Deck 13: Police and the Law

Question 1

A police officer's attempt to terminate a dangerous, high-speed car chase that threatens the lives of innocent bystanders does not violate the Fourth Amendment, even when it places the fleeing motorist at risk of serious injury or death.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An equivocal or ambiguous request for counsel in a custodial interrogation case is not sufficient to force police to stop questioning a suspect and provide an attorney.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In Missouri v.Seibert, the U.S.Supreme Court found that the approach used by the investigators encouraged a violation of Miranda.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Although not a U.S.Supreme Court decision, Seremeth v.Frederick County et al.(2012) dealt with the Americans with Disability Act and police interrogations.

Question 5

Reasonable suspicion is the standard of proof a police officer needs to make an arrest.

Question 6

Which amendment to the U.S.Constitution protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?

A)First
B)Fourth
C)Fifth
D)Sixth

Question 7

An attorney is required at every lineup.

Question 8

The U.S Supreme Court, in Kyllo v.United States, ruled that the use of a thermal imager is not considered a search under the Fourth Amendment.

Question 9

A police officer can search without a warrant if consent is given by a person having authority to give such consent.

Question 10

A passenger in a vehicle has the same right as a driver to challenge the constitutionality of a traffic stop.

Question 11

Search warrants are necessary for all searches by police officers.

Question 12

This case applied the exclusionary rule to all state courts.

A)Weeks v.United States
B)Wolf v.Colorado
C)Rochin v.California
D)Mapp v.Ohio

Question 13

Probable cause is the standard of proof a police officer needs to conduct a stop and frisk.

Question 14

This case established the exclusionary rule in federal courts.

A)Weeks v.United States
B)Wolf v.Colorado
C)Rochin v.California
D)Mapp v.Ohio

Question 15

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies to a suspect no matter what case is involved.

Question 16

Berghuis v.Thompkins determined that defendants must make an affirmative statement or action to expressly waive their right to remain silent or to have a lawyer present during questioning.

Question 17

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that suspicionless searches of parolees by law enforcement officers are unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment.

Question 18

In 1995, in Arizona v.Evans, the Supreme Court extended the "good faith" exception to the Fourth Amendment by creating a "computer errors" exception.

Question 19

Search and seizure is governed by the Sixth Amendment to the U.S.Constitution.

Question 20

Forced extraction of blood by a doctor from a man who is arrested for driving while intoxicated is not a violation of that man's constitutional rights.

Question 21

When conducting a stop and frisk, officers may search ________.

A)the outer clothing of the individual
B)the outer and inner clothing of the individual
C)inside the individual's shoes
D)only inside the individual's pockets

Question 22

In 2015, police in the United States made about _______million arrests for all criminal infractions except traffic violations.

A)31.6
B)19.6
C)10.8
D)7.9.

Question 23

Due to the mobility of an automobile, this case allowed police to search automobiles upon probable cause but without a search warrant.

A)Florida v.Bostick
B)California v.Greenwood
C)Hester v.United States
D)Carroll v.United States

Question 24

The U.S.Supreme Court has ruled that a warrantless search of a vehicle is valid if the police have probable cause to believe that the car contains evidence that they are seeking.This decision is known as the ______.

A)Stout doctrine
B)Carroll doctrine
C)exclusionary rule
D)fruits of the poisonous tree doctrine

Question 25

Which of the following has the Supreme Court not recognized as an exigent circumstance?

A)Preventing an escape
B)Rendering immediate aid to a person in need of assistance
C)Checking an identity
D)Preventing destruction of evidence

Question 26

This U.S.Supreme Court decision in 2013 upheld canine sniffs during a vehicle stop.

A)Florida v.Harris
B)Scott v.Harris
C)Whren v.United States
D)Maryland v.Wilson

Question 27

The Supreme Court ruled in Burdeau v.McDowell that _____________ apply/applies only to the actions of government agents and not to those of private citizens or private security employees.

A)county ordinances
B)local ordinances
C)state statutes
D)the Bill of Rights

Question 28

This national survey is prepared by the FBI.

