Deck 13: Sexual Dysfunction Disorders and Gender Dysphoria

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Question
A homosexual in the early 1970s who was conflicted about this sexual preference would have been diagnosed with

A)homosexual gender dysphoria.
B)gender dysphoria.
C)heterosexual gender dysphoira.
D)egodystonic homosexuality.
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Question
The main finding of the Alexander and Fisher (2003)study,where participants reported their sexual behavior under three conditions was:

A)males were consistent in their reporting across conditions; females reported higher rates of key sexual behaviors in the condition where they would be expected to believe that false reporting would be detected
B)males over-reported key sexual behaviors,particularly when they rated the researcher as attractive
C)females under-reported key sexual behaviors,particularly when they were interviewed by an older female researcher
D)males consistently over-reported key sexual behaviors
E)females were consistent in their reporting across conditions; males reported lower rates of key sexual behaviors in the condition where they would be expected to believe that false reporting would be detected
Question
The first medical textbook on sexual aberrations,was published by
In 1901.

A)Psychopathia Sexualia; Krafft-Ebing
B)Sexual Abnormalities; St.Augustine
C)The Treatise of Onanism; Tissot
D)Teachings of Christianity; Reverend Sylvester Graham
E)Human Sexuality; Dr.John Harvey Kellogg
Question
Research on sexuality during the 20th century was greeted withby most people.

A)skepticism
B)shock
C)animosity
D)disinterest
E)interest
Question
The four stages of the sexual response cycle are

A)arousal,intercourse,orgasm,release.
B)arousal,foreplay,orgasm,relaxation.
C)arousal,bodily response,genital response,orgasm.
D)neutrality,arousal,climax,anti-climax.
E)excitement,plateau,orgasm,resolution.
Question
Tissot,in his 1776 treatise,ascribed a variety of psychological and physical difficulties to

A)masturbation.
B)premarital sexual intercourse.
C)oral-genital sex.
D)sexual activity with a same-sex partner.
E)anal sex.
Question
Which of the following sexual activities was permissible,according to St.Augustine?

A)precoital activities
B)sexual activity with a same-sex partner
C)sex for recreation
D)masturbation
E)sex for procreation
Question
The stages--desire,excitement,orgasm--were proposed as an alternative model by

A)Kinsey.
B)Kaplan.
C)Krafft-Ebing.
D)Masters and Johnson.
E)Freud.
Question
The DSM-5 combined Vaginismus and Dyspareunia into one disorder.One reason FOR and one reason AGAINST this proposed change is that:

A)clinicians are not well-able to differentiate between the two; however most women with Vaginismus demonstrated avoidance behaviors during the procedures of a study whereas the women with Dyspareunia did not
B)there is overlap between features of the disorder; however Vaginismus does not have a clear basis in anxiety as does Dyspareunia
C)both disorders have a basis in anxiety; however only Vaginismus is typically present at the moment of orgasm whereas Dyspareunia dissipates with sexual response
D)both disorders have a clear physical basis; however their physical bases are different
E)there is overlap in the physical correlates of the disorders; however Dyspareunia does not have a clear basis in anxiety
Question
The textbook names which of the following distinctions as being important in classifying and understanding sexual dysfunctions?

A)variable vs.constant; developmental vs.acquired
B)lifelong vs.acquired; generalized vs.situational
C)variable vs.constant; generalized vs.situational
D)developmental vs.acquired; aversive vs.systonic
E)developmental vs.acquired; functional vs.cognitive
Question
All of the following events take place during the excitement phase EXCEPT

A)swelling of the genital tissues.
B)rapid,shallow breathing.
C)elevation of the testes.
D)muscles tense.
E)increased heart rate.
Question
Kellogg's cornflakes and graham crackers were developed to treat the ills of

A)sexual dysfunctions.
B)fears of sexual intercourse.
C)Montezuma's revenge.
D)excessive sexuality.
E)gastrointestinal problems.
Question
Although there is considerable cultural variability in sexual attitudes and behaviors,two almost universal norms pertain to:

A)age of acceptable sex; extra-marital sex
B)age at which intercourse is acceptable; incest taboo
C)extra-marital sex; kissing as a form of sexual interaction
D)kissing as a form of sexual interaction; incest taboo
E)kissing as a form of sexual interaction; extra-marital sex as forbidden
Question
Which of the following sexual behaviors would receive a diagnosis of sexual dysfunction in the DSM-5?

A)a date rapist
B)a man who occasionally likes to participate in a threesome
C)a woman experiencing pain during intercourse
D)a man who exposed his genitals to women
E)a woman who masturbates excessively
Question
All of the following statements regarding the four stages of the sexual response cycle are true EXCEPT

A)the refractory period is the final stage of the sexual response cycle.
B)during the plateau phase,arousal becomes more intense.
C)in men,orgasm comprises two stages.
D)vasocongestion occurs during the excitement phase.
E)rhythmic,muscular contractions are experienced during orgasm.
Question
A difficulty NOT identified by researchers of "normal" sexual response is:

A)variability in normal behavior
B)sexuality being a private topic
C)gender-related over- and under-reporting of behavior
D)difficulty formulating the appropriate questions
E)people who participate in sexual research are probably different from those who do not
Question
Merging Female Sexual Arousal Disorder with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder for women in DSM-5 is based on:

A)recognition of aversive processes going on for many women that are not accounted for in the current criteria
B)the presence of comorbid disorders existing for many women with Hypoactive Desire
C)the finding that female Sexual Arousal Disorder is much easier to diagnose
D)the finding that the processes of arousal and desire overlap for many women
E)the criticism that the former categories were male-centered and hypersexual
Question
Which statement is true regarding the refractory period?

