Deck 19: Encouraging Creativity and Innovation

Question 1

The establishment,development,and growth of the total quality management (TQM)movement throughout the world is largely credited to the United States.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Employees who are more likely to think creatively under low time-pressure show creative thinking that is more oriented toward identifying problems than generating or exploring ideas.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

If organization members have jobs that stretch their abilities too little,they can easily become bored on the job and distracted from being creative.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In the past,many managers believed that organization members normally generated their best creative ideas when operating under tight time constraints.

Question 5

According to Deming,employees have the primary responsibility for achieving product quality.

Question 6

Identifying job candidates who are creative and hiring them is one of the more easily implemented steps for increasing organizational creativity.

Question 7

According to W.Edwards Deming,top management must be dedicated to having customers receive products as promised.

Question 8

The reengineering improvements process emphasizes integrating the results of parallel activities instead of linking them.

Question 9

Creativity can be sufficiently analyzed from an organization's perspective in terms of originality or newness.

Question 10

Expertise is the component of creativity that refers to an individual's need or passion to be creative.

Question 11

Managers should surround non-creative employees with creative employees so that creativity can rub off on the non-creative employees.

Question 12

The first step in the incremental improvement process involves organizing a quality improvement team.

Question 13

Expertise and creative thinking are the individual's raw materials for being creative,but motivation determines whether an individual will actually be creative.

Question 14

According to the reengineering improvements process,work should be organized around outcomes rather than tasks.

Question 15

Developing is defined as that step of the innovation process that makes a new idea practical.

Question 16

Creative thinking pertains to work-related techniques and procedures as well as a thorough understanding of overall work circumstances.

Question 17

Managers can ensure the generation of creativity by making work groups more diverse.

Question 18

An individual can be driven to be creative either intrinsically through organizational rewards and punishments,or extrinsically through personal interest and passion related to a situation.

Question 19

In the reengineering improvements process,those who use the output of a process are required to perform the process.

Question 20

An organization that is innovative but not creative is characterized by a fertile source of good ideas,but lacking in the ability to make the ideas tangible.

Question 21

Creative thinking under extreme time pressure is more likely when people feel as if they are on ________.

A)a shoestring
B)a tight leash
C)a mission
D)an expedition
E)a treadmill

Question 22

________ determines how flexibly and imaginatively individuals approach problems.

A)Expertise
B)Creative thinking
C)Confidence
D)Knowledge
E)Motivation

Question 23

Which of the following is characteristic of a person who is more likely to think creatively under high time pressure?

A)He or she receives little encouragement from senior management to be creative.
B)He or she tends to have more meetings and discussions with groups rather than with individuals.
C)He or she is less likely to engage in less collaborative work overall.
D)He or she can focus on one activity for a significant part of the day as he or she is undisturbed or protected.
E)He or she does not get the sense that the work he or she is doing is important.

Question 24

Which of the following is an intrinsic source of motivation for a creative individual?

A)organizational rewards
B)incentives
C)promotions
D)punishments
E)personal interest

Question 25

Which of the following components of creativity refers to the capacity to put existing ideas together in new combinations?

A)expertise
B)motivation
C)confidence
D)creative thinking
E)knowledge

Question 26

Which of the following is an extrinsic source of motivation for a creative individual?

A)passion related to a situation
B)personal interest
C)desire to succeed
D)organizational rewards
E)challenge of the work

Question 27

________ is the component of creativity that refers to an individual's need or passion to be creative.

A)Motivation
B)Creative thinking
C)Expertise
D)Experience
E)Confidence

Question 28

________ is a component of creativity that refers to everything an individual knows and can do in the broad domain of his or her work.

A)Creative thinking
B)Reasoning
C)Expertise
D)Perception
E)Motivation

Question 29

Which of the following components of creativity determines if an individual will actually be creative?

A)experience
B)motivation
C)expertise
D)logic
E)reasoning

Question 30

________ is commonly discussed as a critical resource that fuels creativity in organization members.

A)Knowledge
B)Relevant skill
C)Motivation
D)Innovation
E)Appropriate time

Question 31

Which of the following is considered to be a raw material for creativity?

A)passion
B)expertise
C)motivation
D)interest
E)drive

Question 32

Which of the following metaphors best describes the feeling of people who are more likely to think creatively under low time pressure?

A)on a tight leash
B)on a mission
C)on a treadmill
D)on an expedition
E)on autopilot

Question 33

Which of the following steps taken by managers to stimulate creativity is considered the most effective?

