Deck 12: Decisions, Goals, and Actions

Question 1

The three brain networks underlying attention described by Posner and colleagues are:

A) Working memory, attention, and volitional control
B) Alerting, orienting, and executive
C) Conscious, unconscious, and intuitive
D) Attention, alerting, and recalling

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Executive control in the brain is described as

A) both localized and highly distributed
B) relying upon the medial temporal lobes
C) both adaptive and veridical
D) rarely impaired by brain damage

Answer 2

A

Question 3

"Memories of the future" refers to the ability to make plans and then to follow them to guide behavior, saving mental images of the future to memory. This ability is a characteristic of what makes humans ___ beings rather than compared to other mammals.

A) counteractive, active
B) responsive, reactive
C) active, reactive
D) reflective, counteractive

Answer 3

C

Question 4

"Mental flexibility" refers to the

A) capacity to respond to unanticipated events
B) ability of the cortex to develop new cells throughout the lifetime, even after brain damage
C) ability to decode ambiguous events
D) brain's large-capacity cognitive processes

Question 5

Which of the following is not one of the major portions of the prefrontal cortex PFC)?

A) ventromedial
B) dorsolateral
C) rostrocaudal
D) orbitofrontal

Question 6

The term "silent lobes" has been used for the frontal lobes because

A) they are not involved in speech production
B) they "silence" other lobes of the brain through inhibition
C) they rarely communicate with other lobes
D) they do not have an easily defined function

Question 7

Which of these involve the prefrontal cortex?

A) You scan your bedroom looking for your black sweater.
B) You decide that you want to go bowling Friday night.
C) You make a new year's resolution to eat healthier.
D) all of the above

Question 8

Humans, primates, dolphins and whales all have large brains. What differences might you expect to find?

A) an enlarged prefrontal cortex in all of these animals
B) an enlarged prefrontal cortex in the primates and enlarged parietal lobe in aquatic mammals
C) an enlarged prefrontal cortex in the aquatic mammals and an enlarged parietal lobe in the primates
D) an enlarged occipitotemporal lobe in all of these animals

Question 9

To study mental flexibility in patients with frontal lobe impairments you would likely use a

A) cognitive bias task
B) blindsight task
C) visual search task
D) Wisconsin Card Sorting task

Question 10

Two common frontal lobe syndromes are

A) blindsight and Alzheimer's disease
B) anterograde and retrograde amnesia
C) dorsolateral and orbitofrontal syndromes
D) agnosia and prosopagnosia