Deck 4: Describing Data: Displaying and Exploring Pata
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Deck 4: Describing Data: Displaying and Exploring Pata
1
i. The Cunard luxury liner, Queen Elizabeth 2, cannot be docked in Hong Kong and Bangkok at the
Same time. Events such as these that cannot occur simultaneously are said to be mutually exclusive.
ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication
Formula states that there are (m) • (n) ways of doing both.
iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which order does not matter.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Same time. Events such as these that cannot occur simultaneously are said to be mutually exclusive.
ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication
Formula states that there are (m) • (n) ways of doing both.
iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which order does not matter.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
(i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
2
i. A probability is usually expressed as a decimal, such as 0.70 or 0.27, but it may be given as a
Fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100.
ii. The probability of 1 represents something that is certain to happen.
iii. The probability of 0 represents something that cannot happen.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) is a correct statement but not (ii) or (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100.
ii. The probability of 1 represents something that is certain to happen.
iii. The probability of 0 represents something that cannot happen.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) is a correct statement but not (ii) or (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
(i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
3
You have the assignment of designing colour codes for different parts. Three colours are to be used
On each part, but a combination of three colours used for one part cannot be rearranged and used
To identify a different part. This means that if green, yellow and violet were used to identify a
Camshaft, yellow, violet and green (or any other combination of these three colours) could not be
Used to identify a pinion gear. If there are 35 combinations, how many colours were available?
A) 5
B) 7
C) 9
D) 11
On each part, but a combination of three colours used for one part cannot be rearranged and used
To identify a different part. This means that if green, yellow and violet were used to identify a
Camshaft, yellow, violet and green (or any other combination of these three colours) could not be
Used to identify a pinion gear. If there are 35 combinations, how many colours were available?
A) 5
B) 7
C) 9
D) 11
7
4
i. A subjective probability can be assigned to an event by an individual based on the individual's
Knowledge about the event.
ii. The probability that you would assign to the likelihood that the Hamilton Tiger Cats will be in the
Grey Cup this season must be between 0 and 10.
iii. A probability is a number from -1 to +1 inclusive that measures one's belief that an event resulting
From an experiment will occur.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Knowledge about the event.
ii. The probability that you would assign to the likelihood that the Hamilton Tiger Cats will be in the
Grey Cup this season must be between 0 and 10.
iii. A probability is a number from -1 to +1 inclusive that measures one's belief that an event resulting
From an experiment will occur.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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5
i. A probability is usually expressed as a decimal, such as 0.70 or 0.27, but it may be given as a
Fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100.
ii. The closer a probability is to 0, the more likely that an event will happen.
iii. The closer the probability is to 1.00, the more likely an event will not happen.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) is a correct statement but not (ii) or (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100.
ii. The closer a probability is to 0, the more likely that an event will happen.
iii. The closer the probability is to 1.00, the more likely an event will not happen.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) is a correct statement but not (ii) or (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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6
A builder has agreed not to erect all "look alike" homes in a new subdivision. Five exterior designs
Are offered to potential homebuyers. The builder has standardized three interior plans that can be
Incorporated in any of the five exteriors. How many different ways are the exterior and interior plans
Offered to potential homebuyers?
A) 8
B) 10
C) 15
D) 30
Are offered to potential homebuyers. The builder has standardized three interior plans that can be
Incorporated in any of the five exteriors. How many different ways are the exterior and interior plans
Offered to potential homebuyers?
A) 8
B) 10
C) 15
D) 30
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7
Six basic colours are to be used in decorating a new condominium. They are to be applied to a unit
In groups of four colours. One unit might have gold as the principal colour, blue as a complementary
Colour, red as the accent colour and touches of white. Another unit might have blue as the principal
Colour, white as the complimentary colour, gold as the accent colour and touches of red. If
Repetitions are permitted, how many different units can be decorated?
A) 7,825
B) 24
C) 125
D) 1,296
In groups of four colours. One unit might have gold as the principal colour, blue as a complementary
Colour, red as the accent colour and touches of white. Another unit might have blue as the principal
Colour, white as the complimentary colour, gold as the accent colour and touches of red. If
Repetitions are permitted, how many different units can be decorated?
A) 7,825
B) 24
C) 125
D) 1,296
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8
Six basic colours are to be used in decorating a new condominium. They are to be applied to a unit
In groups of four colours. One unit might have gold as the principal colour, blue as a complementary
Colour, red as the accent colour and touches of white. Another unit might have blue as the principal
Colour, white as the complimentary colour, gold as the accent colour and touches of red. If
Repetitions are not permitted, how many different units can be decorated?
A) 360
B) 25
C) 125
D) 1,296
In groups of four colours. One unit might have gold as the principal colour, blue as a complementary
Colour, red as the accent colour and touches of white. Another unit might have blue as the principal
Colour, white as the complimentary colour, gold as the accent colour and touches of red. If
Repetitions are not permitted, how many different units can be decorated?
A) 360
B) 25
C) 125
D) 1,296
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9
