Deck 6: Rationalism

Question 1

In general, what are the basic differences between empiricism and rationalism? Include in your answer a distinction between a passive and an active mind.

Answer 1

The major differences between empiricism and rationalism can be listed below in the tabulated form are as follows:-
Passive mind refers to the act of mind that relies on sensory information and virtual ideas in a better mechanical and automatic way. It tends to describe by the empiricists type of philosophers. Active mind refers to the act of mind that involves sensory information that leads to the meaningful situations other than the one's own body mind and thoughts. It tends to described by the rationalists type of philosophers.

Question 2

Assume a person robs a bank. Give the general tenor of an explanation of that person's behavior based on reasons and then on causes. In which type of explanation would holding the person responsible for his or her actions make the most sense? Explain.

Answer 2

In this case study, the person robs a bank. He is considered as to be psycho and his mind undergoes a serious type of disorder of robbing personal things and items in a sarcastic way of manner. He thinks only rational type of thoughts that led to the addition of the virtual data in a passive mode of organizing and storing information in a bad condition way of viewpoint.
Typically, the person who plan to rob and then finally robs the bank has considered to be lacking the properties of innate mental operations, principles, thoughts, actions and abilities that are used to modify and analyze the content of thoughts. Furthermore, he is in the state of acting themselves as a goon type person that the world cannot believe that he is ascertained to experience the logical deduction, analysis and argument like conditions.
His actions of mind-body relationship were very weak and poor that he cannot justify with the appropriate conditions of good thinking and thoughts in a better way. He has adopted rational type of morality that is desirable for the other's to think and act in a logistic way. He is also responsible for developing bad sense of actions and thoughts that ultimately postulate an active type of mind by adopting the conditions of rational type of thinking processes.

Question 3

What was Spinoza's conception of nature? What was his position on the mind-body relationship?

Answer 3

Baruch Spinoza was born in the Amsterdam under the custody of Portuguese Jewish parents in the year 1632. He proposed that nature, mind and God were all separate entities that are anthropomorphic in nature. In the Ethics , Spinoza proposed a number of self-evident axioms to deduce the faith of truths about the condition of nature.
Spinoza discover a realm of life that was considered ethically correct and personally satisfying that was the ability to understand the laws of nature by developing faith in God. He narrated God with nature and states that humans are present everything in nature that consists the situation of consciousness and matter. He also proposed solutions to the mind-body problems that impart most awful life in accordance with the laws of nature.
Spinoza postulated a new concept known as mind-body relationship that concludes that the mind and body were two separate things that are present in the living human being. He considered that the mind and the body act as the two sides of a coin that are different from each other in their aspects and their viewpoint. Thus, the mind and the body were two inseparable entities that help to the body to attain new thoughts and emotions.

Question 4

How did Spinoza distinguish between emotions and passions? Give an example of each.

Question 5

In what way did Spinoza's philosophy encourage the development of scientific psychology?

Question 6

What was Malebranche's position on the mind-body relationship?

Question 7

Leibniz disagreed with Locke's contention that all ideas are derived from experience. How did Leibniz explain the origin of ideas?

Question 8

Summarize Leibniz's monadology.

Question 9

Discuss Leibniz's proposed solution to the mind-body problem.

Question 10

Describe the relationship among petites perceptions, limen, and apperception.

Question 11

Summarize Reid's philosophy of common sense. Include in your answer a definition of direct realism.

Question 12

What is faculty psychology?

Question 13

What did Kant mean by an a priori category of thought? According to Kant, how do such categories influence what we experience consciously?

Question 14

Briefly summarize Kant's explanation of the experiences of causality, time, and space.

Question 15

Discuss the importance of the categorical imperative in Kant's philosophy.

Question 16

Did Kant believe that psychology could become a science? Why or why not?

Question 17

Discuss Hegel's notion of the Absolute. Describe the dialectic process by which Hegel felt the Absolute was approximated.

Question 18

Discuss Herbart's notion of the apperceptive mass. For example, how does the apperceptive mass determine which ideas are experienced consciously and which are not? Include in your answer the concept of the limen, or threshold.

Question 19

How did Herbart apply his theory to educational practices?

Question 20

Discuss Herbart as a transitional figure between philosophy and psychology.