Deck 3: Pain

Question 1

Which of the following is not a process by which pain without relief can cause changes in the peripheral and central nerves?

A)Hyperstimulation
B)Neuroplasticity
C)Sensitization
D)Wind-up

Answer 1

Hyperstimulation

Question 2

The failure to objectify pain is a result of:

A)advanced imaging technology
B)limits of technology.
C)patient noncooperation.
D)psychological illness.

Answer 2

limits of technology.

Question 3

Pain that persists beyond the expected healing time or is present for more than 6 months is known as:

A)acute pain.
B)chronic pain.
C)inflammatory pain.
D)somatic pain.

Answer 3

chronic pain.

Question 4

The perception of innocuous stimuli (light, touch, warmth) as pain is known as:

A)allodynia.
B)hyperalgesia.
C)neuropathic pain.
D)visceral pain.

Question 5

Recent estimates hold that what percentage of the general population is living with chronic pain?

A)10%
B)15%
C)20%
D)25%

Question 6

What is the primary determinant of a patient's level of pain?

A)Body position
B)Facial tension
C)Muscle tension
D)Self-report

Question 7

Which pain scale was developed for patients with dementia?

A)CNPI
B)CPOT
C)FLACC
D)PAINAD

Question 8

What is one major problem for clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) in consulting on patients with pain?

A)Nurses do not use pain assessments consistently.
B)Nurses do not know how to use pain assessment methods.
C)Patients in pain often do not complain.
D)Nurses are afraid to assess pain incorrectly.

Question 9

Which of these is an amplifier of pain?

A)Effective communication
B)Pursuit of meaningful activities
C)Relationship conflict
D)Volunteer work

Question 10

The goal of "dampening" pain is to:

A)turn down the pain volume.
B)turn up the pain volume.
C)maintain the pain volume.
D)eliminate the pain volume.

Question 11

Which type of therapy targets the physiological mechanisms of pain in the body?

A)Analgesia
B)Anti-inflammatory
C)Biofeedback
D)Psychotherapy

Question 12

A model for guiding therapy and teaching others about pain that delineates factors such as body, mind, spirit, and social interactions is known as the:

A)chronic model.
B)evidence-based model.
C)gain control model.
D)psychological model.

Question 13

A patient who misuses painkilling medications who is motivated by a desire to control pain is known as:

A)an abuser.
B)an addict.
C)a pseudoaddict.
D)a seeker.

Question 14

A heightened perception of and response to pain is known as:

A)allodynia.
B)hyperalgesia.
C)neuropathy.
D)referred pain.

Question 15

Why is a clinical nurse specialist (CNS) in an ideal position to improve the way pain is managed?

A)A CNS has direct experience with pain.
B)A CNS works directly with patients, clinical staff, and organizational systems.
C)A CNS knows more about pain management.
D)A CNS is able to write prescriptions for pain medications.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a dampener of pain?

A)Balanced energy flow
B)Essence unchanged
C)Lost connections
D)Strong faith

Question 17

The concept that pain is either a purely emotional or a purely physical state, but not both, is known as the:

A)Cartesian alliance.
B)Cartesian dichotomy.
C)Cartesian mystery.
D)Cartesian split.

Question 18

Which of the following is not taken into consideration when using the Critical Pain Observation Tool (CPOT)?

A)Atypical behaviors
B)Breathing patterns
C)Facial expression
D)Sounds