A)giving employees complete freedom to influence the process used to perform their jobs
B)providing an appropriate level of job-related challenge
C)affording appropriate time to perform a job optimally
D)establishing work groups to achieve greater diversity
E)promoting information sharing and collaboration as related to solving organizational problems

Question 34

According to the time-pressure/creativity matrix,people who feel as if they are on autopilot ________.

A)focus on one activity for a significant part of the day because they are undisturbed or protected
B)believe that they are doing important work and report feeling positively challenged by and involved in the work
C)show creative thinking that is equally oriented toward identifying problems and generating or exploring ideas
D)receive little encouragement from senior management to be creative
E)tend to collaborate with one person rather than with a group

Question 35

According to the time-pressure/creativity matrix,employees who receive little encouragement from senior management to be creative and engage in less collaborative work overall are likely to feel as if they are on ________.

A)autopilot
B)a treadmill
C)a tight leash
D)an expedition
E)a mission

Question 36

Which of the following is characteristic of a person who is more likely to think creatively under low time pressure?

A)He or she experiences a highly fragmented workday,with many different activities.
B)He or she does not get the sense that the work he or she is doing is important.
C)He or she feels more pressed for time than when "on a mission" even though the work was for the same number of hours.
D)He or she tends to collaborate with one person rather than with a group.
E)He or she experiences lots of last-minute changes in plans and schedules.

Question 37

Creative thinking under extreme time pressure is unlikely when people feel as if they are on ________.

A)a stroll in the park
B)a mission
C)autopilot
D)an expedition
E)a treadmill

Question 38

According to the time-pressure/creativity matrix,if employees feel like they are on a treadmill,they are most likely to ________.

A)receive little encouragement from senior management to be creative
B)focus on one activity for a significant part of the day because they are undisturbed or protected
C)collaborate with one person rather than with a group
D)experience a highly fragmented workday,with many different activities
E)believe that they are doing important work and report feeling positively challenged by the work

Question 39

________ is the ability to generate original ideas or new perspectives on existing ideas.

A)Logical thinking
B)Interpretation
C)Creativity
D)Perception
E)Comprehension

Question 40

Which of the following characteristics is attributed to employees who,according to the time-pressure/creativity matrix,feel as if they are on an expedition?

A)showing creative thinking that is more oriented toward generating or exploring ideas than identifying problems
B)tending to have more meetings and discussions with groups rather than with individuals
C)receiving little encouragement from senior management to be creative
D)experiencing highly fragmented workdays,with many different activities
E)feeling more pressed for time than when they are "on a mission" even though they work the same number of hours

Question 41

Which of the following steps of the innovation process establishes a new idea that could help the organization be more successful?

A)developing
B)diffusing
C)inventing
D)integrating
E)monitoring

Question 42

________ ideas are ideas that focus on invention relating to the way in which the organization is supervised.

A)Management
B)Process
C)Technology
D)Service
E)Product

Question 43

Which of the following steps in the innovation process involves making a new idea practical?

A)inventing
B)developing
C)diffusing
D)integrating
E)monitoring

Question 44

________ ideas are ideas that focus on inventions for improving a manufacturing practice or procedure.

A)Product
B)Technology
C)Process
D)Service
E)Management

Question 45

Which of the following firms is considered to be the most innovative company?

A)General Electric
B)LG Electronics
C)Apple
D)Sony
E)Amazon

Question 46

________ is the step of the innovation process in which a newly implemented idea is tracked to determine if and when the idea should be improved or terminated.

A)Integrating
B)Monitoring
C)Diffusing
D)Inventing
E)Developing

Question 47

________ is defined as the step of the innovation process that establishes an invention as a permanent part of the organization.

A)Inventing
B)Developing
C)Integrating
D)Diffusing
E)Monitoring

Question 48

Which of the following statements is true of the link between innovation and creativity?

A)Creativity involves turning a new idea into new or improved processes,products,or services that promote the attainment of organizational goals.
B)Organizations can be either innovative or creative,but can never be both at the same time.
C)An organization that is innovative but not creative is characterized by a fertile source of good ideas,but lacking in the ability to make the ideas tangible.
D)An organization that is creative but not innovative is characterized by the ability to turn ideas into tangible benefit,but lacking good ideas to make tangible.
E)The ideas on which innovation is based come from creativity in the organization,whereby those ideas are turned into something tangible that benefits the organization.