Consideration is being given to forming a Super Ten Basketball Conference. The top 10 university
Basketball teams in the country, based on past records, would be members of the Super Ten
Conference. Each team would play every other team in the conference during the season and the
Team winning the most games would be declared the national champion. How many games would
The conference commissioner have to schedule each year? (Remember, McMaster versus Alberta is
The same as Alberta versus McMaster.)
A) 45
B) 50
C) 125
D) 14
Basketball teams in the country, based on past records, would be members of the Super Ten
Conference. Each team would play every other team in the conference during the season and the
Team winning the most games would be declared the national champion. How many games would
The conference commissioner have to schedule each year? (Remember, McMaster versus Alberta is
The same as Alberta versus McMaster.)
A) 45
B) 50
C) 125
D) 14
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10
There are two letters C and D If repetitions such as CC are permitted, how many permutations are possible?
A) 1
B) 0
C) 4
D) 8
A) 1
B) 0
C) 4
D) 8
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11
i. An experiment is an activity that is either observed or measured.
ii. If an experiment, such as a die-tossing experiment, has a set of events that includes every
Possible outcome, the set of events is called collectively exhaustive.
iii. The combination formula is: n!/(n - r)!
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
ii. If an experiment, such as a die-tossing experiment, has a set of events that includes every
Possible outcome, the set of events is called collectively exhaustive.
iii. The combination formula is: n!/(n - r)!
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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12
An electronics firm manufactures three models of stereo receivers, two cassette decks, four
Speakers and three CD players. When the four types of components are sold together, they form a
"system." How many different systems can the electronic firm offer?
A) 36
B) 18
C) 72
D) 144
Speakers and three CD players. When the four types of components are sold together, they form a
"system." How many different systems can the electronic firm offer?
A) 36
B) 18
C) 72
D) 144
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13
A rug manufacturer has decided to use 7 compatible colours in her rugs. However, in weaving a rug,
Only 5 spindles can be used. In advertising, the rug manufacturer wants to indicate the number of
Different colour groupings for sale. How many colour groupings using the seven colours taken five
At a time are there? (This assumes that 5 different colours will go into each rug, i.e., there are no
Repetitions of colour.)
A) 120
B) 2,520
C) 6,740
D) 36
Only 5 spindles can be used. In advertising, the rug manufacturer wants to indicate the number of
Different colour groupings for sale. How many colour groupings using the seven colours taken five
At a time are there? (This assumes that 5 different colours will go into each rug, i.e., there are no
Repetitions of colour.)
A) 120
B) 2,520
C) 6,740
D) 36
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14
The numbers 0 through 9 are to be used in code groups of four to identify an item of clothing. Code
1083 might identify a blue blouse, size medium. The code group 2031 might identify a pair of pants,
Size 18, and so on. Repetitions of numbers are not permitted, i.e., the same number cannot be used
More than once in a total sequence. As examples, 2256, 2562 or 5559 would not be permitted.
How many different code groups can be designed?
A) 5,040
B) 620
C) 10,200
D) 120
1083 might identify a blue blouse, size medium. The code group 2031 might identify a pair of pants,
Size 18, and so on. Repetitions of numbers are not permitted, i.e., the same number cannot be used
More than once in a total sequence. As examples, 2256, 2562 or 5559 would not be permitted.
How many different code groups can be designed?
A) 5,040
B) 620
C) 10,200
D) 120
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15
i. The probability of an event, based on a classical approach, is defined as the number of favourable
Outcomes divided by the total number of possible outcomes.
ii. If among several events only one can occur at a time, we refer to these events as being mutually
Exclusive events.
iii. The probability of rolling a 3 or 2 on a single die is an example of conditional probability.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Outcomes divided by the total number of possible outcomes.
ii. If among several events only one can occur at a time, we refer to these events as being mutually
Exclusive events.
iii. The probability of rolling a 3 or 2 on a single die is an example of conditional probability.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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16
A sales representative calls on four hospitals in York Region. It is immaterial what order he calls on
Them. How many ways can he organize his calls?
A) 4
B) 24
C) 120
D) 37
Them. How many ways can he organize his calls?
A) 4
B) 24
C) 120
D) 37
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17
i. The Cunard luxury liner, Queen Elizabeth 2, cannot be docked in Hong Kong and Bangkok at the
Same time. Events such as these that cannot occur simultaneously are said to be collectively
Exhaustive.
ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication
Formula states that there are (m)(n) ways of doing both.
iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which there is an order from the first
Through the last.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Same time. Events such as these that cannot occur simultaneously are said to be collectively
Exhaustive.
ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication
Formula states that there are (m)(n) ways of doing both.
iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which there is an order from the first
Through the last.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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18
i. A probability is usually expressed as a decimal, such as 0.70 or 0.27, but it may be given as a
Fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100.
ii. The closer a probability is to 0, the more likely that an event will not happen.
iii. The closer the probability is to 1.00, the more likely an event will happen.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) is a correct statement but not (ii) or (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100.
ii. The closer a probability is to 0, the more likely that an event will not happen.
iii. The closer the probability is to 1.00, the more likely an event will happen.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) is a correct statement but not (ii) or (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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19
What does
equal?
A) 640
B) 36
C) 10
D) 120