A)After multiple orgasms,women are briefly unresponsive to further sexual stimulation.
B)Men experience a sense of orgasmic inevitability,and ejaculation cannot be prevented.
C)Following orgasm,the body returns to its prearoused state.
D)Men are unresponsive to sexual stimulation for a certain amount of time.
E)Men are responsive to further sexual stimulation,if that stimulation quickly after orgasm.
Question
During the 19th century,if you were dull,untrustworthy or lazy,doctors would likely treat you by

A)prescribing a high fat and a high sugar diet.
B)prescribing a diet of bland food.
C)placing you in an institution.
D)giving you herbs and spices.
E)ointments and lotions.
Question
In an effort towards greater precision in diagnosing Female Orgasmic Disorder,DSM-5:

A)identifies three stages of sexual response and provide guidelines as to how to diagnose dysfunction at each of the three stages
B)requires that one of three indicators of reduced orgasmic response be present for at least six months and experienced on most occasions
C)requires that orgasm be absent on most sexual occasions for at least six months
D)identifies four subtypes of Orgasmic Disorder,based upon recognized etiological mechanisms
E)identifies four subtypes,based upon type of impairment experienced
Question
The most common sexual complaint of males is

A)erectile disorder.
B)dyspareunia.
C)premature ejaculation.
D)hypoactive disorder.
E)orgasmic disorder.
Question
The monitoring of one's own sexual performance and the perceived responses of one's partner is referred to asand is a common factor associated with

A)performance anxiety; arousal disorders
B)social anxiety; sexual desire disorders
C)Demand response; sexual desire disorders
D)sexual anxiety; all sexual dysfunctions
E)sexual performance; male erectile disorder
Question
Common and well-established physical treatments for erectile dysfunction in males include--------------,-------------and-----------------.

A)penile implants; PDE-5 inhibitors; hormonal bypass surgery
B)penile implants; PDE-5 inhibitors; pelvic floor physiotherapy
C)penile implants; surgical interventions; PDE5 inhibitors
D)effusive impedimentation; surgical interventions; hormonal bypass
E)penile implants; PDE-5 inhibitors; vascular blockage
Question
Overall,psychological sex therapies have been quite successful in treating sexual dysfunctions,including---------------,--------------and----------.

A)premature ejaculation; genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder; erectile dysfunction
B)generalized sexual dysfunctions; lifelong sexual dysfunctions; developmental sexual dysfunctions
C)sexual aversion disorder; male sexual arousal disorder; dyspareunia
D)generalized sexual dysfunctions; acquired sexual dysfunctions; intermittent dysfunctions
E)generalized sexual dysfunctions; lifelong sexual dysfunctions; acquired sexual dysfunctions
Question
Primary and secondary premature ejaculation is distinguished primarily by

A)psychological health.
B)experience with sexual partners.
C)marital status.
D)age of the person.
E)ejaculatory control.
Question
The most common physical treatment for sexual dysfunctions has been

A)muscle relaxants.
B)surgical interventions for sexual pain disorder.
C)medications for sexual pain disorder.
D)physical implants for erectile disorder.
E)medications for erectile disorder.
Question
The majority of physical treatments to treat sexual dysfunction have been developed to treat

A)male erectile dysfunction.
B)arousal disorders.
C)pain disorders.
D)premature ejaculation.
E)hypoactive sexual disorder.
Question
Mitka (1998)found that Viagra generated erections inof men with severe erectile problems.

A)2/3
B)1/2
C)1/4
D)3/4
E)1/3
Question
Which statement is NOT true regarding erectile problems in males?

A)The incidence of the disorder decreases with increasing age.
B)Erectile difficulties are the most common complaint of men seeking help for sexual dysfunctions.
C)Erectile problems can result in embarrassment,depression,and even suicidal inclinations.
D)Most men will delay coming to a professional.
E)The previous term for this problem was impotence.
Question
Sensate focus is a procedure where

A)sexual education is a major component.
B)couples learn to experience sexual enjoyment without ever having intercourse.
C)couples learn techniques to communicate effectively with each other,about all issues,not just sexual issues.
D)specific instructions for lovemaking are given,starting with pleasuring and then with intercourse.
E)couples learn to be comfortable with each other,to pleasure and enjoy each other at first without sexual intercourse.
Question
Which of the following statements are false regarding female sexual arousal disorder?

A)It may be one of the least understood of all sexual dysfunctions.
B)There is a low correlation between subjective arousal and genital response.
C)Arousal is measured directly by the lubrication and vasocongestion of the genital area.
D)Women with this disorder want to become aroused,but are unable to.
E)Underdiagnosis appears common.
Question
What conclusions have been made regarding whether male erectile disorder has organic or psychological causes?

A)Recent research has shown that around 95% of all cases of erectile disorder have physical causes.
B)Most men suffering from erectile disorder can be classified into suffering either physical or psychological problems.
C)When erectile disorder has psychogenic causes,nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT)will not be lowered.
D)Psychological treatment can be very effective even when physical impairment is evident.
E)Erectile dysfunction may be caused be cardiovascular disease.
Question
DSM-5 classifies the persistent or recurrent inability to reach or sustain an erection until completion of sexual activity as

A)failure to ejaculate.
B)hypoactive sexual disorder.
C)male orgasmic disorder.
D)impotence.
E)male erectile disorder.
Question
Variations in the hormones ------------,----------------- ,and------------ can strongly affect sex drive and are thought to play a role in-------------- cases of sexual

A)estrogen,testosterone,prolactin; many
B)estrogen,testosterone,prolactin; few
C)estrogen,testosterone,oxytocin; few
D)estrogen,testosterone,oxytocin; many
E)estrogen,testosterone,cholecystokinin; many
Question
Fred and his partner are seeking treatment for Fred's premature ejaculation.The therapist suggests that the couple stimulate Fred's penis to nearly full erection and then firmly press the penis to reduce arousal.This process is repeated until Fred can refrain from ejaculating for extended periods.This treatment technique is referred to as

A)pain modification.
B)sensate focus.
C)diversion therapy.
D)the "squeeze" technique.
E)arousal desensitization.
Question
Shari has come to see you at the Sexual Dysfunctions Clinic,because she is feeling very distressed over the fact that she never feels like engaging in sexual activity with her partner.Shari and her partner have had many arguments over this lack of interest,and she decided to see a therapist.In consulting the DSM-5,you would likely diagnose her with

A)sexual aversion disorder.
B)female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
C)female sexual arousal disorder.
D)female orgasm problems.
E)dyspareunia.
Question
Hypoactive desire disorder is mainly a------------ issue .

