Deck 18: The Nervous System

Question 1

Answer each of the following questions.
A person who has motor aphasia as a result of damage to Broca's area, has difficulty doing what?_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Answer 1

The region of the brain that controls language is called Broca's area. Injury to this area results in a condition called motor aphasia. This condition is marked by loss control over muscles required for speech and affects verbal skills. The writing skills are also affected but the understanding ability and intelligence levels are not affected.

Question 2

Answer each of the following questions.
To what part of the nervous system does each of the following refer?
a. CNS_____________________________________________________________________________
b. PNS_____________________________________________________________________________
c. ANS_____________________________________________________________________________

Answer 2

(a)
The term central nervous system (CNS), refers to the brain and the spinal cord. The brain receives sensory impulses from the peripheral nervous system via the spinal cord and transmits the motor impulses to the skeletal muscles through the spinal cord.
(b)
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) refers to the peripheral nerves' and ganglia. They lie outside the central nervous system and control the voluntary functions of body.
(c)
The autonomic nervous system also referred to as the ANS, comprises the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. They control the involuntary actions of the body and regulate the actions of salivary, sweat and gastric glands.

Question 3

Answer each of the following questions.
What does the term "idiopathic" mean when it is used in reference to seizures?_______________
______________________________________________________________________________

Answer 3

The epileptic seizures are considered to be 'idiopathic' in nature, if they originate due to abnormal neurological development or due to any imbalance of neurotransmitters. In this context, idiopathic means that causes are intrinsic to the body.
Seizures are also caused by other factors like illness, brain injury, metabolic disorders and infection.

Question 4

Answer each of the following questions.
The ___________________________________________________________________ are the tructural and functional units of the nervous system.

Question 5

Answer each of the following questions.
What is a plexus?____________________________________________________________________

Question 6

Answer each of the following questions.
What is the name given to a bundle of nerve fibers?__________________________________________

Question 7

Answer each of the following questions.
Give five plexuses (plexus) and their location.
a.______________________ _____________________________________________________
b.______________________ _____________________________________________________
c.______________________ _______________________________________________________
d.______________________ _______________________________________________________
e.______________________ ________________________________________________________

Question 8

Answer each of the following questions.
What is the difference between an afferent and an efferent impulse?___________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Question 9

Answer each of the following questions.
What is another name for a tonic-clonic seizure?___________________________________________

Question 10

Answer each of the following questions.
Name the three membranes that cover and protect the spinal cord and the brain and lie under the bony structure of the skull and the spinal column.
a.________________________________________________________________________________
b.________________________________________________________________________________
c.________________________________________________________________________________

Question 11

Answer each of the following questions.
What is a common cause of subdural hematoma?____________________________________

Question 12

Answer each of the following questions.
Immunity against the disease polio was achieved with which two vaccines?_______________________

Question 13

Answer each of the following questions.
What is the difference between a nerve fiber that is adrenergic and one that is cholinergic?___________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Question 14

Answer each of the following questions.
A/An ________________________________ is the process that conducts impulses away from the cell body.
A/An ________________________________ is the process that conducts impulses to the cell body.

Question 15

Answer each of the following questions.
Glia cells, often called neuroglia cells, have what function?___________________________________

Question 16

Answer each of the following questions.
What are gliomas and neurogliomas?_____________________________________________________

Question 17

Answer each of the following questions.
The brainstem, the continuation of the spinal cord up into the skull, contains several important structures. What are they, and where are they found?________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Question 18

Answer each of the following questions.
Beneath the thalami is a structure called the________________________________________________

Question 19

Answer each of the following questions.
The four lobes that subdivide each cerebral hemisphere are the:
a.__________________________________________________________________________________
b.__________________________________________________________________________________
c.__________________________________________________________________________________
d._________________________________________________________________________________

Question 20

Answer each of the following questions.
Disorders such as Sydenham's chorea, Parkinson's disease, and Bell's palsy are caused by
damage to the____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________