Deck 13: Renal Problems

Question 1

Which of the following is not likely to be considered when addressing a water excess or deficit?

A)Blood pressure
B)Heart rate
C)Respiratory rate
D)Urine output

Answer 1

Respiratory rate

Question 2

A patient is given 1000 mL D5W IV. The change in the compartment volume of the patient's intracellular fluid is:

A)83 mL.
B)250 mL.
C)333 mL.
D)667 mL.

Answer 2

667 mL.

Question 3

Which is the most common cause of rhabdomyolysis?

A)Electrocution
B)Metabolic disorders
C)Repetitive muscle injury
D)Striated muscle injury

Answer 3

Striated muscle injury

Question 4

Which IV solution is contraindicated for patients with hyponatremia?

A)D5W
B)Lactated Ringer's
C)Normal saline
D)3% saline

Question 5

When a set of routine electrolytes is ordered, the difference between all the cations and all the anions in the body is known as the:

A)anion gap.
B)cation gap.
C)anion-cation gap.
D)anion-cation differential.

Question 6

Which is the major intracellular anion?

A)Bicarbonate
B)Chloride
C)Hydrogen
D)Phosphate

Question 7

A urinary pH level greater than which value may indicate infection?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7

Question 8

A patient with which sodium concentration is in greatest need of water?

A)Greater than 135 mEq/L
B)Greater than 140 mEq/L
C)Greater than 145 mEq/L
D)Greater than 150 mEq/L

Question 9

Which factor is not considered when calculating a patient's daily sodium intake?

A)The amount of sodium in the food
B)The ratio of sodium to water
C)The rate the sodium is consumed
D)The consistency of the food

Question 10

What is the major intracellular cation?

A)Calcium
B)Magnesium
C)Potassium
D)Sodium

Question 11

Using the RIFLE classification, a patient is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) if he/she produces less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr urine for which time period?

A)6 hours
B)12 hours
C)18 hours
D)24 hours

Question 12

Which condition is likely when serum potassium levels decline to less than 3 mEq/L?

A)Hyperkalemia
B)Metabolic alkalosis
C)Metabolic acidosis
D)Hypercalcemia

Question 13

A patient dying of starvation is likely to have these in his/her urine specimen?

A)Bacteria
B)Hemoglobin
C)Ketones
D)White blood cells

Question 14

People suffering from the common cold risk overdosing on which popular analgesic because it is found in a wide variety of products that cold sufferers often take at the same time?

A)Acetaminophen
B)Celecoxib
C)Ibuprofen
D)Naproxen

Question 15

Which cation plays a role in muscle contraction and nerve conduction?

A)Calcium
B)Hydrogen
C)Bicarbonate
D)Sodium

Question 16

The intravascular compartment contains which fraction of the total body fluids?

A)1/3
B)1/4
C)1/6
D)1/12