A)medical
B)biological
C)psychological
D)genetic
E)physiological
Question
Nadia and Enrique are in a long-term relationship and have had an active sex life,except that Nadia has never been able to achieve orgasm.If she went to seek treatment,it is likely that the therapist would recommend

A)yohimbine hydrochloride.
B)medical treatment.
C)an in depth examination by a gynecologist prior to any treatments.
D)hypnotherapy.
E)using private masturbatory techniques.
Question
All of the following statements are true regarding orgasmic disorders EXCEPT

A)Orgasmic disorders are some of the most commonly reported sexual dysfunctions.
B)female orgasmic disorder is much more common than male orgasmic disorder.
C)women are more likely to experience orgasm through masturbation than with a partner.
D)orgasmic disorder in men and women is also known as anorgasmia.
E)DSM-5 requires a delay in or absence of orgasm following normal excitement,causing distress or interpersonal difficulty.
Question
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions?

A)There is evidence suggesting that the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions is quite high.
B)We know a lot about the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and their incidence.
C)Epidemiological studies looking at the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions are fraught with methodological problems.
D)Some studies have shown that lack of sexual interest is one of the most common complaints among women.
E)Female hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction is the most prevalent.
Question
Tony is a 10 year old boy who prefers to play stereotypical "girls" games such as "house" and "dolls." Tony does not enjoy playing with boys or playing games such as trucks and guns.Tony's parents became concerned that something was wrong with their son and they brought him in for an evaluation.Tony reported that he does prefer girls as playmates and that he likes "girls' games" better as well.He knows that he is a boy and has no urge to wear dresses.Tony would likely be diagnosed with

A)nothing,since his behaviour does not meet the criteria for a disorder.
B)homosexual tendencies.
C)gender role confusion.
D)gender dysphoria.
E)gender identity disorder.
Question
All of the following statements about voyeurs are true EXCEPT

A)voyeurs are frequently referred to as "peeping toms."
B)most voyeurs will eventually begin to commit more serious sexual offenses such as sexual assault.
C)about half of voyeurs recognized their interest in voyeurism before the age of 15.
D)many voyeurs also engage in exhibitionism.
E)voyeurs find it sexually exciting to watch other people undress or engage in sexual activity.
Question
Which of the following is NOT a form of paraphilic disorder?

A)zoophilia
B)erotophilia
C)obscene phone calls
D)bestiality
E)klismaphilia
Question
Joe and Beth have been married for over 10 years and have a satisfying marriage.Beth finds it very arousing and pleasurable to tie Joe up,dress in a leather outfit with spikes,and verbally degrade him.Joe is required to behave submissively during these acts.Both partners find this behaviour sexually enjoyable.Beth's sexual behaviour is best described as

A)sexual sadism.
B)voyeuristic disorder.
C)klismaphilia.
D)fetishistic disorder.
E)sexual masochism.
Question
Sexual arousal as a result of inflicting pain or humiliation on others is considered
,while arousal due to one's own pain is.

A)sadomasochism; fetishistic disorder
B)sexual masochism; sexual sadism
C)sexual sadism; sexual masochism
D)a sexual offense; sadomasochism
E)voyeuristic disorder; exhibitionistic disorder
Question
DSM-5 replaced Gender Identity Disorder with:

A)Gender Dysphoric Disorder
B)Gender Dysphoria in children and in adults
C)Gender Dysphoria in children and adults,with or without a disorder of sex development
D)Gender Dysphoria with or without a disorder of sex development
E)Gender Dissatisfaction Disorder,with or without a disorder of sex development
Question
Research supports the idea that gender dysphoria are caused by

A)lack of a same-sex parent model and overprotection by the opposite-sex parent.
B)the child's failure to separate from the parent of the opposite sex.
C)hormonal disturbances or exposure to chemicals during fetal development.
D)a gender identification gene found in twin studies of the disorder.
E)there is actually little support for any theory of the origin of gender dysphoria.
Question
The paraphilic disorders listed in DSM-5 include all of the following EXCEPT

A)sexual sadism.
B)fetishistic.
C)voyeuristic.
D)pedophilic.
E)homosexuality.
Question
Transvestic disorder is frequently related to

A)egodystonic homosexuality.
B)transsexualism.
C)sadomasochism.
D)homosexual gender dysphoria.
E)heterosexual gender dysphoria.
Question
The sexual offense with the highest recidivism rate is

A)voyeuristic.
B)exhibitionistic.
C)child molestation.
D)frotteuristic.
E)fetishistic.
Question
Autoerotic asphyxia is seen in sexual.

A)sadism
B)masochism
C)addiction
D)fetishistic disorder
E)transvestic disorder
Question
The main difference among those with heterosexual as opposed to homosexual gender dysphoria is (other than preferred sexual partner)

A)homosexuals are more likely to be aroused by cross-dressing.
B)homosexuals with gender dysphoria are more likely to develop an interest in cross- dressing.
C)other than preferred sexual partners,there are no real differences among the two groups.
D)heterosexual males with this disorder usually have surgery to change their physical characteristics.
E)heterosexual males with this disorder were usually not labelled "sissies" as children.
Question
The group who experiences sexual arousal to cross-dressing is generally

A)men with gender dysphoria.
B)those who report being effeminate as children.
C)those who like to dress like the opposite-sex but are sexually attracted to the same-sex
D)individuals with heterosexual gender dysphoria.
E)those diagnosed with homosexual gender dysphoria.
Question
Which of the following statements is true regarding fetishes?

A)Only specific objects such as items of clothing or body parts can become fetishes.
B)It is known that only men develop fetishes.
C)Fetishes are unconscious elements from unconscious fantasies.
D)Generally,many fetishists are otherwise quite normal.
E)Fetishes are often the result of an abnormal childhood sexual experience.
Question
Gender dysphoria is diagnosed when

A)society's conception of the individual is discrepant with that person's biological sex.
B)the individual's gender identity is not consistent with his or her biological sex.
C)the individual shows signs of early sexual maturity.
D)the individual prefers to wear clothes not consistent with his or her sex.
E)the individual shows signs of hermaphroditism.
Question
John believes that he is actually a female trapped in a man's body.John wears dresses and make-up,has gotten electrolysis to remove his facial hair and insists on being called "Joan." He is sexually attracted to males and has been labeled effeminate since he was young.John would most likely receive a diagnosis of

A)gender dysphoria.
B)he would not receive a diagnosis because he is really a woman.
C)sexual preference disorder.
D)homosexual gender dysphoria.
E)transsexualism.
Question
Paul finds it necessary to wear his wife's underwear in order to become sexually aroused.Paul would be given a diagnosis of

A)transsexualism.
B)frotteuristic disorder.
C)partialism.
D)gender dysphoria.
E)transvestic disorder.
Question
Treatment of gender dysphoria generally involvesand results in

A)hormonal therapy; decrease in the desired secondary sex characteristics
B)surgery; many problems and dissatisfaction
C)cognitive-behaviour therapy; poor outcomes.
D)psychological therapy; change in gender conceptualization among children
E)sexual reassignment; happiness with the results
Question
Cross-cultural research has found that,with regard to tolerance of gender-variance,other cultures are:

A)are similar to Western cultures in that there is very little room for persons who vary from "male" and "female" gender identities
B)allow for some transgressing of gender roles
C)allow for some transgressing of gender roles and provide gender-variant individuals with a distinct name and role in society
D)are often less tolerant than Western cultures of persons who deviate from specific gender roles
E)regard our tolerance and permissive attitudes as a sign of weakness
Question
Which of the following statements regarding exhibitionists is true?

