Deck 11: Endocrine Problems

Question 1

What is the only curative treatment for hyperparathyroidism?

A)Calcium supplements
B)Chemotherapy
C)Radiation
D)Surgery

Answer 1

Surgery

Question 2

Type 2 diabetes occurs when which cells cannot secrete enough insulin to maintain euglycemia?

A)Beta cells
B)Erythrocytes
C)Leukocytes
D)T cells

Answer 2

Beta cells

Question 3

Which of the following is a 16-kDa protein synthesized in adipose tissue that suppresses feeding behavior? Patients who have mutations associated with this protein are morbidly obese and insulin resistant.

A)Adiponectin
B)Leptin
C)Resistin
D)Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer 3

Leptin

Question 4

What is the normal fasting glucose level?

A)40-70 mg/dL
B)70-100 mg/dL
C)100-130 mg/dL
D)130-160 mg/dL

Question 5

What is the most common electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients?

A)Hypercalcemia
B)Hypocalcemia
C)Hypernatremia
D)Hyponatremia

Question 6

A person who has which relative with diabetes has the greatest risk for development of the condition?

A)Dizygotic twin
B)Identical twin
C)Parent
D)Sibling

Question 7

Secondary adrenal insufficiency occurs when the hypothalamus secretes inadequate amounts of which hormone?

A)Adrenocorticotropic hormone
B)Corticotropin-releasing hormone
C)Estrogen
D)Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 8

Which condition does not increase the likelihood of development of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketonic syndrome (HHNS)?

A)Cerebrovascular accident
B)Hyperthyroidism
C)Myocardial infarction
D)Recent surgery

Question 9

The peak age for the development of type 1 diabetes is:

A)7.
B)14.
C)21.
D)28.

Question 10

The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of which gland?

A)Adrenal
B)Pancreas
C)Pituitary
D)Thyroid

Question 11

The American Diabetes Association recommends testing HbA1c at initial diagnosis and at which interval until the patient's glycemic targets have been reached?

A)1 month
B)3 months
C)6 months
D)12 months

Question 12

Which organ secretes thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), stimulating the anterior pituitary gland to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

A)Adrenal gland
B)Hypothalamus
C)Pituitary gland
D)Thalamus

Question 13

The HbA1c test for diabetes is based on which measurement?

A)Chronic hyperglycemia
B)Chronic hypoglycemia
C)Glucose concentration
D)Glucose tolerance

Question 14

Which group is most susceptible to adrenal insufficiency?

A)Elderly men
B)Elderly women
C)Middle-aged men
D)Middle-aged women

Question 15

Diabetic ketoacidosis is most likely to occur in patients in which age range?

A)Younger than 19 years
B)19-25 years
C)25-45 years
D)Older than 45 years

Question 16

Which group has the highest incidence of diabetes?

A)American Indians and Alaska Natives
B)Asian Americans
C)Hispanics
D)Non-Hispanic whites

Question 17

The function of the parathyroid glands is to maintain which element in a narrow range?

A)Ca
B)K
C)Mg
D)Na