Question 49

Faced with increasing competition from Facebook,Twitter,and other social networking sites,Google decided that it needed its own presence in the social networking site scene.Following brainstorming sessions,Google came up with the idea of Buzz.The Google team released application programming interfaces (APIs)to allow third-party developers to create applications on the Buzz platform and also homed in on features such as sharing links,photos,videos,status messages,and comments for Buzz.A beta version of Buzz that would come integrated with the company's Web-based email program,Gmail,was announced in February 2010.After testing user reaction to the new message tool,Google rolls out the code complete Buzz release.It continues to offer newer features that are integrated with Buzz every so often and is always on the lookout to address any user concerns about privacy that dogged the application in the early days of its inception.
Which of the following statements best corresponds to the inventing step of the innovation process?

A)Google decides to create Buzz in response to competition from Facebook and other social networking sites.
B)Google's team creates APIs for third-party applications.
C)Google releases the beta version of Buzz for usability testing.
D)Google rolls out final code complete version of Buzz for users,rid of bugs and defects.
E)Google continues to add newer features and widgets to the Buzz platform and addresses user concerns.

Question 50

Which of the following characteristics is typically attributed to a creative person?

A)unemotional
B)orthodox
C)moderately concerned with failure
D)extroverted
E)intolerant of ambiguity

Question 51

Which of the following is an example of a topic that management ideas encompass in the invention stage of the innovation process?

A)promoting products in the marketplace
B)redesigning organizational structure
C)restyling workstations to make employees more productive
D)adopting robotics to make a manufacturing process more efficient
E)employing barcoding to better manage inventory

Question 52

Which of the following is an example of a topic that technology ideas encompass in the invention stage of the innovation process?

A)promoting products in the market
B)redesigning organizational structure
C)employing barcoding to better manage inventory
D)redesigning workstations to make employees more productive
E)improving human resource management

Question 53

________ is defined as the step of the innovation process that puts a new idea to use by end users or customers.

A)Diffusing
B)Inventing
C)Developing
D)Monitoring
E)Integrating

Question 54

Which of the following is an example of a topic that process ideas encompass in the invention stage of the innovation process?

A)redesigning workstations to make workers more productive
B)improving human resource management
C)changing organizational leadership
D)promoting products in the marketplace
E)distributing,packaging,and advertising products

Question 55

________ is defined as the steps managers take to implement creative ideas.

A)Brainstorming
B)Ideation
C)Innovation process
D)Mentation
E)Intellection

Question 56

Which of the following is an example of a topic that product ideas encompass in the invention stage of the innovation process?

A)redesigning workstations to make workers more productive
B)pricing,packaging,and distribution
C)changing organizational leadership
D)refining competitive strategy
E)improving human resource management

Question 57

From a management viewpoint,the process of applying a new idea to the improvement of organizational processes,products,or services is known as ________.

A)creativity
B)innovation
C)brainstorming
D)groupthink
E)configuration

Question 58

________ ideas are ideas that focus on invention that develops new offerings,or enhances existing offerings by the organization.

A)Technology
B)Process
C)Management
D)Product
E)Infrastructure

Question 59

Faced with increasing competition from Facebook,Twitter,and other social networking sites,Google decided that it needed its own presence in the social networking site scene.Following brainstorming sessions,Google came up with the idea of Buzz.The Google team released application programming interfaces (APIs)to allow third-party developers to create applications on the Buzz platform and also homed in on features such as sharing links,photos,videos,status messages,and comments for Buzz.A beta version of Buzz that would come integrated with the company's Web-based email program,Gmail,was announced in February 2010.After testing user reaction to the new message tool,Google rolls out the code complete Buzz release.It continues to offer newer features that are integrated with Buzz every so often and is always on the lookout to address any user concerns about privacy that dogged the application in the early days of its inception.
Which of the following statements best corresponds to the developing step of the innovation process?

A)Google decides to create Buzz in response to competition from Facebook and other social networking sites.
B)Google's team creates APIs for third-party applications.
C)Google releases the beta version of Buzz for usability testing.
D)Google rolls out final code complete version of Buzz for users,rid of bugs and defects.
E)Google continues to add newer features and widgets to the Buzz platform and addresses user concerns.

Question 60

Using videoconferencing to help organization members across the globe communicate more effectively is an example of a(n)________.