A)Uniform Crime Reports
B)National Crime Victimization Survey
C)U.S.Census
D)Federal Criminal Justice Survey

Question 29

Which of the following is not an exception to the search warrant requirement?

A)A crime scene
B)A border search
C)Exigent circumstances
D)Plain view

Question 30

This national survey is based on reports made to the police from crime victims.

A)Uniform Crime Reports
B)National Crime Victimization Survey
C)U.S.Census
D)Federal Criminal Justice Survey

Question 31

This national survey lists all arrests made in the United States.

A)Uniform Crime Reports
B)National Crime Victimization Survey
C)U.S.Census
D)Federal Criminal Justice Survey

Question 32

This case allowed certain searches incident to arrest.

A)Chimel v.California
B)Terry v.Ohio
C)United States v.Matlock
D)Abel v.United States

Question 33

The purpose of a police inventory search of a vehicle is to _________.

A)recover weapons
B)recover any evidence
C)account for all the contents of the vehicle
D)look for elements of a crime

Question 34

Which of the following is not considered an actual search by the U.S.Supreme Court?

A)Stop and frisk
B)Border check
C)Trained drug-dog sniff
D)Search after a hot pursuit

Question 35

This national survey lists the number of all law enforcement employees for each reporting town, city, and county in America.

A)Uniform Crime Reports
B)National Crime Victimization Survey
C)U.S.Census
D)Federal Criminal Justice Survey

Question 36

This national survey is prepared by the National Institute of Justice.

A)Uniform Crime Reports
B)National Crime Victimization Survey
C)U.S.Census
D)Federal Criminal Justice Survey

Question 37

The U.S.Supreme Court has made a significant impact on the way police do their job through its policy of ________.

A)judicial review
B)probable cause
C)third-degree tactics
D)silver platter doctrine

Question 38

The police identification process that involves bringing a suspect back to the scene of the crime or another place (for example, a hospital where an injured victim is) where the suspect can be seen and possibly identified by a victim or witness of a crime is called a _______.

A)showup
B)showdown
C)line array
D)lineup

Question 39

This case ruled that a person in police custody must be advised of his or her constitutional rights prior to interrogation or the information obtained can be excluded.

A)Brown v.Mississippi
B)McNabb v.United States
C)Escobedo v.United States
D)Miranda v.Arizona

Question 40

Which type of tactics constituted the brutal and violent methods police historically practiced to obtain confessions?

A)Hammering
B)First degree
C)Third degree
D)Drop down

Question 41

This U.S.Supreme Court decision stated, "a compelled physical intrusion beneath (the) skin and into (the) veins to obtain a sample of … blood for use as evidence in a criminal investigation" was "an invasion of bodily integrity."

A)Winston v.Lee
B)Missouri v.McNeely
C)Stoval v.Denno
D)United States v.Ash

Question 42

Which constitutional amendment states that "no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized"?

A)First
B)Fourth
C)Fifth
D)Sixth

Question 43

If evidence is found to be in violation of the exclusionary rule, it must be ____________.

Question 44

The Crime Index Offenses Cleared section of the UCR lists the ________.for Index crimes.

Question 45

The amount of force an officer can use when making an arrest is called ___________.

Question 46

The Miranda ruling set out certain guidelines that the police must follow during interrogation; however, an exception to the Miranda warning allows questions to be asked ______.

A)to ensure the immediate safety of the public
B)regarding citizenship
C)about discarded narcotics
D)of a person under the age of 21

Question 47

This case allowed searches, also known as "pat-downs," during field interrogations.

A)Chimel v.California
B)Terry v.Ohio
C)United States v.Matlock
D)Abel v.United States

Question 48

"Evidence that may lead a reasonable person to believe that a crime has been committed and that a certain person committed it" is the definition of ________.

A)beyond a reasonable doubt
B)reasonable suspicion
C)probable cause
D)likely evidence

Question 49

In _______, the Supreme Court applied the exclusionary rule to state courts.

Question 50

This national survey is based on a random survey of American homes.

A)Uniform Crime Reports
B)National Crime Victimization Survey
C)U.S.Census
D)Federal Criminal Justice Survey

Question 51

Of all the FBI Index crimes, the one that occurs least each year is _______.

