Deck 11: Relationships

Question 1

Divorce rates for women service members who are deployed are lower than that of their male counterparts.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The desertion of an older adult by a person who had physical custody or had otherwise assumed responsibility for providing care for the older adult is called neglect.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Satisfying and happy marriages result when both partners perceive there is a fair exchange, or equity, in the relationship.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Many newly married couples experience their first serious marital stresses around financial issues.

Question 5

One factor that promotes trust in online friendships is frequency of contact.

Question 6

Your nuclear family consists of your parents, children, grandparents, and other relatives who all live together.

Question 7

Over 2.5 million U.S. grandparents provide basic needs for one or more of their grandchildren.

Question 8

Middle-aged adults who have both their parents and children to take care of are part of the crush generation.

Question 9

Approximately 25% of males and females report regret over having hookup sex.

Question 10

Gay and lesbian couples tend to be more similar than heterosexual couples are.

Question 11

Older couples have an increased potential for marital conflict and a reduced potential for pleasure.

Question 12

Sternberg proposed that love had three basic components.

Question 13

The affective dimension of friendship represents how our friends keep us entertained and are a source of amusement, fun, and recreation.

Question 14

For most couples, marital satisfaction improves after children leave home, a state called the stress reduction stage.

Question 15

The social baseline theory suggests that humans maintain a firm number of friendships across life.

Question 16

Native American grandmothers are more involved than Native American grandfathers and are more likely to pass on traditional rituals.

Question 17

Public policy tends to favor married individuals.

Question 18

Many people care for their aging parents because of filial obligation, when an adult child feels a responsibility to their parents.

Question 19

The median age at first marriage in the United States has been declining for several decades.

Question 20

When one person becomes aggressive toward a partner, it becomes a "typical" relationship.

Question 21

Approximately 95% of marriages in India

A) end in divorce.
B) are arranged.
C) are between people who met at school.
D) are based on intimacy and commitment.

Question 22

When the dependence of each spouse on the other is _____________ and ____________ the marriage is strong and close.

A) low; unequal
B) high; equal
C) mutual; equal
D) mutual; unequal

Question 23

The happiest cohabiting couples are those that

A) are wealthy.
B) live in comfortable climates.
C) look very much like happily married couples.
D) isolate themselves socially and direct their full attention toward their partners.

Question 24

Men tend to base their friendships on

A) intimate sharing.
B) emotional sharing.
C) shared activities.
D) personality matches.

Question 25

Research in the Netherlands found children adopted from Columbia, Sri Lanka, and Korea into Dutch homes struggled with

A) language acquisition.
B) westernization.
C) modernization.
D) looking different.

Question 26

Most of the people who experience the death of their spouse are

A) women.
B) men.
C) young.
D) middle-aged.

Question 27

Which of the following is a type of elder abuse categorized by the National Center on Elder Abuse?

A) Physical
B) Sexual
C) Financial
D) All of these are correct.

Question 28

Many middle-aged women who divorce face significant

A) stigma from others.
B) pressure to remarry.
C) isolation.
D) financial challenges.

Question 29

Some middle-aged couples have grown apart yet continue to live together, a situation sometimes referred to as

A) estrangement.
B) married singles.
C) emotional independence.
D) married friends.

Question 30

About half of all young adults in the United States return to their parents' home at least once after moving out. These young adults are called

A) transient kids.
B) college rebounders.
C) boomerang kids.
D) sandwich generation kids.

Question 31

Nearly twice as many __________ are single during young adulthood as European Americans, and more are choosing to remain so.

A) Latinos
B) African Americans
C) Asian Americans
D) Middle Easterners

Question 32

The most likely group to remarry are

A) Asian Americans.
B) European Americans.
C) Native Americans.
D) African Americans.

Question 33

African American husbands are more likely than their European counterparts to __________, regardless of their wives' employment status.

A) be stay-at-home dads
B) have more than one job
C) help with housework
D) go back to school or change careers

Question 34

______________ refers to the idea that the well-being of the family takes precedence over the concerns of individual family members.

A) Nuclearness
B) Communalism
C) Inclusiveness
D) Familism

Question 35

According to Sternberg, infatuation is characterized by high levels of

A) passion.
B) intimacy.
C) commitment.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 36

Research indicates that in young adulthood __________ is the primary goal of emotional selectivity and in older adulthood __________ is the primary goal.

A) information seeking; self-concept
B) information seeking; emotional regulation
C) emotional regulation; information seeking
D) emotional regulation; self-concept

Question 37

Tonya is a frail 80-year-old woman who depends on her granddaughter for much of her care. Her granddaughter is responsible for taking care of Tonya's finances, but recently she has been keeping some of her grandmother's money to pay her own bills. This is an example of which type of abuse?