A) 640
B) 36
C) 10
D) 120
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20
i. An illustration of an experiment is turning the ignition key of an automobile as it comes off the
Assembly line to determine whether or not the engine will start.
ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication
Formula states that there are (m)*(n) ways of doing both.
iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which there is an order from the first
Through the last.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Assembly line to determine whether or not the engine will start.
ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication
Formula states that there are (m)*(n) ways of doing both.
iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which there is an order from the first
Through the last.
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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21
A survey of top executives revealed that 35% of them regularly read Time magazine, 20% read
Newsweek and 40% read Macleans & World Report. Ten percent read both Time and Macleans.
What is the probability that a particular top executive reads either Time or Macleans regularly?
A) 0.85
B) 0.06
C) 1.00
D) 0.65
Newsweek and 40% read Macleans & World Report. Ten percent read both Time and Macleans.
What is the probability that a particular top executive reads either Time or Macleans regularly?
A) 0.85
B) 0.06
C) 1.00
D) 0.65
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22
When an experiment is conducted "without replacement",
A) events are independent
B) events are equally likely
C) the experiment can be illustrated with a Venn Diagram
D) the probability of two or more events is computed as a joint probability
A) events are independent
B) events are equally likely
C) the experiment can be illustrated with a Venn Diagram
D) the probability of two or more events is computed as a joint probability
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23
What does the complement rule state?
A) P(A) = P(A) - P(B)
B) P(A) = 1 - P(not A)
C) P(A) = P(A) • P(B)
D) P(A) = P(A)X + P(B)
A) P(A) = P(A) - P(B)
B) P(A) = 1 - P(not A)
C) P(A) = P(A) • P(B)
D) P(A) = P(A)X + P(B)
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24
A group of employees of Unique Services is to be surveyed with respect to a new pension plan. In-
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.
What is the probability that the first person selected is classified as a maintenance employee?
A) 0.20
B) 0.50
C) 0.025
D) 1.00
E) None of the choices are correct
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.