A)There are no reports of exhibitionists ever committing rape.
B)It is rare that exhibitionists will commit other sexual offenses.
C)A substantial number of exhibitionists go on to more serious offences.
D)Most exhibitionists suffer marital problems,usually involving sexual issues.
E)Exhibitionism is a relatively rare phenomenon.
Question
More recent comprehensive programs designed to treat sexual offenders involve components such as

A)overcoming the tendency to deny or minimize their offending.
B)eliminating the sex drive completely.
C)techniques for self-hypnotic control of their urges.
D)recognizing the unconscious roots of their problems.
E)engaging the offenders' family in treatment.
Question
Any sexual activity not performed solely for procreation was once considered abnormal.
Question
What did Marshall and Barbaree (1988)find in their study of the effects of their community-based program?

A)Treated offenders tend to reoffend far less than untreated offenders.
B)Despite the benefits of treatment,there is little saving,in terms of financial costs,to society.
C)Phallometric assessment scores tend to be less deviant after treatment.
D)Community-based programs are more successful than prison-based programs.
E)Changing sexual offenders deviant sexual behaviors is very difficult to do.
Question
A person who sees sexual offenses as developing because of society's differential view of men and women would likely support

A)clinical theories of sexual offending.
B)conditioning theories of sexual offending.
C)social psychological theories of sexual offending.
D)theoretical frameworks of offending behaviour.
E)feminist theories of sexual offending.
Question
The technology used to measure men's erectile responses to different types of stimuli is called

A)phallometry.
B)the squeezing technique.
C)pornography.
D)sensate focus.
E)penile arousal assessments.
Question
Pedophilic disorder is diagnosed when the person is at leastyears old and at leastyears older than the victim.

A)10; 5
B)15; 2
C)25; 5
D)16; 5
E)20; 10
Question
Sanday's studies of patriarchal societies and rates of rape showed that

A)men were more likely to say they would rape a women but less likely to actually do it.
B)rates of rape are actually higher in matriarchal societies.
C)rape was relatively rare in most tribal societies.
D)surprisingly,rates of rape were not as high in societies where men were already dominant.
E)rates of rape were much higher in patriarchal societies where women were seen as the property of men.
Question
As a behaviourist,you would likely view sexual offending as originating from

A)relationship problems.
B)conditioning of deviant sexual practices.
C)early childhood separation difficulties.
D)genetic dysfunctions.
E)unconscious conflicts.
Question
Freund's courtship disorder theory of sexual offending suggests that

A)sexual offenses are very rare occurrences.
B)fixation at any one of the stages produces sexual offending.
C)humans become aggressive sexually because they are similar to animals.
D)child molestation results from disastrous adult relationships.
E)there are two phases in human sexual interactions.
Question
Which of the following statements concerning rape is true?

A)Most rapists demonstrate deviant sexual arousal.
B)Strangers constitute a very small percentage of rapists.
C)Spouses constitute the highest percentage of rapists.
D)A rapist,regardless of the presence of sadism or personality disorder,can be given a DSM-5 diagnosis.
E)Strangers constitute the highest percentage of rapists.
Question
A sexual offender being treated during the early 1960s would likely undergo:

A)chemical castration.
B)segregation.
C)castration.
D)pairing with an aversive stimulus.
E)psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
Question
The ambiguous nature of the terms recurrent andhas possibly contributed to the reduced reliability of diagnosing pedophilic disorder.

A)duration
B)excitement
C)intense
D)pleasure
E)arousal
Question
Anger,depression,intoxication,and boredom arethat precede the offense,but only males who arewill respond by sexually offending.

A)permanent states; genetically predisposed
B)transitory states; vulnerable
C)factors; deviantly aroused
D)primary markers; affected
E)phases; powerless
Question
Research consistently finds that females report significantly less use of pornography and masturbation than males.
Question
The distinction between a child molester and someone with a pedophilic disorder is mostly a matter of:

A)preference for sexual behaviour with a child.
B)the age of the victims.
C)the age of the offender.
D)the presence of a mental disorder.
E)there is no difference between a child molester and a pedophilic.
Question
An extremely important aspect of the feminist theory of rape is the fact that

A)the main function of rape is to humiliate and possess power over the victim.
B)rapists do not know how to express their needs for intimacy.
C)rape is a means of sexually controlling women.
D)rape in an expression of anger toward the self.
E)rape has increased over time because women are becoming more dominant in society.
Question
In comparison with Master's and Johnson's (1966)model,Kaplan's (1979)model of sexual stages allows for a greater variety of sexual responses that can be considered "normal".
Question
Which of the following statements is true about rapists?

A)Almost all rapists show some evidence of sadism.
B)Most rapists are suffering from a DSM-5 disorder at the time of the offense.
C)Sadistic rapists are the only rapists who show greater arousal to sexual assault on a woman than to consenting sex.
D)Serial sexual murderers are more common than was realized.
E)Almost all rapists also suffer from a personality disorder.
Question
An individual committing this offense will become sexually aroused by touching or rubbing up against an unsuspecting person.This activity is

A)pedophilic.
B)voyeuristic.
C)sensationism.
D)partialism.
E)frotteuristic.
Question
The diagnosis ofhas shown poor reliability and validity.

