Deck 10: Ecology of the Community

Question 1

Community services are needed to

A) Help serve an increasing population.
B) Meet the changing nature of the family.
C) Meet the needs of a population as it moves from urban to rural.
D) All answers are correct.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Communal relationships that are cooperative, close, intimate, and informal are characteristic of

A) Gemeinschaft.
B) Gesellschaft.
C) Formal support systems.
D) All mesosystems.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Homogenous neighborhoods include people of _________ backgrounds whereas heterogeneous neighborhoods include people of _________ backgrounds.

A) Differing; Similar
B) Similar; Differing
C) Urban; Rural
D) Religious; Non-religious

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The National and Community Service Trust Act, which was passed in 1993, does what?

A) Makes military service compulsory (required)
B) Gives grants to schools to develop and implement school involvement projects
C) Requires all students to complete high school
D) Provides rules for the establishment of alternative schools in neighborhoods

Question 5

Agencies that use both public and private sources of money are termed

A) User-driven.
B) Public.
C) Combination.
D) Community-based.

Question 6

Privately-funded community services are examples of which kind of support?

A) Informal
B) Formal
C) Kin
D) Homogeneous

Question 7

Which of the following is evidence that environmental noise affects children's development?

A) In Germany, children who lived near the airport were found to have higher stress levels.
B) In California, noise from the freeway was linked to poorer test scores.
C) Both answers are correct.
D) Neither of the answers are correct; Environmental noise does not affect development.

Question 8

Gemeinschaft is to Gesellschaft

A) As informal is to formal
B) As trust is to mistrust
C) As non-cooperative is to cooperative
D) Independent is to dependent

Question 9

Children's economic well-being is directly related to that of their

A) Peers.
B) Families.
C) Teachers.
D) Roles.

Question 10

High population density has

A) Negative effects on social relationships.
B) Positive effects on social relationships.
C) Both positive and negative effects on social relationships.
D) No answers are correct; Population density is not linked to social relationships.

Question 11

Public agencies are financed through

A) Tax revenues.
B) Donations.
C) Membership dues.
D) Conference fees.

Question 12

The psychological and practical relationships between humans and their social, as well as physical, environment is termed

A) Community ecology.
B) Community.
C) Population density.
D) Convention.

Question 13

Compared to small towns, urban areas

A) Rely on formal rules and regulations to enforce behavior rather than informal norms.
B) Have norms that are more homogeneous.
C) Are likely to have families with similar goals for socializing their children.
D) No answers are correct.

Question 14

The implementation of Head Start and the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act are examples of

A) Chronosystem influences.
B) Changes in the macrosystem over time.
C) Programs driven by political ideology.
D) All answers are correct.

Question 15

The community has the means to enforce adherence to community values. This is an example of the ________ function of the community.

A) Social Control
B) Social Participation
C) Mutual Support
D) Cooperative

Question 16

Mary's agency offers many programs, all aimed at reducing the stress and strains of life while offering solutions to problems before they occur. Mary's agency is best described as

A) Preventive.
B) Supportive.
C) Rehabilitative.
D) Combination.

Question 17

A playground that has swings, a slide, a teeter-totter, and a sandbox is termed

A) Traditional.
B) Modern.
C) Adept.
D) Outside.

Question 18

Neighborhoods affect children's

A) Exposure to adult interactions.
B) Friendship patterns.
C) Types of play.
D) All answers are correct.

Question 19

In Philadelphia, a higher than average percentage of students who attended "school without walls"

A) Dropped out of high school.
B) Went on to college.
C) Were involved in criminal activity.
D) Came from low socioeconomic backgrounds.

Question 20

The city of Richfield installed a playground made of old lumber, tires, crates, bricks, and rocks. Which of the following should we expect?

A) Children using this playground will be more involved in expressing ideas and fantasies than children using the two other types of playgrounds.
B) Preschool children will use this playground the most.
C) Teenagers will use this playground less than they would other types of playgrounds.
D) All children will use this playground; Usage rates will not vary by developmental age.

Question 21

Which of the following is not a purpose of family preservation services?

A) To keep families safe
B) Avoid unnecessary placement of children in substitute care
C) Emphasize family deficits
D) Improve family functioning

Question 22

Central Park in New York City was established in the

A) 17th century (1600s).
B) 18th century (1700s).
C) 19th century (1800s).
D) 20th century (1900s).

Question 23

Unemployment compensation is intended to maintain what percentage of a worker's income during a temporary period of involuntary unemployment?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%

Question 24

Adoption differs from foster care in that in adoption

A) The child gains legal rights similar to other family members.
B) Living arrangements are not meant to be permanent.
C) Families do not go through a legal process.
D) All answers are correct.

Question 25

According to your text, nearly all state child protective services stop foster care payments when a child reaches age

A) 12 years.
B) 16 years.
C) 18 years.
D) 21 years.

Question 26

Which of the following is the fastest-growing segment of homeless Americans?

A) Adult males
B) Adult females
C) Families with children
D) The elderly

Question 27

Which are included under the child welfare umbrella?

A) Children living in their own homes
B) Foster children without a home
C) Institutionalized children
D) All answers are correct

Question 28

One in _________ children in the Unites States lives in poverty.

A) 3
B) 6
C) 10
D) 20

Question 29

The Women, Infants, and Children Program provides

A) Federal funds for the purchase of vaccines.
B) Nutritious food to low-income and lactating women and children under age 4 who are at nutritional risk.
C) Matching money which states can use to fund medical services for low-income individuals.
D) Money to fund the transition from foster care to adoption.

Question 30

Sarah lives with her mother in a homeless shelter. A possible risk for Sarah is

A) Depression.
B) Sleep disorders.
C) Short attention span.
D) All answers are correct.