A)management idea
B)infrastructure idea
C)technology idea
D)process idea
E)product idea

Question 61

Wayne Thomas has recently taken over as head of quality assurance at Talladega Motors with the aim to overhaul the quality improvement procedures in place.After extensive studies conducted on the operations of the organization,Wayne decides that the company will have to proceed with a reengineering approach for quality improvement.Which of the following actions is Wayne most likely to initiate in keeping with the decision to reengineer the quality management system?

A)reorganizing work around different tasks,such as procurement,assembly,and testing
B)outsourcing the purchasing and accounting functions of the production department in order to streamline the production process
C)providing each of the company's five manufacturing plants with an autonomous purchasing department to improve responsiveness to local manufacturing needs
D)building control into the process by vesting greater decision-making authority with divisional supervisors at the manufacturing plants
E)segregating the production processes for engines,chassis,and other spares,and assembling the final product only at the final stage

Question 62

Successful TQM efforts typically result in ________.

A)diverse work groups
B)retention of creative employees
C)enriched innovation
D)improved technology ideas
E)lower product liability costs

Question 63

________ is defined as how closely and reliably a product satisfies its specifications.

A)Value
B)Design
C)Novelty
D)Quality
E)Aesthetics

Question 64

Which of the following is one of the principles of reengineering,as outlined by Michael Hammer?

A)Work should be organized around tasks,rather than outcomes.
B)Information-processing work should be carried out separately from the real work that produces the information.
C)Geographically dispersed resources must be treated as though they are decentralized and autonomous.
D)Parallel activities should be linked instead of integrating their results.
E)Control should be built into processes by keeping the decision point apart from where the work is performed.

Question 65

________ involves taking a concept or a product created for a very specific use and extending it to a new,often larger,audience.

A)Inventing
B)Developing
C)Reverse innovation
D)Diffusing
E)Integrating

Question 66

Faced with increasing competition from Facebook,Twitter,and other social networking sites,Google decided that it needed its own presence in the social networking site scene.Following brainstorming sessions,Google came up with the idea of Buzz.The Google team released application programming interfaces (APIs)to allow third-party developers to create applications on the Buzz platform and also homed in on features such as sharing links,photos,videos,status messages,and comments for Buzz.A beta version of Buzz that would come integrated with the company's Web-based email program,Gmail,was announced in February 2010.After testing user reaction to the new message tool,Google rolls out the code complete Buzz release.It continues to offer newer features that are integrated with Buzz every so often and is always on the lookout to address any user concerns about privacy that dogged the application in the early days of its inception.
Which of the following statements best corresponds to the integrating step of the innovation process?

A)Google decides to create Buzz in response to competition from Facebook and other social networking sites.
B)Google's team creates APIs for third-party applications.
C)Google releases the beta version of Buzz for usability testing.
D)Google rolls out final code complete version of Buzz for users,rid of bugs and defects.
E)Google continues to add newer features and widgets to the Buzz platform and addresses user concerns.

Question 67

According to Deming,the way to achieve product quality is by ________.

A)depending on inspections in order to improve quality of the product
B)making use of management by objectives in all departments of an organization
C)having clear barriers between the various branches of an organization
D)using more than two suppliers and process methods for a single product
E)continuously improving the design and manufacturing process of a product

Question 68

Faced with increasing competition from Facebook,Twitter,and other social networking sites,Google decided that it needed its own presence in the social networking site scene.Following brainstorming sessions,Google came up with the idea of Buzz.The Google team released application programming interfaces (APIs)to allow third-party developers to create applications on the Buzz platform and also homed in on features such as sharing links,photos,videos,status messages,and comments for Buzz.A beta version of Buzz that would come integrated with the company's Web-based email program,Gmail,was announced in February 2010.After testing user reaction to the new message tool,Google rolls out the code complete Buzz release.It continues to offer newer features that are integrated with Buzz every so often and is always on the lookout to address any user concerns about privacy that dogged the application in the early days of its inception.
Which of the following statements best corresponds to the diffusing step of the innovation process?

A)Google decides to create Buzz in response to competition from Facebook and other social networking sites.
B)Google's team creates APIs for third-party applications.
C)Google releases the beta version of Buzz for usability testing.
D)Google rolls out final code complete version of Buzz for users,rid of bugs and defects.
E)Google continues to add newer features and widgets to the Buzz platform and addresses user concerns.

Question 69

The most prestigious award instituted to recognize those organizations that produce exceptionally high-quality products and services is the ________.