A)sexual offender
B)child molester
C)voyeuristic disorder
D)frotteuristic disorder
E)pedophilic disorder
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Deck 13: Sexual Dysfunction Disorders and Gender Dysphoria
1
A homosexual in the early 1970s who was conflicted about this sexual preference would have been diagnosed with

A)homosexual gender dysphoria.
B)gender dysphoria.
C)heterosexual gender dysphoira.
D)egodystonic homosexuality.
egodystonic homosexuality.
2
The main finding of the Alexander and Fisher (2003)study,where participants reported their sexual behavior under three conditions was:

A)males were consistent in their reporting across conditions; females reported higher rates of key sexual behaviors in the condition where they would be expected to believe that false reporting would be detected
B)males over-reported key sexual behaviors,particularly when they rated the researcher as attractive
C)females under-reported key sexual behaviors,particularly when they were interviewed by an older female researcher
D)males consistently over-reported key sexual behaviors
E)females were consistent in their reporting across conditions; males reported lower rates of key sexual behaviors in the condition where they would be expected to believe that false reporting would be detected
males were consistent in their reporting across conditions; females reported higher rates of key sexual behaviors in the condition where they would be expected to believe that false reporting would be detected
3
The first medical textbook on sexual aberrations,was published by
In 1901.

A)Psychopathia Sexualia; Krafft-Ebing
B)Sexual Abnormalities; St.Augustine
C)The Treatise of Onanism; Tissot
D)Teachings of Christianity; Reverend Sylvester Graham
E)Human Sexuality; Dr.John Harvey Kellogg
Psychopathia Sexualia; Krafft-Ebing
4
Research on sexuality during the 20th century was greeted withby most people.

A)skepticism
B)shock
C)animosity
D)disinterest
E)interest
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5
The four stages of the sexual response cycle are

A)arousal,intercourse,orgasm,release.
B)arousal,foreplay,orgasm,relaxation.
C)arousal,bodily response,genital response,orgasm.
D)neutrality,arousal,climax,anti-climax.
E)excitement,plateau,orgasm,resolution.
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6
Tissot,in his 1776 treatise,ascribed a variety of psychological and physical difficulties to

A)masturbation.
B)premarital sexual intercourse.
C)oral-genital sex.
D)sexual activity with a same-sex partner.
E)anal sex.
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7
Which of the following sexual activities was permissible,according to St.Augustine?

A)precoital activities
B)sexual activity with a same-sex partner
C)sex for recreation
D)masturbation
E)sex for procreation
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8
The stages--desire,excitement,orgasm--were proposed as an alternative model by

A)Kinsey.
B)Kaplan.
C)Krafft-Ebing.
D)Masters and Johnson.
E)Freud.
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9
The DSM-5 combined Vaginismus and Dyspareunia into one disorder.One reason FOR and one reason AGAINST this proposed change is that:

A)clinicians are not well-able to differentiate between the two; however most women with Vaginismus demonstrated avoidance behaviors during the procedures of a study whereas the women with Dyspareunia did not
B)there is overlap between features of the disorder; however Vaginismus does not have a clear basis in anxiety as does Dyspareunia
C)both disorders have a basis in anxiety; however only Vaginismus is typically present at the moment of orgasm whereas Dyspareunia dissipates with sexual response
D)both disorders have a clear physical basis; however their physical bases are different
E)there is overlap in the physical correlates of the disorders; however Dyspareunia does not have a clear basis in anxiety
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10
The textbook names which of the following distinctions as being important in classifying and understanding sexual dysfunctions?

A)variable vs.constant; developmental vs.acquired
B)lifelong vs.acquired; generalized vs.situational
C)variable vs.constant; generalized vs.situational
D)developmental vs.acquired; aversive vs.systonic
E)developmental vs.acquired; functional vs.cognitive
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11
All of the following events take place during the excitement phase EXCEPT

A)swelling of the genital tissues.
B)rapid,shallow breathing.
C)elevation of the testes.
D)muscles tense.
E)increased heart rate.
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12
Kellogg's cornflakes and graham crackers were developed to treat the ills of

A)sexual dysfunctions.
B)fears of sexual intercourse.
C)Montezuma's revenge.
D)excessive sexuality.
E)gastrointestinal problems.
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13
Although there is considerable cultural variability in sexual attitudes and behaviors,two almost universal norms pertain to:

A)age of acceptable sex; extra-marital sex
B)age at which intercourse is acceptable; incest taboo
C)extra-marital sex; kissing as a form of sexual interaction
D)kissing as a form of sexual interaction; incest taboo
E)kissing as a form of sexual interaction; extra-marital sex as forbidden
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14
Which of the following sexual behaviors would receive a diagnosis of sexual dysfunction in the DSM-5?

A)a date rapist
B)a man who occasionally likes to participate in a threesome
C)a woman experiencing pain during intercourse
D)a man who exposed his genitals to women
E)a woman who masturbates excessively
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15
All of the following statements regarding the four stages of the sexual response cycle are true EXCEPT

A)the refractory period is the final stage of the sexual response cycle.
B)during the plateau phase,arousal becomes more intense.
C)in men,orgasm comprises two stages.
D)vasocongestion occurs during the excitement phase.
E)rhythmic,muscular contractions are experienced during orgasm.
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16
A difficulty NOT identified by researchers of "normal" sexual response is:

A)variability in normal behavior
B)sexuality being a private topic
C)gender-related over- and under-reporting of behavior
D)difficulty formulating the appropriate questions
E)people who participate in sexual research are probably different from those who do not
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17
Merging Female Sexual Arousal Disorder with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder for women in DSM-5 is based on:

A)recognition of aversive processes going on for many women that are not accounted for in the current criteria
B)the presence of comorbid disorders existing for many women with Hypoactive Desire
C)the finding that female Sexual Arousal Disorder is much easier to diagnose
D)the finding that the processes of arousal and desire overlap for many women
E)the criticism that the former categories were male-centered and hypersexual
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18
Which statement is true regarding the refractory period?