What is the probability that the first person selected is classified as a maintenance employee?
A) 0.20
B) 0.50
C) 0.025
D) 1.00
E) None of the choices are correct
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25
According to which classification or type of probability are the events equally likely?
A) Classical
B) Empirical
C) Subjective
D) Mutually exclusive
A) Classical
B) Empirical
C) Subjective
D) Mutually exclusive
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26
The result of a particular experiment is called a(n)
A) observation.
B) conditional probability.
C) event.
D) outcome.
A) observation.
B) conditional probability.
C) event.
D) outcome.
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27
The machine has just been filled with 50 black, 150 white, 100 red and 100 yellow gum balls that
Have been thoroughly mixed. Sue and Jim approached the machine first. They both said they
Wanted red gum balls. What is the likelihood they will get their wish?
A) 0.50
B) 0.062
C) 0.33
D) 0.75
Have been thoroughly mixed. Sue and Jim approached the machine first. They both said they
Wanted red gum balls. What is the likelihood they will get their wish?
A) 0.50
B) 0.062
C) 0.33
D) 0.75
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28
When an event's probability depends on the likelihood of another event, the probability is
A) conditional probability.
B) empirical probability.
C) joint probability.
D) Mutually exclusive probability.
A) conditional probability.
B) empirical probability.
C) joint probability.
D) Mutually exclusive probability.
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29
The first card selected from a standard 52-card deck was a king. If it is returned to the deck, what is
The probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection?
A) 1/4 or 0.25
B) 1/13 or 0.077
C) 12/13 or 0.923
D) 1/3 or 0.33
The probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection?
A) 1/4 or 0.25
B) 1/13 or 0.077
C) 12/13 or 0.923
D) 1/3 or 0.33
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30
There are 10 rolls of film in a box and 3 are defective. Two rolls are to be selected one after the
Other. What is the probability of selecting a defective roll followed by another defective roll?
A) 1/2 or 0.50
B) 1/4 or 0.25
C) 1/120, or about 0.0083
D) 1/15, or about 0.07
Other. What is the probability of selecting a defective roll followed by another defective roll?
A) 1/2 or 0.50
B) 1/4 or 0.25
C) 1/120, or about 0.0083
D) 1/15, or about 0.07
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31
When two or more events can occur concurrently it is called
A) conditional probability.
B) empirical probability.
C) joint probability.
D) a tree diagram.
A) conditional probability.
B) empirical probability.
C) joint probability.
D) a tree diagram.
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32
Routine physical examinations are conducted annually as part of a health service program for the
Employees. It was discovered that 8% of the employees needed corrective shoes, 15% needed
Major dental work and 3% needed both corrective shoes and major dental work. What is the
Probability that an employee selected at random will need either corrective shoes or major dental
Work?
A) 0.20
B) 0.25
C) 0.50
D) 1.00
Employees. It was discovered that 8% of the employees needed corrective shoes, 15% needed
Major dental work and 3% needed both corrective shoes and major dental work. What is the
Probability that an employee selected at random will need either corrective shoes or major dental
Work?
A) 0.20
B) 0.25
C) 0.50
D) 1.00
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33
When are two events mutually exclusive?
A) They overlap on a Venn diagram
B) If one event occurs, then the other cannot
C) Probability of one affects the probability of the other
D) They both happen at the same time
A) They overlap on a Venn diagram
B) If one event occurs, then the other cannot
C) Probability of one affects the probability of the other
D) They both happen at the same time
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34
Which approach to probability is exemplified by the following formula? 
A) Classical approach
B) Empirical approach
C) Subjective approach

