent client ask about strategies to use to aid in obesity prevention. Which strategies does the nurse present to the parents? Select all that apply.
1)Maintain a well-balanced diet, but eat smaller portions.
2)Teach the adolescent how to recognize healthier snacks.
3)Do not eat fast foods or drink sodas.
4)Try to have 30 minutes of outdoor activity every day.
5)Follow a popular diet trend (e.g., low-carbohydrate diet).

Question 27

The nurse is preparing a health promotion class for middle-aged males. As part of the teaching plan, the nurse will provide information on which common health problems associated with this age group? Select all that apply.
1)Cardiovascular disease
2)Cancer
3)Alcoholism
4)Obesity
5)Sports injuries

Question 28

The nurse from the local high school is giving a presentation to 16-year-olds on the risks associated with driving. Which information does the nurse include in the presentation as high-risk activities for causing motor vehicle crashes? Select all that apply.
1)Listening to the radio
2)Talking with passengers
3)Texting
4)Drinking alcohol
5)Eating snacks

Question 29

An adolescent, single mother of a 2-month-old infant comes to the clinic and tells the nurse, "Sometimes no matter what I do, my baby won't stop crying, and I hold him up in the air and shake him until he stops." Based on these statements by the mother, which is the first action by the nurse?
1)Teach the mother about the dangers of shaking a baby.
2)Report child abuse to the appropriate authorities.
3)Teach the mother other methods to stop the baby from crying.
4)Encourage the mother to obtain more support from a significant other.

Question 30

A 30-year-old female comes to the emergency department with visible bruises to her face and arms. She tells the nurse: "My husband has been hitting me." Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
1)"Would you like me to contact our domestic violence advocate for you?"
2)"These issues are between you and your husband, but a social worker may be helpful."
3)"Is this the first time this has happened, or is this an ongoing issue?"
4)"The doctor will need to check you before we go any further."

Question 31

The pediatric nurse is presenting information about teeth brushing to a preschooler class. Prior to the start of class, the nurse spends some time meeting and talking with the students. Which statement(s) by the preschoolers indicates normal development for this group? Select all that apply.
1)"I am going to read my book. I love my book."
2)"You should never steal anything from anyone."
3)"Water and ice are really not the same."
4)"I can count to 20 without any help."
5)"I already know how to brush my teeth."

Question 32

The nurse is beginning a routine assessment on a client who is 3 years of age. Which is the most appropriate action by the nurse to gain trust and cooperation from the child?
1)Explain to the child what is going to be done at the visit.
2)Allow the child to control the pace of the assessment.
3)Encourage the parents to leave the room during the assessment.
4)Play a game of ball with the child.