A)After multiple orgasms,women are briefly unresponsive to further sexual stimulation.
B)Men experience a sense of orgasmic inevitability,and ejaculation cannot be prevented.
C)Following orgasm,the body returns to its prearoused state.
D)Men are unresponsive to sexual stimulation for a certain amount of time.
E)Men are responsive to further sexual stimulation,if that stimulation quickly after orgasm.
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19
During the 19th century,if you were dull,untrustworthy or lazy,doctors would likely treat you by

A)prescribing a high fat and a high sugar diet.
B)prescribing a diet of bland food.
C)placing you in an institution.
D)giving you herbs and spices.
E)ointments and lotions.
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20
In an effort towards greater precision in diagnosing Female Orgasmic Disorder,DSM-5:

A)identifies three stages of sexual response and provide guidelines as to how to diagnose dysfunction at each of the three stages
B)requires that one of three indicators of reduced orgasmic response be present for at least six months and experienced on most occasions
C)requires that orgasm be absent on most sexual occasions for at least six months
D)identifies four subtypes of Orgasmic Disorder,based upon recognized etiological mechanisms
E)identifies four subtypes,based upon type of impairment experienced
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21
The most common sexual complaint of males is

A)erectile disorder.
B)dyspareunia.
C)premature ejaculation.
D)hypoactive disorder.
E)orgasmic disorder.
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22
The monitoring of one's own sexual performance and the perceived responses of one's partner is referred to asand is a common factor associated with

A)performance anxiety; arousal disorders
B)social anxiety; sexual desire disorders
C)Demand response; sexual desire disorders
D)sexual anxiety; all sexual dysfunctions
E)sexual performance; male erectile disorder
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23
Common and well-established physical treatments for erectile dysfunction in males include--------------,-------------and-----------------.

A)penile implants; PDE-5 inhibitors; hormonal bypass surgery
B)penile implants; PDE-5 inhibitors; pelvic floor physiotherapy
C)penile implants; surgical interventions; PDE5 inhibitors
D)effusive impedimentation; surgical interventions; hormonal bypass
E)penile implants; PDE-5 inhibitors; vascular blockage
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24
Overall,psychological sex therapies have been quite successful in treating sexual dysfunctions,including---------------,--------------and----------.

A)premature ejaculation; genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder; erectile dysfunction
B)generalized sexual dysfunctions; lifelong sexual dysfunctions; developmental sexual dysfunctions
C)sexual aversion disorder; male sexual arousal disorder; dyspareunia
D)generalized sexual dysfunctions; acquired sexual dysfunctions; intermittent dysfunctions
E)generalized sexual dysfunctions; lifelong sexual dysfunctions; acquired sexual dysfunctions
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25
Primary and secondary premature ejaculation is distinguished primarily by

A)psychological health.
B)experience with sexual partners.
C)marital status.
D)age of the person.
E)ejaculatory control.
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26
The most common physical treatment for sexual dysfunctions has been

A)muscle relaxants.
B)surgical interventions for sexual pain disorder.
C)medications for sexual pain disorder.
D)physical implants for erectile disorder.
E)medications for erectile disorder.
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27
The majority of physical treatments to treat sexual dysfunction have been developed to treat

A)male erectile dysfunction.
B)arousal disorders.
C)pain disorders.
D)premature ejaculation.
E)hypoactive sexual disorder.
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28
Mitka (1998)found that Viagra generated erections inof men with severe erectile problems.

A)2/3
B)1/2
C)1/4
D)3/4
E)1/3
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29
Which statement is NOT true regarding erectile problems in males?

A)The incidence of the disorder decreases with increasing age.
B)Erectile difficulties are the most common complaint of men seeking help for sexual dysfunctions.
C)Erectile problems can result in embarrassment,depression,and even suicidal inclinations.
D)Most men will delay coming to a professional.
E)The previous term for this problem was impotence.
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30
Sensate focus is a procedure where

A)sexual education is a major component.
B)couples learn to experience sexual enjoyment without ever having intercourse.
C)couples learn techniques to communicate effectively with each other,about all issues,not just sexual issues.
D)specific instructions for lovemaking are given,starting with pleasuring and then with intercourse.
E)couples learn to be comfortable with each other,to pleasure and enjoy each other at first without sexual intercourse.
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31
Which of the following statements are false regarding female sexual arousal disorder?

A)It may be one of the least understood of all sexual dysfunctions.
B)There is a low correlation between subjective arousal and genital response.
C)Arousal is measured directly by the lubrication and vasocongestion of the genital area.
D)Women with this disorder want to become aroused,but are unable to.
E)Underdiagnosis appears common.
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32
What conclusions have been made regarding whether male erectile disorder has organic or psychological causes?

A)Recent research has shown that around 95% of all cases of erectile disorder have physical causes.
B)Most men suffering from erectile disorder can be classified into suffering either physical or psychological problems.
C)When erectile disorder has psychogenic causes,nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT)will not be lowered.
D)Psychological treatment can be very effective even when physical impairment is evident.
E)Erectile dysfunction may be caused be cardiovascular disease.
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33
DSM-5 classifies the persistent or recurrent inability to reach or sustain an erection until completion of sexual activity as

A)failure to ejaculate.
B)hypoactive sexual disorder.
C)male orgasmic disorder.
D)impotence.
E)male erectile disorder.
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34
Variations in the hormones ------------,----------------- ,and------------ can strongly affect sex drive and are thought to play a role in-------------- cases of sexual

A)estrogen,testosterone,prolactin; many
B)estrogen,testosterone,prolactin; few
C)estrogen,testosterone,oxytocin; few
D)estrogen,testosterone,oxytocin; many
E)estrogen,testosterone,cholecystokinin; many
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35
Fred and his partner are seeking treatment for Fred's premature ejaculation.The therapist suggests that the couple stimulate Fred's penis to nearly full erection and then firmly press the penis to reduce arousal.This process is repeated until Fred can refrain from ejaculating for extended periods.This treatment technique is referred to as

A)pain modification.
B)sensate focus.
C)diversion therapy.
D)the "squeeze" technique.
E)arousal desensitization.
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36
Shari has come to see you at the Sexual Dysfunctions Clinic,because she is feeling very distressed over the fact that she never feels like engaging in sexual activity with her partner.Shari and her partner have had many arguments over this lack of interest,and she decided to see a therapist.In consulting the DSM-5,you would likely diagnose her with

A)sexual aversion disorder.
B)female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
C)female sexual arousal disorder.
D)female orgasm problems.
E)dyspareunia.
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37
Hypoactive desire disorder is mainly a------------ issue .