A) Classical approach
B) Empirical approach
C) Subjective approach
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35
A board of directors consists of eight men and four women. A four-member search committee is to
Be chosen at random to recommend a new company president. What is the probability that all four
Members of the search committee will be women?
A) 1/120 or 0.00083
B) 1/16 or 0.0625
C) 1/8 or 0.125
D) 1/495 or 0.002
Be chosen at random to recommend a new company president. What is the probability that all four
Members of the search committee will be women?
A) 1/120 or 0.00083
B) 1/16 or 0.0625
C) 1/8 or 0.125
D) 1/495 or 0.002
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36
A study of 200 stamping firms revealed these incomes after taxes:
What is the probability that a particular firm selected has $1 million or more in income after taxes?
A) 0.00
B) 0.25
C) 0.49
D) 0.51

A) 0.00
B) 0.25
C) 0.49
D) 0.51
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37
Giorgio offers the person who purchases a 250 ml bottle of Allure two free gifts, either an umbrella,
A 30 ml bottle of Midnight, a feminine shaving kit, a raincoat or a pair of rain boots. If you purchased
Allure what is the probability you selected at random an umbrella and a shaving kit in that order?
A) 0.00
B) 1.00
C) 0.05
D) 0.20
A 30 ml bottle of Midnight, a feminine shaving kit, a raincoat or a pair of rain boots. If you purchased
Allure what is the probability you selected at random an umbrella and a shaving kit in that order?
A) 0.00
B) 1.00
C) 0.05
D) 0.20
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38
The National Centre for Health Statistics reported that of every 883 deaths in recent years, 24
Resulted from an automobile accident, 182 from cancer and 333 from heart disease. Using the
Relative frequency approach, what is the probability that a particular death is due to an automobile
Accident?
A) 24/883 or 0.027
B) 539/883 or 0.610
C) 24/333 or 0.072
D) 182/883 or 0.206
Resulted from an automobile accident, 182 from cancer and 333 from heart disease. Using the
Relative frequency approach, what is the probability that a particular death is due to an automobile
Accident?
A) 24/883 or 0.027
B) 539/883 or 0.610
C) 24/333 or 0.072
D) 182/883 or 0.206
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39
A lamp manufacturer has developed five lamp bases and four lampshades that could be used
Together. How many different arrangements of base and shade can be offered?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
Together. How many different arrangements of base and shade can be offered?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
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40
i. The complement rule states that the probability of an event not occurring is equal to one minus
The probability of its occurrence.
ii. If there are two independent events A and B, the probability that A and B will occur is found by
Multiplying the two probabilities. Thus for two events A and B, the special rule of multiplication
Shown symbolically is: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B).
iii. The general rule of multiplication is used to find the joint probability that two events will occur.
Symbolically, the joint probability P(A and B) is found by: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B/A).
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
The probability of its occurrence.
ii. If there are two independent events A and B, the probability that A and B will occur is found by
Multiplying the two probabilities. Thus for two events A and B, the special rule of multiplication
Shown symbolically is: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B).
iii. The general rule of multiplication is used to find the joint probability that two events will occur.
Symbolically, the joint probability P(A and B) is found by: P(A and B) = P(A) P(B/A).
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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41
A study of the opinion of designers with respect to the primary colour most desirable for use in
Executive offices showed that:
What is the probability that a designer does not prefer red?
A) 1.00
B) 0.77
C) 0.73
D) 0.23
Executive offices showed that:

What is the probability that a designer does not prefer red?
A) 1.00
B) 0.77
C) 0.73
D) 0.23
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42
A group of employees of Unique Services is to be surveyed with respect to a new pension plan. In-
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.
What is the probability that the first person selected is either in maintenance or in secretarial?
A) 0.200
B) 0.015
C) 0.059
D) 0.001
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.

What is the probability that the first person selected is either in maintenance or in secretarial?
A) 0.200
B) 0.015
C) 0.059
D) 0.001
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43
An automatic machine inserts mixed vegetables into a plastic bag. Past experience revealed that
Some packages were underweight and some were overweight, but most of them had satisfactory
Weight.
What is the probability of selecting and finding that all three of them are overweight?
A) 0.0000156
B) 0.0004218
C) 0.0000001
D) 0.075
Some packages were underweight and some were overweight, but most of them had satisfactory
Weight.

What is the probability of selecting and finding that all three of them are overweight?
A) 0.0000156
B) 0.0004218
C) 0.0000001
D) 0.075
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44
A study by Tourism Ontario revealed that 50% of the vacationers going to Toronto visit the CN
Tower, 40% visit SkyDome and 35% visit both. What is the probability that a vacationer will visit at
Least one of these magnificent attractions?
A) 0.95
B) 0.35
C) 0.55
D) 0.05
Tower, 40% visit SkyDome and 35% visit both. What is the probability that a vacationer will visit at
Least one of these magnificent attractions?
A) 0.95
B) 0.35
C) 0.55
D) 0.05
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45
The following distribution table represents preferences for two types of cereals by 2000 boys and
Girls.
Find the probability that an individual selected at random will be a boy and prefer Fruity cereal.
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
Girls.

Find the probability that an individual selected at random will be a boy and prefer Fruity cereal.
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
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46
i. A coin is tossed four times. The probability is ¼ or 0.25 that all four tosses will result in a head
Face up.
ii. A coin is tossed four times. The probability is 1/8 or 0.125 that all four tosses will result in a head
Face up.
iii. If two events are mutually exclusive, then P(A or B) = P(A) P(B).
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
Face up.
ii. A coin is tossed four times. The probability is 1/8 or 0.125 that all four tosses will result in a head
Face up.
iii. If two events are mutually exclusive, then P(A or B) = P(A) P(B).
A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all false statements.
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47
Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross classified into the following table.
What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random will have below average sales ability
And fair potential for advancement?
A) 0.032
B) 0.10
C) 0.16
D) 0.32
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross classified into the following table.