A)Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award
B)Larry Goill Awards for Quality Management Ideas
C)Deming Award
D)Shingo Prize
E)European Foundation for Quality Management Excellence Award

Question 70

In the incremental improvement process,after the improvement "theme" has been identified,the next step is to ________.

A)identify benchmarks
B)organize a quality improvement team
C)perform an analysis of current performance
D)undertake a pilot study
E)identify how improvement is required

Question 71

Which of the following statements is true of the reengineering improvements process?

A)The reengineering approach prescribes that those who use the output of a process should perform the process themselves.
B)Reengineering improvements involves making several sequential improvements in quality one thing at a time.
C)Reengineering improvements dictates that organizations separate decision authority from the actual work.
D)In contrast to incremental improvements,reengineering does away with the concept of teams representing the functional units in the process to be reengineered.
E)Hammer's model of reengineering improvements recommends that information-processing work must be insulated from the real work involved in producing the information.

Question 72

Which of the following is a creative idea for enhancing organizational success based on Crosby's thoughts on total quality management?

A)Use product inspections to improve the manufacturing process and reduce costs.
B)Eliminate production processes based simply on producing a quota.
C)Begin each management meeting with a factual and financial review of quality.
D)Create production processes based upon learning how to improve the processes.
E)Abolish organizational bias toward handling quality issues immediately.

Question 73

________ is the continuous process of involving all organization members in ensuring that every activity related to the production of goods or services has an appropriate role in establishing product quality.

A)Customer relationship management
B)Enterprise resource planning
C)Supply chain management
D)Total quality management
E)Warehouse management

Question 74

The first step in the incremental improvement process is ________.

A)choosing an improvement area
B)organizing a quality improvement team
C)identifying amount of improvement required to match best performance
D)performing an analysis of the current performance
E)performing a pilot study to selected remedies to the problem

Question 75

According to Deming,which of the following is a creative idea for enhancing organizational success?

A)Create relevant policies on quality management that are clear and unambiguous.
B)Develop communications systems that allow managers to respond immediately to quality issues.
C)Encourage self-development of workers as more useful players in maintaining quality.
D)Begin each management meeting with a factual and financial review of quality.
E)Dedicate the quality management function to measuring conformance to requirements.

Question 76

Which of the following is the most widely known award in the United States that recognizes those organizations that produce exceptionally high-quality products and services?

A)the Deming Award
B)the Shingo Prize
C)the President's Quality Award
D)Goethals Medal
E)the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

Question 77

________ is presented as the degree of excellence on which products or services can be ranked on the basis of selected features.

A)Design
B)Quality
C)Aesthetics
D)Practicality
E)Novelty

Question 78

Faced with increasing competition from Facebook,Twitter,and other social networking sites,Google decided that it needed its own presence in the social networking site scene.Following brainstorming sessions,Google came up with the idea of Buzz.The Google team released application programming interfaces (APIs)to allow third-party developers to create applications on the Buzz platform and also homed in on features such as sharing links,photos,videos,status messages,and comments for Buzz.A beta version of Buzz that would come integrated with the company's Web-based email program,Gmail,was announced in February 2010.After testing user reaction to the new message tool,Google rolls out the code complete Buzz release.It continues to offer newer features that are integrated with Buzz every so often and is always on the lookout to address any user concerns about privacy that dogged the application in the early days of its inception.
Which of the following statements best corresponds to the monitoring step of the innovation process?

A)Google decides to create Buzz in response to competition from Facebook and other social networking sites.
B)Google's team creates APIs for third-party applications.
C)Google releases the beta version of Buzz for usability testing.
D)Google rolls out final code complete version of Buzz for users,rid of bugs and defects.
E)Google continues to add newer features and widgets to the Buzz platform and addresses user concerns.

Question 79

According to Crosby,significant progress in product quality can be reached when ________.

A)quality goals are published to workers so that they know exactly what they are expected to do
B)product inspections are used in order to improve the manufacturing process and reduce the costs
C)the design and manufacturing process of a product are continuously improved
D)organizational integrity,systems,communications,operations,and policies are consistent with achieving product quality
E)self development of workers as useful players in maintaining quality is encouraged

Question 80

Which of the following is a consequence of organizational activities that contribute to product quality?

A)lower market share
B)lower warranty costs
C)greater rework and scrap costs
D)greater liability costs
E)higher manufacturing costs