Deck 20: Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

The "lag phase" of the curve demonstrating the results of a solid-phase gastric emptying study corresponds to

A) gastric emptying half-time.
B) the time of peak activity in the distal stomach.
C) the time of peak activity in the fundus.
D) the time between the liquid and solid phases.

Answer 1

the time of peak activity in the distal stomach.

Question 2

Two hours after injection of ^99mTc-labeled, non-heat-treated RBCs, there remains increased activity in the liver. This finding is most consistent with

A) hemangiomas.
B) hepatic carcinoma.
C) metastatic disease.
D) lymphoma.

Answer 2

hemangiomas.

Question 3

The ^99mTc-labeled red blood cell technique for imaging a gastrointestinal bleed is preferred by investigators for

A) active bleeds.
B) intermittent bleeds.
C) patients with cirrhosis.
D) patients bleeding profusely.

Answer 3

intermittent bleeds.

Question 4

When performing the ^99mTc-sulfur colloid technique for identification of a gastrointestinal bleed, the technologist should begin imaging

A) with an anterior flow study for 2 to 3 minutes and static every 1 to 2 minutes for 20 to 30 minutes thereafter.
B) within 5 minutes of the injection and every 5 minutes, and for 20 to 30 minutes thereafter.
C) after 20 minutes and every 1 to 2 minutes for the next 20 minutes.
D) with an immediate static image after a bolus injection and every 5 minutes thereafter for 20 to 30 minutes.

Question 5

In preparation for an esophageal transit study, the technologist prepares

A) 300 mCi of ¹¹¹In in tap water.
B) a meal for the patient using 300 µCi of ¹¹¹In.
C) a meal for the patient using 300 µCi of ^99mTc-sulfur colloid.
D) 300 µCi of ^99mTc-sulfur colloid in tap water.

Question 6

In patients with a partial gastrectomy

A) the solid phase empties faster than the liquid phase.
B) the liquid phase empties faster than the solid phase.
C) the liquid and solid phases empty in a similar fashion.
D) the lag time is increased.

Question 7

An oropharyngeal study is usually accompanied by

A) sialography.
B) thyroid evaluation.
C) esophageal transit study.
D) gastric emptying evaluation.

Question 8

The result of a patient's gastroesophageal reflux study was calculated to be 5%. This finding

A) is normal.
B) is consistent with reflux.
C) suggests the study should be repeated.
D) suggests the binder was not positioned properly.

Question 9

When imaging for a hemangioma, the technologist uses which of the following radiopharmaceuticals?

A) (^99mTc-sulfur colloid)
B) (^99mTc-IDA compound)
C) (¹¹¹In-oxine)
D) (^99mTc-labeled RBCs)

Question 10

The indication on a patient's requisition is xerostomia. The procedure for which the technologist prepares the room is

A) sialography.
B) esophageal transit.
C) oropharyngeal study.
D) C14 breath test.

Question 11

After administration of the radiopharmaceutical for a radionuclide oropharyngeal study, the patient is instructed to

A) return for delayed imaging in 30 minutes.
B) return for delayed imaging in 1 1/2 to 2 hours.
C) dry swallow every 15 seconds for 5 minutes while images are taken.
D) take a sip of water every 15 seconds for 5 minutes while images are taken.

Question 12

The gastroesophageal reflux data are provided below. What is the reflux percentage for the patient?

A) 1%
B) 3%
C) 33%
D) 97%

Question 13

A ^99mTc sulfur colloid liver/spleen scan demonstrates the function of

A) hepatocytes.
B) Kupffer cells.
C) bile ducts.
D) parenchyma cells.

Question 14

When positioning the patient for sialography, the head is tilted back to

A) prominently display the esophagus.
B) remove the sinuses from the field of view.
C) prevent superimposition of the thyroid gland.
D) remove the nasal cavity from the field of view.

Question 15

Meckel diverticulum is characterized by

A) bleeding.
B) its appearance at mid-age.
C) its association with Barrett's esophagus.
D) containing gastric mucosa.

Question 16

When performing a normal liver/spleen study, following the blood pool image the technologist should begin imaging

A) immediately.
B) approximately 15 minutes after injection.
C) approximately 30 minutes after injection.
D) approximately 45 minutes after injection.

Question 17

The main determinant of the rate of liquid gastric emptying is

A) particle size.
B) composition.
C) volume.
D) osmolyte action.

Question 18

Using the condensed image method to display results of an esophageal transit study allows for the display of

A) a gated dynamic sequence.
B) the complete dynamic sequence in a single image.
C) the count rate to be calculated using a region of interest (ROI) over the entire esophagus.
D) four parameters from a single curve.

Question 19

When positioning a patient for a gastrointestinal bleed study using ^99mTc-sulfur colloid, care should be taken to

A) avoid any liver and spleen activity in the field of view.
B) include small margins of the liver and spleen in the field of view.
C) avoid having the bladder in the field of view.
D) include the kidneys in the field of view.

Question 20

Delayed images of the thorax following an esophageal transit study may be ordered to determine

A) the site of an esophageal stricture.
B) aspirated radionuclide.
C) scleroderma prognosis.
D) reflux.

Question 21

Technetium-99m-sulfur colloid and ^99mTc-albumin colloid are the radiopharmaceuticals most commonly used for imaging the

A) salivary glands.
B) liver and spleen.
C) gallbladder.
D) small intestine.

Question 22

The ¹⁴C-urea breath tests enables detection of

A) stomach infection by the H. pylori bacterium.
B) urease activity in the lungs.
C) esophageal reflux of urease.
D) enterogastric urease reflux.

Question 23

Administration of morphine sulfate serves to

A) reduce the patient's pain.
B) relax the sphincter of Oddi.
C) contract the sphincter of Oddi.
D) dilate the common bile duct.

Question 24

How long should a patient fast prior to cholescintigraphy?

A) Fasting is not necessary prior to cholescintigraphy.
B) 2 to 5 hours
C) 7 to 10 hours
D) A minimum of 12 hours

Question 25

In cholescintigraphy, nonvisualization of the gallbladder is consistent with

A) cholesteatoma.
B) chronic cholecystitis.
C) acute cholecystitis.
D) choledochitis.

Question 26

In a normal hepatobiliary study, one would expect to see the

A) gastrointestinal (GI) tract by 30 minutes and gallbladder by 45 to 60 minutes.
B) gallbladder by 30 minutes and the GI tract by 45 to 60 minutes.
C) GI tract by 15 minutes and the gallbladder by 30 minutes.
D) gallbladder by 15 minutes and the GI tract by 30 minutes.

Question 27

For breath testing with ¹⁴C-labeled compounds, the two most important gases of the five principle colonic gases for breath analysis are

A) carbon dioxide and methane.
B) carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
C) carbon dioxide and oxygen.
D) carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Question 28

For identifying the stomach when performing dual isotope enterogastric reflux imaging, the radiopharmaceuticals used are

A) (^99mTc-IDA and ¹¹¹In-DTPA.)
B) (^99mTc-sulfur colloid and ¹¹¹In-DTPA.)
C) (^99mTc-IDA and ¹¹¹In-oxine.)
D) (^99mTc-sulfur colloid and ¹¹¹In-oxine.)

Question 29

For radionuclide imaging for gastroesophageal reflux, the appropriate volume of solution to be administered to the patient is

A) 15 ml.
B) 30 ml.
C) 150 ml.
D) 300 ml.

Question 30

Data from a hepatobiliary study are given below. What is the ejection fraction of the gallbladder? Net maximum gallbladder counts = 235,000
Net minimum gallbladder counts = 75,000

A) 3%
B) 21%
C) 32%
D) 68%