Deck 8: Neurological Problems

Question 1

Cytotoxic edema results from increased intracellular water from damage to the:

A)brain.
B)cell.
C)interstitium.
D)vasculature.

Answer 1

cell.

Question 2

For diagnosing the cause of increased intracranial pressure, which test is considered the best choice because results can be obtained quickly?

A)CT imaging
B)EEG
C)MRI
D)Ultrasound

Answer 2

CT imaging

Question 3

Which of the following are initial priorities when providing quality care for a patient with brain injury?

A)Nausea and vomiting
B)Diet and exercise
C)Intracranial pressure and herniation syndromes
D)Stress and anxiety

Answer 3

Intracranial pressure and herniation syndromes

Question 4

What is the greatest risk for stroke?

A)High blood pressure
B)Previous stroke
C)Smoking
D)Stress

Question 5

In a healthy adult, normal intracranial pressure is within what range?

A)5-10 mm Hg
B)10-15 mm Hg
C)15-20 mm Hg
D)20-25 mm Hg

Question 6

The acronym CPP, within the context of neurological disorders, stands for:

A)critical penumbra perfusion
B)cerebral perfusion pressure.
C)chronic pineal pain.
D)collaboration protocol profile.

Question 7

When considering neurological disorders, the cellular processes that result in tissue damage and death are highly sensitive to:

A)the blood-brain barrier.
B)potassium and sodium.
C)stress and anxiety.
D)temperature and glucose.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a differential diagnosis for stroke?

A)Complicated migraine
B)Epilepsy
C)Hypertensive encephalopathy
D)Hypoglycemia

Question 9

Which type of edema results from cerebrospinal fluid shifting from high pressures in the ventricles to lower pressures in the brain interstitium as the result of hydrocephalus?

A)Cytotoxic
B)Osmotic
C)Transependymal
D)Vasogenic

Question 10

The process of vascular constriction and dilation of the vessels in the brain to maintain a constant cerebral blood flow, regardless of cerebral perfusion pressure, is known as:

A)autoregulation.
B)blood pressure balancing.
C)vasoconstriction.
D)vasodilation.

Question 11

Organ donation should be considered as an option in all patients who progress to brain death or who undergo withdrawal of care because:

A)organs are not viable for very long after brain death.
B)the need for organs outweighs the supply.
C)it gives the patient's family a good feeling.
D)organs can be maintained indefinitely once the brain is dead.

Question 12

What is the definition of syndrome?

A)Any subjective evidence of a disease.
B)A collection of signs and symptoms known to appear frequently together but without a known cause.
C)A known morbid entity characterized by a recognized causative agent, an identifiable group of symptoms, and consistent anatomic alterations.
D)A subjective feeling with no identifiable cause behind the symptoms.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a criterion for making a diagnosis of brain death?

A)The patient must have no clinical findings of brain activity.
B)The patient must not be moving.
C)There is a known cause that is irreversible.
D)The patient should not have any drug intoxication.

Question 14

The leading cause of illness-related disability is:

A)arthritis.
B)cancer.
C)heart disease.
D)stroke.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a part of Cushing's triad?

A)Bradycardia
B)Hypertension
C)Irregular respirations
D)Seizure

Question 16

The concept that an increase in the volume of one of the skull's contents must be offset by a decrease in another skull content or the intracranial pressure will increase is known as which doctrine?

A)Levine
B)Gain Control
C)Monroe-Kellie
D)Compensation

Question 17

When treating increased intracranial pressure (ICP), the management goal is to achieve a normal ICP range whereas maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure (CCP) at greater than:

A)20 mm Hg.
B)40 mm Hg.
C)60 mm Hg.
D)80 mm Hg.

Question 18

What is the most reliable diagnostic examination for brain death?

A)Apnea test
B)Neuroimaging
C)Oculocephalic reflex
D)Pupil dilation