Question 31

What percentage of children is not covered by any health insurance program?

A) 3%
B) 5%
C) 12%
D) 50%

Question 32

According to your text, a Parks and Recreation program designed to keep children from engaging in delinquent behavior would be categorized as a

A) Preventive service.
B) Supportive service.
C) Rehabilitative service.
D) Service in the microsystem.

Question 33

Which of the following is proposed as a reason for the aggressive behavior sometimes found in communities?

A) Lack of social supports
B) Distorted personal orientations
C) A sense that aggression is the only acceptable way to avenge an insult
D) All answers are correct

Question 34

The federal program that provides families with financial assistance, and was designed to replace Aid to Families with Dependent Children, is called

A) Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.
B) Unemployment Compensation.
C) National Temporary Loan Program.
D) Title IX.

Question 35

Low-birthweight is linked to

A) Lack of prenatal care.
B) Drug and alcohol abuse.
C) Mother under age 18 years.
D) All answers are correct.

Question 36

An example of an ongoing children's advocacy group is

A) Child Welfare League of American (CWLA)
B) Boys and Girls Club
C) YMCA
D) Child Protective Services

Question 37

A key factor preventing foster families from adopting their foster children is

A) Loss of federal monetary support if the foster child is adopted.
B) Private insurance companies are reluctant to cover preexisting conditions.
C) Loss of federal support for medical expenses if the foster child is adopted.
D) All answers are correct.

Question 38

Bob lost his job. Based on national trends, what is Bob at risk for beyond living in poverty?

A) Increased problems within his family of procreation
B) Alcoholism
C) Loss of self-worth
D) All answers are correct

Question 39

Services that maintain the health, education, and welfare of the community are called

A) Supportive.
B) Chronological.
C) Linked-In.
D) Preventive.

Question 40

Which of the following is true?

A) Many families are poor even though both parents are employed.
B) If the parent(s) are employed, a family cannot be considered poor.
C) In a poor family the head of household is likely to be well-educated.
D) A large proportion of families that are poor are headed by single men.

Question 41

Neighborhoods which include people of similar backgrounds are called _________.

Question 42

The set of services whose philosophy is to keep families safe, to avoid unnecessary placement of children in substitute care, and to improve family functioning is collectively known as _________.

Question 43

The Administration for Youth and Family's Office of Community Services is an example of a _________ agency.

Question 44

The playground in Mary's neighborhood has sculptures on which the children can climb, crawl, and slide. The playground in Mary's neighborhood would be considered _________.

Question 45

In what kind of service agency would one be likely to find services that are office-based and have strict eligibility requirements?

Question 46

The norms of a small town are more ______________________ than those of a large city.

Question 47

_________ refers to care for individuals who may be indigent, neglected, abused, deserted, sick, disabled, maladjusted, or delinquent.

Question 48

The community fulfills the need for companionship. This is an example of the _________ function of community.

Question 49

The number of people occupying a certain area of space is called _________.

Question 50

Political ideology is part of which system in Bronfenbrenner's model?

Question 51

The Child Welfare League of America is an example of a _________ agency.

Question 52

The program which provides public funds to families for necessities such as shelter, food, and clothing is known as __________.

Question 53

The German term for interpersonal relationships which are communal, cooperative, close, intimate, and informal is _________.

Question 54

The United States has the highest child poverty rate the nation has experienced since ______________.

Question 55

The social and legal process by which individuals become permanent members of a family is called _________.

Question 56

_________ refers to the stability or mobility of people in a neighborhood, their homogeneity, and their heterogeneity.

Question 57

When neighbors watch each other's children, this is an example of which kind of support?

Question 58

_________ refers to a sense of apathy that develops when people perceive that they have no control over events.

Question 59

Services which enable or restore people's ability to participate in the community effectively are called _________ services.

Question 60

The five functions of a community include production, distribution, and consumption; socialization; social control; social participation; and _________.

Question 61

Imagine you are in charge of playground installation for a service organization that has donated money to your community. Describe the different kinds of playground choices, and for what purposes you might want each.

Question 62

_________________________ of former foster youth experience homelessness within four years of exiting foster care.

Question 63

Provide an overview of homelessness in America. Include in your essay characteristics of the homeless as well as government and community response.

Question 64

Compare social interactions in a small town with those of larger cities. Include in your answer a description of how social control is achieved in each.

Question 65

List and describe the five functions of a community. Afterward, using New Orleans as an example, describe which of the functions might be disrupted or renegotiated in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.

Question 66

The largest recent increase in families that are poor has occurred in which cultural group?

Question 67

A group that provides adoption services in an example of what kind of agency?

Question 68

_________ refers to monies paid by the federal government to survivors or dependents of veterans who die or are disabled in service.

Question 69

A mental health agency whose purpose is to enable or restore an individual's capacity to participate effectively in the community is called a _________ agency.

Question 70

Describe how public agencies are different from private agencies and give examples.

Question 71

Compare and contrast preventive services from supportive services and give examples of each.

Question 72

Imagine you are asked to testify before a community planning commission. Write a persuasive argument detailing why population density has a more negative impact on families than noise, or vice versa.

Question 73

Compare the characteristics of gemeinschaft to those of gesellschaft.

Question 74

Along with self-help and productive work, the principle or goal of _________ is usually emphasized in services for individuals with disabilities.

Question 75

Compare and contrast support services derived from a family preservation model with those derived from a traditional model.

Question 76

Imagine you are an advisor to the governmental budget office. The government must cut programs to balance the budget this year. List and describe the federal programs discussed in your text that are designed to alleviate the conditions of poverty. Afterward, choose one of the two of the categories and craft an argument describing why they should not be cut this year.

Question 77

The _________ is an example of a national coalition of local groups working on behalf of children to improve relations between home and school.