A) Emotional
B) Material or financial
C) Self-neglect
D) This is not a type of abuse.

Question 38

Muslim women who remain single in Malaysia speak in terms of __________, the soul mate one finds through fate at a time appointment by God.

A) cinta
B) jodoh
C) satu
D) kami

Question 39

Research indicates that transgender older adults experience ________________ more than most other groups.

A) social isolation
B) unemployment
C) home relocation
D) schizophrenic episodes

Question 40

What is the most common family form around the world?

A) Nuclear
B) Female-headed household
C) Extended
D) Divorced

Question 41

The friends people have the longest are

A) their siblings.
B) the ones they meet in childhood.
C) the ones they meet in college.
D) the ones who live the closest.

Question 42

College students who have __________ adjust better to stressful life events.

A) strong friendship networks
B) parental support
C) the personality characteristics of openness and extraversion
D) close proximity to their parents

Question 43

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (2017), a typical family who had a child in 2015 would spend about _________ for food, housing, and other necessities by the time the child is 18 years old.

A) $150,589
B) $200,432
C) $284,570
D) $325,862

Question 44

Alice is a very frail 85-year-old woman who depends on her daughter entirely for her care. Her daughter is stressed by caregiving and sometimes lashes out at her mother. This is an example of which type of abuse?

A) Emotional
B) Neglect
C) Self-neglect
D) This is not a type of abuse.

Question 45

__________ in the United States has increased tenfold over the past three decades.

A) Singlehood
B) Marriage
C) Cohabitation
D) Divorce

Question 46

__________ tend to remain single longer in young adulthood and get married at later ages than ___________.

A) Women; men
B) Men; women
C) Those with lower incomes; those with higher incomes
D) Those in Eastern societies; those in Western societies

Question 47

Researchers estimate that one in ten vulnerable older adults in the United States are at risk for some type of

A) abuse, neglect, or exploitation.
B) heart disease.
C) psychological disorder.
D) cancer.

Question 48

Kalmijn and Flap (2001) examined data from 1,500 couples, and they found that meeting at school resulted in the highest rate of

A) passion.
B) homogamy.
C) divorce.
D) intimacy.

Question 49

In one longitudinal study, it was found that negative emotions displayed during conflict predicted early, but not later divorce. In general, this reflected a pattern of

A) wife demand-husband withdrawal.
B) husband demand-wife withdrawal.
C) wife demand-husband demand.
D) wife withdrawal-husband withdrawal.

Question 50

African American couples have a __________ risk for divorce and Asian American couples tend to have a _________ risk for divorce than _____________ couples.

A) higher; lower; European Americans
B) lower; higher; European Americans
C) higher; lower; Latino Americans
D) higher; lower; Latino Americans

Question 51

What are the developmental trends in Sternberg's three components of love relationships?

A) As the length of the relationship increases, intimacy and commitment decrease, but passion increases.
B) As the length of the relationship increases, passion and intimacy decrease, but commitment increases.
C) As the length of the relationship increases, commitment and passion decrease, but intimacy increases.
D) The trends vary by couple.

Question 52

A newer variation on re-partnering is __________, an arrangement in which two older adults form a romantic relationship but maintain separate living arrangements.

A) singlehood
B) living alone together
C) single cohabiting
D) elderdating

Question 53

In the case of online friendships, trust develops on the basis of all of the following EXCEPT

A) frequency of contact.
B) reputation.
C) performance, or what users do online.
D) precommitment, through personal self-disclosure.

Question 54

Men are victims of violence from intimate partners, but at a rate about __________ that of women.

A) one-tenth
B) one-fifth
C) one-third
D) one-half

Question 55

For most singles, the decision to never marry

A) is made suddenly.
B) is a gradual transition.
C) is a religious decision.
D) is made in reaction to a failed relationship.

Question 56

Gottman and Levenson (2000) found that __________ predicts divorce early in marriage, while __________ predicts divorce later in marriage.

A) negative emotions; lack of positive emotions
B) lack of positive emotions; negative emotions
C) having children; negative emotions
D) Negative emotions predict divorce at any point in marriage.

Question 57

Older __________ have more numerous and more intimate friendships than do older __________.

A) men; women
B) women; men
C) brothers; sisters
D) African and European Americans; Asian and Latino Americans

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of single parents?

A) Being financially better off than their married counterparts
B) Finding that loneliness can be difficult to deal with
C) Having concerns about dating
D) Experiencing complex feelings including failure, guilt, and a need to be overindulgent

Question 59

Overall, national rates of sexual assault have ______________ about ______ since the 1990s.

