Deck 6: The Rise of Modern Metaphysics and Epistemology

Question 1

Descartes employed skepticism as a method of achieving certainty.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Leibniz and Newton, independent of each other, developed the calculus-and at the time, there was bitter controversy over who did so first.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Conway argued that, since God is an eternal creator, the universe did not have a specific moment of creation.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

According to Rene Descartes, "clarity and distinctness" was a mark of _____.

A) God
B) goodness
C) truth
D) rationality

Question 5

Hobbes would maintain that the green we experience when seeing a green lawn is in fact in the particles making up the lawn.

Question 6

According to Anne Conway, God _____.

A) is part mental, part physical
B) is in time and space and subject to change
C) created the universe in a single creation event
D) is an eternal creator

Question 7

Anne Conway advocated what sort of metaphysics?

A) materialism
B) idealism
C) dualism
D) monadology

Question 8

The most famous monadology in the history of philosophy is that of _____.

A) Thomas Hobbes
B) Baron von Leibniz
C) Benedictus de Spinoza
D) Gottfried Wilhelm

Question 9

What did George Berkeley mean about such things as tables and chairs when he denied the existence of matter?

A) There are no unperceived tables and chairs.
B) There are no tables and chairs.
C) Tables and chairs are really just swarms of particles in motion.
D) Everything, including tables and chairs, is an illusion.

Question 10

Which of the following statements would Thomas Hobbes have accepted?

A) The mind and the body are separate and distinct substances.
B) All psychological states derive ultimately from perception.
C) Reasoning is not based on perceptions.
D) To be is to be perceived.

Question 11

Representative realism holds that all of our perceptions of an external object are accurate copies of the object.

Question 12

Some of Descartes's followers proposed a solution to the problem of how the immaterial mind interacts with the material body, given that the body is supposed to be subject to physical laws. The solution is called _____.

A) parallelism
B) epicureanism
C) determinism
D) druidism

Question 13

According to the basic and plausible assumptions followed by Leibniz, the principle of the identity of indiscernibles states that there is a sufficient reason why things are exactly as they are and are not otherwise.

Question 14

For Berkeley, no sensible object can exist unperceived.

Question 15

Empiricists argue that all of our knowledge comes from sense experience.

Question 16

Which of the following claims did Descartes use to establish the certainty of his own existence?

A) To be is to be perceived.
B) I think, therefore I am.
C) Nothing exists except bodies in motion.
D) Every created thing has both mental and physical properties.