A)medical
B)biological
C)psychological
D)genetic
E)physiological
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38
Nadia and Enrique are in a long-term relationship and have had an active sex life,except that Nadia has never been able to achieve orgasm.If she went to seek treatment,it is likely that the therapist would recommend

A)yohimbine hydrochloride.
B)medical treatment.
C)an in depth examination by a gynecologist prior to any treatments.
D)hypnotherapy.
E)using private masturbatory techniques.
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39
All of the following statements are true regarding orgasmic disorders EXCEPT

A)Orgasmic disorders are some of the most commonly reported sexual dysfunctions.
B)female orgasmic disorder is much more common than male orgasmic disorder.
C)women are more likely to experience orgasm through masturbation than with a partner.
D)orgasmic disorder in men and women is also known as anorgasmia.
E)DSM-5 requires a delay in or absence of orgasm following normal excitement,causing distress or interpersonal difficulty.
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40
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions?

A)There is evidence suggesting that the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions is quite high.
B)We know a lot about the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and their incidence.
C)Epidemiological studies looking at the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions are fraught with methodological problems.
D)Some studies have shown that lack of sexual interest is one of the most common complaints among women.
E)Female hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction is the most prevalent.
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41
Tony is a 10 year old boy who prefers to play stereotypical "girls" games such as "house" and "dolls." Tony does not enjoy playing with boys or playing games such as trucks and guns.Tony's parents became concerned that something was wrong with their son and they brought him in for an evaluation.Tony reported that he does prefer girls as playmates and that he likes "girls' games" better as well.He knows that he is a boy and has no urge to wear dresses.Tony would likely be diagnosed with

A)nothing,since his behaviour does not meet the criteria for a disorder.
B)homosexual tendencies.
C)gender role confusion.
D)gender dysphoria.
E)gender identity disorder.
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42
All of the following statements about voyeurs are true EXCEPT

A)voyeurs are frequently referred to as "peeping toms."
B)most voyeurs will eventually begin to commit more serious sexual offenses such as sexual assault.
C)about half of voyeurs recognized their interest in voyeurism before the age of 15.
D)many voyeurs also engage in exhibitionism.
E)voyeurs find it sexually exciting to watch other people undress or engage in sexual activity.
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43
Which of the following is NOT a form of paraphilic disorder?

A)zoophilia
B)erotophilia
C)obscene phone calls
D)bestiality
E)klismaphilia
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44
Joe and Beth have been married for over 10 years and have a satisfying marriage.Beth finds it very arousing and pleasurable to tie Joe up,dress in a leather outfit with spikes,and verbally degrade him.Joe is required to behave submissively during these acts.Both partners find this behaviour sexually enjoyable.Beth's sexual behaviour is best described as

A)sexual sadism.
B)voyeuristic disorder.
C)klismaphilia.
D)fetishistic disorder.
E)sexual masochism.
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45
Sexual arousal as a result of inflicting pain or humiliation on others is considered
,while arousal due to one's own pain is.

A)sadomasochism; fetishistic disorder
B)sexual masochism; sexual sadism
C)sexual sadism; sexual masochism
D)a sexual offense; sadomasochism
E)voyeuristic disorder; exhibitionistic disorder
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46
DSM-5 replaced Gender Identity Disorder with:

A)Gender Dysphoric Disorder
B)Gender Dysphoria in children and in adults
C)Gender Dysphoria in children and adults,with or without a disorder of sex development
D)Gender Dysphoria with or without a disorder of sex development
E)Gender Dissatisfaction Disorder,with or without a disorder of sex development
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47
Research supports the idea that gender dysphoria are caused by

A)lack of a same-sex parent model and overprotection by the opposite-sex parent.
B)the child's failure to separate from the parent of the opposite sex.
C)hormonal disturbances or exposure to chemicals during fetal development.
D)a gender identification gene found in twin studies of the disorder.
E)there is actually little support for any theory of the origin of gender dysphoria.
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48
The paraphilic disorders listed in DSM-5 include all of the following EXCEPT

A)sexual sadism.
B)fetishistic.
C)voyeuristic.
D)pedophilic.
E)homosexuality.
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49
Transvestic disorder is frequently related to

A)egodystonic homosexuality.
B)transsexualism.
C)sadomasochism.
D)homosexual gender dysphoria.
E)heterosexual gender dysphoria.
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50
The sexual offense with the highest recidivism rate is

A)voyeuristic.
B)exhibitionistic.
C)child molestation.
D)frotteuristic.
E)fetishistic.
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51
Autoerotic asphyxia is seen in sexual.

A)sadism
B)masochism
C)addiction
D)fetishistic disorder
E)transvestic disorder
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52
The main difference among those with heterosexual as opposed to homosexual gender dysphoria is (other than preferred sexual partner)

A)homosexuals are more likely to be aroused by cross-dressing.
B)homosexuals with gender dysphoria are more likely to develop an interest in cross- dressing.
C)other than preferred sexual partners,there are no real differences among the two groups.
D)heterosexual males with this disorder usually have surgery to change their physical characteristics.
E)heterosexual males with this disorder were usually not labelled "sissies" as children.
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53
The group who experiences sexual arousal to cross-dressing is generally

A)men with gender dysphoria.
B)those who report being effeminate as children.
C)those who like to dress like the opposite-sex but are sexually attracted to the same-sex
D)individuals with heterosexual gender dysphoria.
E)those diagnosed with homosexual gender dysphoria.
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54
Which of the following statements is true regarding fetishes?

A)Only specific objects such as items of clothing or body parts can become fetishes.
B)It is known that only men develop fetishes.
C)Fetishes are unconscious elements from unconscious fantasies.
D)Generally,many fetishists are otherwise quite normal.
E)Fetishes are often the result of an abnormal childhood sexual experience.
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55
Gender dysphoria is diagnosed when

A)society's conception of the individual is discrepant with that person's biological sex.
B)the individual's gender identity is not consistent with his or her biological sex.
C)the individual shows signs of early sexual maturity.
D)the individual prefers to wear clothes not consistent with his or her sex.
E)the individual shows signs of hermaphroditism.
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56
John believes that he is actually a female trapped in a man's body.John wears dresses and make-up,has gotten electrolysis to remove his facial hair and insists on being called "Joan." He is sexually attracted to males and has been labeled effeminate since he was young.John would most likely receive a diagnosis of

A)gender dysphoria.
B)he would not receive a diagnosis because he is really a woman.
C)sexual preference disorder.
D)homosexual gender dysphoria.
E)transsexualism.
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57
Paul finds it necessary to wear his wife's underwear in order to become sexually aroused.Paul would be given a diagnosis of

