Deck 13: Stratification, Minorities, and Discrimination

Question 1

In 1986, the mandatory retirement age was:

A) eliminated for most occupations.
B) lowered to 65.
C) raised to 70.
D) lowered to 55 for most occupations.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Groups of people singled out for unequal negative treatment as objects of discrimination are:

A) superior groups.
B) dominant groups.
C) majority groups.
D) minority groups.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Segregation that occurs because of social and cultural, not legal, reasons is called:

A) de jure segregation.
B) unintended segregation.
C) de facto segregation.
D) international segregation.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

One place where social scientists have found significant discrimination against blacks is in entry-level jobs and low-skilled positions. In a job applicant experiment:

A) having a criminal record made no difference regardless of assumed racial background.
B) the discrimination was less when both black and white applicants had criminal records.
C) the applicant's job history was more important than racial differences.
D) applicants with white-sounding names received many more callbacks than a person with a more African American name.

Question 5

Affirmative Action programs are designed to:

A) discriminate against minorities.
B) favor minority groups.
C) help majority groups exclude minorities.
D) protect the dominant group.

Question 6

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 was to encourage Native American nations to:

A) manage more of their own economic and political affairs.
B) migrate back to Asia.
C) surrender all authority to the federal government.
D) move off reservations and give up all political rights.

Question 7

The U.S. Supreme Court decided that at an undergraduate level, admission points were too much like affirmative action. The court also held that in admission decisions, colleges could:

A) not take race into account.
B) take race into account.
C) use any point-based system giving preferences.
D) take any factor except race into account.

Question 8

What is the history of prejudice and discrimination in the U.S. toward religious minorities? What is the experience of Jewish and Muslim minority groups?

Question 9

What is meant by reparations? Who would benefit if reparations were granted? Note one argument for and one argument against such an action.

Question 10

Jim Crow laws were part of the:

A) equal opportunity laws in the South.
B) housing integration legislation.
C) voting rights acts.
D) systematic legal segregation of blacks.

Question 11

What are the major problems women have experienced as a minority in the U.S.? Discuss the history of the women's movement and gender discrimination in the workplace.

Question 12

The first settlers of what is now the United States are called:

A) pilgrims.
B) Native Americans.
C) European colonists.
D) Spanish colonists.

Question 13

The Emancipation Proclamation changed the legal status of slaves:

A) and ended discrimination.
B) but not their social status.
C) and ended prejudice.
D) and ended unequal treatment.

Question 14

In 2018, the U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics reported which ethnic group to have the highest unemployment?

A) Whites.
B) Blacks.
C) Hispanics.
D) All are reported as equal.

Question 15

Burnita S. Matthews was the first woman ever appointed as a:

A) college professor, in 1950.
B) U.S. Cabinet member, in 1990.
C) U.S. federal judge, in 1949.
D) U.S. ambassador, in 1841.

Question 16

The slave trade out of Africa occurred:

A) as early as 900 A.D.
B) first in 1619 with the slave trade to America.
C) first in the 1800s with the sending of slaves to America.
D) actually, slaves came from the Caribbean islands, not Africa.

Question 17

Myrdal states that the race problem in the U.S. is a:

A) simple problem.
B) black problem.
C) white problem.
D) disappearing problem.

Question 18

What factors contribute to the slow economic and social progress of Mexican Americans?

Question 19

The U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1896 that was based on the so-called separate-but-equal doctrine was:

A) Brown v. Board of Education.
B) Dred Scott v. Sandford.
C) Plessy v. Ferguson.
D) Bingham v. Cabot.

Question 20

What are the causes of racial and ethnic prejudice and discrimination? What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Question 21

The U.S. government forcibly held West Coast people of Japanese descent in camps during:

A) the Civil War.
B) World War II.
C) the Korean War.
D) the Vietnam War.

Question 22

The year 2000 was the first time the U.S. Census Bureau changed its race classification system.

Question 23

The Chinese first came to the U.S. in large numbers when:

A) gold was discovered in California.
B) oil was discovered in Oklahoma.
C) the Revolutionary War ended.
D) the War of 1812 ended.

Question 24

The modern influx of Mexican immigration came after 1900 and was:

A) much reduced by the quota laws.
B) not affected by the 1921-1924 quota laws.
C) completely ended in 1964.
D) not related to agricultural job opportunities.

Question 25

Social scientists argue that race is:

A) fully determined by physical characteristics.
B) clearly apparent by biological testing.
C) a social term, not an important physical construction.
D) a predictor of greater capacity for development.

Question 26

In 1950, the U.S. government finally apologized to the surviving Japanese Americans who had been interned.

Question 27

Importation of slaves into the U.S. became illegal in 1808.

Question 28

From 1960 to 2015, the percentage of blacks completing four years of college rose from 3 percent to about 41.5 percent.

Question 29

President Trump's decision in 2017 to rescind Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
(DACA) protections for children brought to the U.S. illegally caused many immigrants to worry about whether they would be prevented from working or deported.

Question 30

Women whose primary aim was to win the right to vote were called:

A) traditionalists.
B) suffragettes.
C) debaters.
D) pro-legals.

Question 31

Most early Arab immigrants were from Lebanon and Syria.

Question 32

In 2000, blacks earned a median income that was less than 60 percent of that earned by whites.

Question 33

The United States is the only country that has problems with prejudice and discrimination.

Question 34

The assumption that race determines culture has strong scientific or factual basis.

Question 35

Since 1954, no major civil rights laws have been passed in the U.S.

Question 36

Ethnic divisions in Bosnia and Rwanda in the 1990s led to the tragic slaughter of large numbers of people.

Question 37

The majority of Hispanics in the United States are second-generation.

Question 38

Actions, behavior, or treatment based on prejudice are called:

A) inventions.
B) classes.
C) discrimination.
D) systematic.

Question 39

The largest minority group in the United States is African Americans.

Question 40

Of the 52 million U.S. citizens who identify as having Hispanic or Latino origins, 9 percent gave Puerto Rico as their place of origin.

Question 41

In the early 1990s, when immigration into the United States reached its peak, more than 1 million persons were arriving every year.

Question 42

The average earnings of a woman are still less than the average for a man.

Question 43

Senior citizens are not likely to be a major political force in the twenty-first century.

Question 44

Women in the U.S. are referred to as a minority group because there are fewer women than men in the population.

Question 45

A group of people who identify with each other on the basis of common ancestry and cultural heritage is called a
(n):

A) census group.
B) urban network.
C) migrant unit.
D) ethnic group.

Question 46

Chronological age often reflects a person's mental age or capacity to work and contribute to society.

Question 47

The Equal Rights Amendment was ratified by two-thirds of the states.

Question 48

Race is a social construction only loosely based on a few biological differences.

Question 49

Anti-Semitism has been eliminated in the U.S.

Question 50

Homosexuals experience discrimination in the U.S.

Question 51

In 2000, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the Boy Scouts of America, a private organization, had a right to exclude persons based on their sexual orientation.

Question 52

In 2010, 14.5 percent of the U.S. population was over 65 years of age.