A) declined; 20%
B) declined; 60%
C) increased; 60%
D) increased; 20%

Question 60

Middle-aged mothers are often put into the role of __________, the person who gathers the family for celebrations and keeps them in touch with one another.

A) kinkeeper
B) primary bread-winner
C) familykeeper
D) matriarch

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a component of love identified by Sternberg?

A) Commitment
B) Intimacy
C) Passion
D) Companionship

Question 62

Some research shows that men tend to overperceive and women tend to underperceive their cross-sex friends' _______________ in/for them.

A) intellectual interest
B) trust
C) sexual interest
D) level of affection

Question 63

People tend to have the most friends and acquaintances during which time period?

A) Adolescence
B) Middle age
C) Young adulthood
D) Old age

Question 64

Rates of abuse are higher in cultures that emphasize all of the following EXCEPT

A) male status.
B) family honor.
C) emotional expressiveness.
D) female purity.

Question 65

Bill and Cathy just got married and moved into an old house needing lots of repair. Bill is not good at household repair, but he is an excellent chef. Cathy cannot cook beyond cereal, but she is excellent at doing household repairs. This is an example of

A) homogamy.
B) monogamy.
C) exchange theory.
D) socioemotional selectivity.

Question 66

Raising multiethnic children raises unique challenges not experienced by parents of same-race children. For example, some parents of multiethnic children

A) worry that the child will not have a chance to learn about both cultures.
B) are concerned that their children will choose to identify with one culture more so than the other.
C) worry that their children will be rejected by members of both communities.
D) are concerned their children will be confused over their multiethnicity.

Question 67

If women initiate the divorce, they report feeling __________. If they did not initiate the divorce, they report feeling __________.

A) optimism; vulnerable
B) vulnerable; optimism
C) depressed; relieved
D) happy; sad

Question 68

When a woman believes she cannot leave an abusive situation, and may even go so far as to kill her abuser, she is said to suffer from

A) assortative woman syndrome.
B) battered woman syndrome.
C) crime of passion syndrome.
D) battered relationship syndrome.

Question 69

Older couples develop adaptive ways to _______________ and ____________.

A) avoid each other; grow less alike
B) care for each other; deepen their marital commitment
C) avoid conflict; grow more alike
D) find happiness; spend more time with friends than with their spouses

Question 70

Kim and Denise like to take dance classes together. This reflects which theme of adult friendships?

A) Affective or emotional basis
B) Communal or shared basis
C) The sociability and compatibility dimension
D) The physical intimacy dimension

Question 71

Women tend to base their friendships on

A) social interactions.
B) emotional sharing.
C) shared activities.
D) personality matches.

Question 72

In the ABCDE model of friendships, what does the C stand for?

A) Continuity
B) Communal nature
C) Compatibility
D) Continuation

Question 73

The ABCDE model describes

A) the cycle of violence in abusive relationships.
B) the stages of friendship.
C) the stages of love relationships.
D) the process of transitioning to widowhood.

Question 74

A problem facing many people who never marry is that

A) there are numerous stereotypes and biases against single people in the United States.
B) they find it difficult to make friends.
C) people feel sorry for them.
D) research finds there are no disadvantages to remaining single.

Question 75

An important predictor of marital success is

A) age of the partners.
B) homogamy.
C) exchange theory.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 76

Erin is a middle-aged wife and mother of adolescent children. Her mother had a stroke and just moved into her home. Erin is feeling tension from her mother and her children, which is a common characteristic of

A) partner caregivers.
B) the sandwich generation.
C) the babyboomer generation.
D) women who are depressed.

Question 77

According to research on marital satisfaction in couples with children, the shape of the marital satisfaction curve across time is

A) steadily increasing.
B) steadily decreasing.
C) increasing while children are at home and decreasing when children begin leaving home.
D) decreasing while children are at home and increasing when children begin leaving home.

Question 78

Marriage based on similarity of values and interests is called

A) monogamy.
B) homogamy.
C) polygamy.
D) compatibility.

Question 79

Whether a friendship ultimately ends depends heavily on

A) the proximity of the individuals involved.
B) the availability of alternative relationships.
C) the level of conflict in the relationship.
D) whether it's a female-female, male-male, or cross-gender relationship.

Question 80

When Lucy's husband of 50 years died, she turned to her best friend, Glenda, for support. Which theme of adult friendships does this represent?

A) Affective or emotional basis
B) Communal or shared nature
C) Sociability and compatibility dimension
D) Bereavement support dimension