What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random will have below average sales ability
And fair potential for advancement?
A) 0.032
B) 0.10
C) 0.16
D) 0.32
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48
The following distribution table represents preferences for two types of cereals by 2,000 boys and
Girls.
Find the probability that a person prefers Fruity cereal given that the person is a boy.
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
Girls.

Find the probability that a person prefers Fruity cereal given that the person is a boy.
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
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49
A study of the opinion of designers with respect to the primary colour most desirable for use in
Executive offices showed that:
What is the probability that a designer does not prefer yellow?
A) 0.000
B) 0.765
C) 0.885
D) 1.000
Executive offices showed that:

What is the probability that a designer does not prefer yellow?
A) 0.000
B) 0.765
C) 0.885
D) 1.000
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50
A tire manufacturer advertises, "the median life of our new all-season radial tire is 120,000 kms. An
Immediate adjustment will be made on any tire that does not last 120,000 kms." You purchased four
Of these tires. What is the probability that all four tires will wear out before traveling 120,000 kms?
A) 1/10 or 0.10
B) ¼ or 0.25
C) 1/64 or 0.0156
D) 1/16 or 0.0625
Immediate adjustment will be made on any tire that does not last 120,000 kms." You purchased four
Of these tires. What is the probability that all four tires will wear out before traveling 120,000 kms?
A) 1/10 or 0.10
B) ¼ or 0.25
C) 1/64 or 0.0156
D) 1/16 or 0.0625
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51
The following distribution table represents preferences for two types of cereals by 2,000 boys and
Girls.
What is the probability that an individual, whether a boy or girl, prefers nutty cereal?
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
E) 800/2000
Girls.

What is the probability that an individual, whether a boy or girl, prefers nutty cereal?
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
E) 800/2000
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52
A group of employees of Unique Services is to be surveyed with respect to a new pension plan. In-
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.
What is the probability that the first person selected is in management and in supervision?
A) 0.00
B) 0.06
C) 0.15
D) 0.21
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.

What is the probability that the first person selected is in management and in supervision?
A) 0.00
B) 0.06
C) 0.15
D) 0.21
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53
If two events are independent, then their joint probability is
A) computed with the special rule of addition
B) computed with the special rule of multiplication
C) computed with the general rule of multiplication
D) computed with Bayes theorem
A) computed with the special rule of addition
B) computed with the special rule of multiplication
C) computed with the general rule of multiplication
D) computed with Bayes theorem
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54
Three defective electric toothbrushes were accidentally shipped to a drugstore by the manufacturer
Along with 17 non-defective ones. What is the probability that the first two electric toothbrushes sold
Will be returned to the drugstore because they are defective?
A) 3/20 or 0.15
B) 3/17 or 0.176
C) 1/4 or 0.25
D) 3/190 or 0.01579
Along with 17 non-defective ones. What is the probability that the first two electric toothbrushes sold
Will be returned to the drugstore because they are defective?
A) 3/20 or 0.15
B) 3/17 or 0.176
C) 1/4 or 0.25
D) 3/190 or 0.01579
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55
Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross classified into the following table.
What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random will have average sales ability and
Good potential for advancement?
A) 0.09
B) 0.12
C) 0.30
D) 0.525
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross classified into the following table.

What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random will have average sales ability and
Good potential for advancement?
A) 0.09
B) 0.12
C) 0.30
D) 0.525
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56
An automatic machine inserts mixed vegetables into a plastic bag. Past experience revealed that
Some packages were underweight and some were overweight, but most of them had satisfactory
Weight.
What is the probability of selecting and finding that all three of them are satisfactory?
A) 0.900
B) 0.810
C) 0.729
D) 0.075
Some packages were underweight and some were overweight, but most of them had satisfactory
Weight.

What is the probability of selecting and finding that all three of them are satisfactory?
A) 0.900
B) 0.810
C) 0.729
D) 0.075
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57
Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross classified into the following table.
What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random has above average sales ability and is
An excellent potential for advancement?
A) 0.20
B) 0.50
C) 0.27
D) 0.75
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross classified into the following table.