A)murder
B)rape
C)robbery
D)felonious assault

Question 52

Of all the FBI Index crimes, the one that occurs most each year is _______.

A)theft/larceny
B)motor vehicle theft
C)burglary
D)felonious assault

Question 53

The "third degree" ended as a result of what U.S.Supreme Court decision?

A)Terry v.Ohio
B)Brown v.Mississippi
C)Carroll v.United States
D)Miranda v.Arizona

Question 54

This 2014 U.S.Supreme Court decision brought clarity to Georgia v.Randolph and consent searches.

A)Colorado v.Bertine
B)Arizona v.Evans
C)Fernandez v.California
D)California v.Carney

Question 55

In _______, the U.S.Supreme Court provided guidance to law enforcement officers in assessing how much time they are required to wait prior to making a forcible entry after knocking and announcing their presence and demanding entry in a warrant case.

Question 56

Which of the following is a violation of the Miranda ruling?

A)Tape-recording unknowing suspects who were placed alone in a patrol car under arrest
B)Using a jail informant to report what a suspect tells him or her
C)Placing a tape recorder in an interrogation room while leaving the suspect alone
D)Directly questioning the suspect about the crime while in a patrol car and en route to the jail

Question 57

The standard of proof that is necessary for police officers to conduct stops and frisks is known as _________.

Question 58

A _________ is the detaining of a person by a law enforcement officer for the purpose of investigation, accompanied by a superficial examination of the person's body surface or clothing to discover weapons, contraband, or other objects relating to criminal activity.

Question 59

A border search can be made without _______.

A)probable cause
B)a warrant
C)any articulable suspicion
D)All of these choices.

Question 60

The right to counsel contained within the Miranda ruling applies only when the subject of an interrogation _________.

A)is in custody
B)is accused of a felony crime
C)has been deemed indigent
D)has made an admission of guilt

Question 61

Evidence that may lead a reasonable person to believe that a crime has been committed and that a certain person committed it is known as ___________.

Question 62

Discuss the castle doctrine and cite specific decisions to show how the Supreme Court has ruled on cases involving it.

Question 63

Why do you think the Supreme Court considered forcing Rochin (Rochin v.California) to have his stomach pumped to retrieve evidence to be shocking, but the Court did not consider forced extraction of blood by a doctor for a man who was arrested for driving while intoxicated (Schmerber v.California) to be a violation of that man's constitutional rights? What was the difference? Do you think the cases should have been treated the same? Defend your position.

Question 64

Why do Dickerson v.United States and cases following this decision constitute important case law?

Question 65

The first 10 amendments to the U.S.Constitution are also known as the ________.

Question 66

What is the exclusionary rule and how has it evolved through landmark Supreme Court decisions?

Question 67

Explain what a Terry stop is and discuss the Supreme Court decisions related to it.

Question 68

A Terry stop is also known as ______________________.

Question 69

Arrests can be made with or without a __________.

Question 70

Identify and cite three cases involving the police and canine sniffs.Describe how these cases led to the current canine sniff rules in the United States.

Question 71

Discuss the Bill of Rights and the role of the U.S.Supreme Court in regulating the police.

Question 72

Explain the relationship of probable cause and reasonable suspicion to arrests.

Question 73

The questioning of a person in police custody regarding his or her participation in a crime is called _____.

Question 74

Identify and describe the Supreme Court decisions related to the automobile exception and discuss how the Supreme Court decision in Arizona v.Gant affected it.

Question 75

The _____________ is an interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment by the U.S.Supreme Court that holds that evidence seized in violation of the U.S.Constitution cannot be used in court against a defendant.

Question 76

When a persons' home is his or her castle, this concept is referred to as the _________.

Question 77

The pattern of brutality and violence historically used by the police to obtain confessions by suspects is known as the_____________.

Question 78

The two official measures of crime in the United States are the ________ and the ________.

Question 79

In the case of Scott v.Harris, the U.S.Supreme Court used the _______ test to determine the reasonableness of the seizure in question.

Question 80

Explain why scholars became skeptical of the data in the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and why the National Crime Victimization Survey was started.Support your answers with examples of the data collected for each report.