A)transsexualism.
B)frotteuristic disorder.
C)partialism.
D)gender dysphoria.
E)transvestic disorder.
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58
Treatment of gender dysphoria generally involvesand results in

A)hormonal therapy; decrease in the desired secondary sex characteristics
B)surgery; many problems and dissatisfaction
C)cognitive-behaviour therapy; poor outcomes.
D)psychological therapy; change in gender conceptualization among children
E)sexual reassignment; happiness with the results
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59
Cross-cultural research has found that,with regard to tolerance of gender-variance,other cultures are:

A)are similar to Western cultures in that there is very little room for persons who vary from "male" and "female" gender identities
B)allow for some transgressing of gender roles
C)allow for some transgressing of gender roles and provide gender-variant individuals with a distinct name and role in society
D)are often less tolerant than Western cultures of persons who deviate from specific gender roles
E)regard our tolerance and permissive attitudes as a sign of weakness
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60
Which of the following statements regarding exhibitionists is true?

A)There are no reports of exhibitionists ever committing rape.
B)It is rare that exhibitionists will commit other sexual offenses.
C)A substantial number of exhibitionists go on to more serious offences.
D)Most exhibitionists suffer marital problems,usually involving sexual issues.
E)Exhibitionism is a relatively rare phenomenon.
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61
More recent comprehensive programs designed to treat sexual offenders involve components such as

A)overcoming the tendency to deny or minimize their offending.
B)eliminating the sex drive completely.
C)techniques for self-hypnotic control of their urges.
D)recognizing the unconscious roots of their problems.
E)engaging the offenders' family in treatment.
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62
Any sexual activity not performed solely for procreation was once considered abnormal.
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63
What did Marshall and Barbaree (1988)find in their study of the effects of their community-based program?

A)Treated offenders tend to reoffend far less than untreated offenders.
B)Despite the benefits of treatment,there is little saving,in terms of financial costs,to society.
C)Phallometric assessment scores tend to be less deviant after treatment.
D)Community-based programs are more successful than prison-based programs.
E)Changing sexual offenders deviant sexual behaviors is very difficult to do.
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64
A person who sees sexual offenses as developing because of society's differential view of men and women would likely support

A)clinical theories of sexual offending.
B)conditioning theories of sexual offending.
C)social psychological theories of sexual offending.
D)theoretical frameworks of offending behaviour.
E)feminist theories of sexual offending.
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65
The technology used to measure men's erectile responses to different types of stimuli is called

A)phallometry.
B)the squeezing technique.
C)pornography.
D)sensate focus.
E)penile arousal assessments.
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66
Pedophilic disorder is diagnosed when the person is at leastyears old and at leastyears older than the victim.

A)10; 5
B)15; 2
C)25; 5
D)16; 5
E)20; 10
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67
Sanday's studies of patriarchal societies and rates of rape showed that

A)men were more likely to say they would rape a women but less likely to actually do it.
B)rates of rape are actually higher in matriarchal societies.
C)rape was relatively rare in most tribal societies.
D)surprisingly,rates of rape were not as high in societies where men were already dominant.
E)rates of rape were much higher in patriarchal societies where women were seen as the property of men.
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68
As a behaviourist,you would likely view sexual offending as originating from

A)relationship problems.
B)conditioning of deviant sexual practices.
C)early childhood separation difficulties.
D)genetic dysfunctions.
E)unconscious conflicts.
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69
Freund's courtship disorder theory of sexual offending suggests that

A)sexual offenses are very rare occurrences.
B)fixation at any one of the stages produces sexual offending.
C)humans become aggressive sexually because they are similar to animals.
D)child molestation results from disastrous adult relationships.
E)there are two phases in human sexual interactions.
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70
Which of the following statements concerning rape is true?

A)Most rapists demonstrate deviant sexual arousal.
B)Strangers constitute a very small percentage of rapists.
C)Spouses constitute the highest percentage of rapists.
D)A rapist,regardless of the presence of sadism or personality disorder,can be given a DSM-5 diagnosis.
E)Strangers constitute the highest percentage of rapists.
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71
A sexual offender being treated during the early 1960s would likely undergo:

A)chemical castration.
B)segregation.
C)castration.
D)pairing with an aversive stimulus.
E)psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
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72
The ambiguous nature of the terms recurrent andhas possibly contributed to the reduced reliability of diagnosing pedophilic disorder.

A)duration
B)excitement
C)intense
D)pleasure
E)arousal
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73
Anger,depression,intoxication,and boredom arethat precede the offense,but only males who arewill respond by sexually offending.

A)permanent states; genetically predisposed
B)transitory states; vulnerable
C)factors; deviantly aroused
D)primary markers; affected
E)phases; powerless
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74
Research consistently finds that females report significantly less use of pornography and masturbation than males.
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75
The distinction between a child molester and someone with a pedophilic disorder is mostly a matter of:

A)preference for sexual behaviour with a child.
B)the age of the victims.
C)the age of the offender.
D)the presence of a mental disorder.
E)there is no difference between a child molester and a pedophilic.
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76
An extremely important aspect of the feminist theory of rape is the fact that

A)the main function of rape is to humiliate and possess power over the victim.
B)rapists do not know how to express their needs for intimacy.
C)rape is a means of sexually controlling women.
D)rape in an expression of anger toward the self.
E)rape has increased over time because women are becoming more dominant in society.
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77
In comparison with Master's and Johnson's (1966)model,Kaplan's (1979)model of sexual stages allows for a greater variety of sexual responses that can be considered "normal".
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78
Which of the following statements is true about rapists?

A)Almost all rapists show some evidence of sadism.
B)Most rapists are suffering from a DSM-5 disorder at the time of the offense.
C)Sadistic rapists are the only rapists who show greater arousal to sexual assault on a woman than to consenting sex.
D)Serial sexual murderers are more common than was realized.
E)Almost all rapists also suffer from a personality disorder.
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79
An individual committing this offense will become sexually aroused by touching or rubbing up against an unsuspecting person.This activity is

A)pedophilic.
B)voyeuristic.
C)sensationism.
D)partialism.
E)frotteuristic.
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80
The diagnosis ofhas shown poor reliability and validity.

A)sexual offender
B)child molester
C)voyeuristic disorder
D)frotteuristic disorder
E)pedophilic disorder
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Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 109 flashcards in this deck.