What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random has above average sales ability and is
An excellent potential for advancement?
A) 0.20
B) 0.50
C) 0.27
D) 0.75
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58
When applying the special rule of addition for mutually exclusive events, the joint probability is:
A) 1
B) .5
C) 0
D) 0.25
E) unknown
A) 1
B) .5
C) 0
D) 0.25
E) unknown
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59
A study of the opinion of designers with respect to the primary colour most desirable for use in
Executive offices showed that:
What is the probability that a designer does not prefer blue?
A) 1.0000
B) 0.9075
C) 0.8850
D) 0.7725
Executive offices showed that:

What is the probability that a designer does not prefer blue?
A) 1.0000
B) 0.9075
C) 0.8850
D) 0.7725
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60
A group of employees of Unique Services is to be surveyed with respect to a new pension plan. In-
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.
What is the probability that the first person selected is a supervisor and in production?
A) 0.00
B) 0.06
C) 0.15
D) 0.21
Depth interviews are to be conducted with each employee selected in the sample. The employees
Are classified as follows.

What is the probability that the first person selected is a supervisor and in production?
A) 0.00
B) 0.06
C) 0.15
D) 0.21
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61
An insurance company has collected the following data on the gender and marital status of 400
Customers.
Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is
Married if the customer is female.
A) 125/240
B) 50/160
C) 110/160
D) 50/400
Customers.

Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is
Married if the customer is female.
A) 125/240
B) 50/160
C) 110/160
D) 50/400
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62
The following distribution table represents preferences for two types of cereals by 2000 boys and
Girls.
Determine the probability that the person is a boy, given that the person likes Fruity Cereal.
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
Girls.

Determine the probability that the person is a boy, given that the person likes Fruity Cereal.
A) 500/1,000
B) 500/2,000
C) 1,200/2,000
D) 500/1,200
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63
Type of Attack
If one person is randomly selected, what is the likelihood that he or she was victimized by a
Stranger, given that a robbery victim is selected?
A) 389/505
B) 389/1,118
C) 389/2,000
D) 1,234/2,000

Stranger, given that a robbery victim is selected?
A) 389/505
B) 389/1,118
C) 389/2,000
D) 1,234/2,000
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64
Type of Attack
Given that an assault victim is selected, what is the likelihood that the criminal is a stranger?
A) 757/2000
B) 1787/2000
C) 757/1426
D) 1426/2000

A) 757/2000
B) 1787/2000
C) 757/1426
D) 1426/2000
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65
Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross-classified into the following table:
What is the probability that the selected salesperson has below average sales ability?
A) 50/500
B) 150/500
C) 300/500
D) 16/50
E) 154/500
Advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross-classified into the following table:

What is the probability that the selected salesperson has below average sales ability?
A) 50/500
B) 150/500
C) 300/500
D) 16/50
E) 154/500
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66
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
Given that a randomly selected company plans to add jobs during the next 18 months, what is the
Probability that they have an unfavourable outlook for the economy?
A) 325/500
B) 100/175
C) 175/500
D) 100/165
E) 15/165
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

Given that a randomly selected company plans to add jobs during the next 18 months, what is the
Probability that they have an unfavourable outlook for the economy?
A) 325/500
B) 100/175
C) 175/500
D) 100/165
E) 15/165
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67
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
Given that a randomly selected company plans to add jobs during the next 18 months, what is the
Probability that they have a favourable outlook for the economy?
A) 325/500
B) 165/500
C) 175/500
D) 235/500
E) 100/165
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

Given that a randomly selected company plans to add jobs during the next 18 months, what is the
Probability that they have a favourable outlook for the economy?
A) 325/500
B) 165/500
C) 175/500
D) 235/500
E) 100/165
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68
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
What is the probability that a randomly selected company has an unfavourable forecast for the
Economy for the next 18 months?
A) 25/500
B) 325/500
C) 65/500
D) 175/500
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

What is the probability that a randomly selected company has an unfavourable forecast for the
Economy for the next 18 months?
A) 25/500
B) 325/500
C) 65/500
D) 175/500
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69
Type of Attack
What is the likelihood of a victim being attacked by a relative or acquaintance?
A) 389/505
B) 834/2000
C) 389/2000
D) 1166/2000

A) 389/505
B) 834/2000
C) 389/2000
D) 1166/2000
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70
An insurance company has collected the following data on the gender and marital status of 400
Customers.
Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is
Not single.
A) 75/400
B) 175/400
C) 150/500
D) 325/500
Customers.

Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is
Not single.
A) 75/400
B) 175/400
C) 150/500
D) 325/500
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71
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
Given that a randomly selected company has a favourable forecast, what is the probability that it
Plans to cut jobs during the next 18 months?
A) 25/500
B) 25/175
C) 125/175
D) 175/500
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

Given that a randomly selected company has a favourable forecast, what is the probability that it
Plans to cut jobs during the next 18 months?
A) 25/500
B) 25/175
C) 125/175
D) 175/500
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72
An insurance company has collected the following data on the gender and marital status of 400
Customers.
Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Is it more likely to be a single female or a single
Male? Determine the probabilities of each.
A) P(single male) = 25/240, P(single female) = 50/160, therefore more likely to be a single male
B) P(single male) = 25/400, P(single female) = 50/400, therefore more likely to be a single female.
C) P(single male) = 290/400, P(single female) = 185/400, therefore more likely to be a single male
D) P(single male) = P(single female) therefore equally likely
Customers.

Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Is it more likely to be a single female or a single
Male? Determine the probabilities of each.
A) P(single male) = 25/240, P(single female) = 50/160, therefore more likely to be a single male
B) P(single male) = 25/400, P(single female) = 50/400, therefore more likely to be a single female.
C) P(single male) = 290/400, P(single female) = 185/400, therefore more likely to be a single male
D) P(single male) = P(single female) therefore equally likely
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73
An insurance company has collected the following data on the gender and marital status of 400
Customers.
Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is
Married if the customer is male.
A) 125/240
B) 175/400
C) 125/175
D) 175/240
Customers.

Suppose that a customer is selected at random. Find the probability that the customer selected is
Married if the customer is male.
A) 125/240
B) 175/400
C) 125/175
D) 175/240
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74
Type of Attack
Find the probability that when 1 of the 2000 subjects is randomly selected, the person chosen was
Robbed or was victimized by an acquaintance or relative.
A) 1223/2000
B) 903/1000
C) 1292/2000
D) 1234/2000

Robbed or was victimized by an acquaintance or relative.
A) 1223/2000
B) 903/1000
C) 1292/2000
D) 1234/2000
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75
Type of Attack
If two different subjects are randomly selected, find the probability that they were both robbed.
A) 27.5%
B) 25.5%
C) 55%
D) 6.4%

A) 27.5%
B) 25.5%
C) 55%
D) 6.4%
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76
The customer service department of H&R Block received a total of 235 telephone requests for a tip-
Sheet on personal tax or corporate tax. The following table summarizes callers' primary area of
Interest, and how they first heard about the tip-sheet.
If one person is randomly selected, what is the likelihood that the caller first heard about the report
From Television, given that the topic of interest is personal tax?
A) 40/235
B) 26/100
C) 20/100
D) 20/235
Sheet on personal tax or corporate tax. The following table summarizes callers' primary area of
Interest, and how they first heard about the tip-sheet.

If one person is randomly selected, what is the likelihood that the caller first heard about the report
From Television, given that the topic of interest is personal tax?
A) 40/235
B) 26/100
C) 20/100
D) 20/235
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77
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
What is the probability that a randomly selected company does not plan to add jobs during the next
18 months?
A) 165/500
B) 335/500
C) 210/500
D) 25/500
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

What is the probability that a randomly selected company does not plan to add jobs during the next
18 months?
A) 165/500
B) 335/500
C) 210/500
D) 25/500
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78
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
What is the probability that a randomly selected company plans to cut jobs during the next 18
Months?
A) 125/500
B) 375/500
C) 210/500
D) 25/500
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

What is the probability that a randomly selected company plans to cut jobs during the next 18
Months?
A) 125/500
B) 375/500
C) 210/500
D) 25/500
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79
A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.
What is the probability that a randomly selected company from this sample does not have a
Favourable outlook for the economy over the next 18 months?
A) 325/500
B) 260/500
C) 175/500
D) 65/500
Next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of
Time.

What is the probability that a randomly selected company from this sample does not have a
Favourable outlook for the economy over the next 18 months?
A) 325/500
B) 260/500
C) 175/500
D) 65/500
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80
Type of Attack
If one person is randomly selected, find the probability that they were victimized by a stranger.
A) 389/1166
B) 389/834
C) 1166/2000
D) 1234/2000

A) 389/1166
B) 389/834
C) 1166/2000
D) 1234/2000
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