Deck 32: Infection Prevention and Control

Question 1

Match the location of normal flora on the human body (one answer only per match).
1. Haemophilus influenza
2. Candida albicans
3. Klebsiella
4. Lactobacillus
A. Mouth
C. Anus
B. Upper respiratory tract
D. Vagina

Answer 1

1B, 2D, 3C, 4A

Question 2

Humoral immunity is different to cellular immunity because:

A) it doesn't protect the cells of the body.
B) the defence is in the B lymphocytes not the T cells.
C) the defence is in the T cells not the B lymphocytes.
D) it doesn't last as long as the cellular immunity.

Answer 2

the defence is in the B lymphocytes not the T cells.

Question 3

Which of the following would not be antibody-mediated defence?

A) A tetanus toxoid injection.
B) An injection of immunoglobulin.
C) Mother's breast milk with antibodies in it.
D) Saliva microbial secretions.

Answer 3

Saliva microbial secretions.

Question 4

A client is admitted to the medical unit with an infected decubitus ulcer. The most appropriate nursing action, in addition to standard precautions, would be to place the client on ________ precautions.

Answer 4

contact

Question 5

The unit has been notified that a client with tuberculosis is on the way up. Which of the following actions demonstrated by the staff shows measures of preventing the transmission of this disease?

A) Stock the supply cart at the beginning of each shift.
B) Wear a mask when exiting the room.
C) Wash the hands only after leaving the room.
D) Have the client wear a mask when coming from admission.

Question 6

An 80-year-old client with gallbladder disease has had a cholecystectomy. Which of the following factors would influence this client's susceptibility to produce an infection?

A) Adequate sleep.
B) Susceptibility of the client.
C) Intact mucous membranes.
D) Active bowel sounds.

Question 7

Which of the following techniques would be an example of Standard ANTT?

A) Performing a urinary catheterisation.
B) Using personal protective equipment.
C) Administering parenteral medications.
D) Changing a dressing.

Question 8

Infections are more easily acquired by clients in hospital because:

A) nurses don't wash their hands.
B) of community acquired infections.
C) their defence mechanisms are breached.
D) their immune systems are weak.

Question 9

A client who has been admitted to the hospital is asking about the vaccinations her new baby will need to have at birth. The nurse provides her with information about:

A) MRSA.
B) Rotavirus.
C) Pertussis.
D) Hepatitis B.

Question 10

Which of the following nursing measures is appropriate in breaking a link in the chain of infection?

A) Use personal protective equipment (PPE) sparingly.
B) Cover one's mouth and nose when sneezing.
C) Place contaminated linens in a paper bag.
D) Wear gloves at all times.

Question 11

Identify three examples of personal protective equipment (PPE).
1. ________
2. ________
3. ________

Question 12

Which of the following circumstances would render a client with active immunity?

A) Receiving a rabies shot after being bitten by a rabid dog.
B) Receiving an injection of gamma globulin.
C) Having chickenpox.
D) Becoming ill with tetanus and receiving tetanus toxoid.

Question 13

Which of the following would be an iatrogenic acquired infection?

A) MRSA infection from over use of antibiotics.
B) Pneumococcal infection from air-conditioning.
C) An endogenous infection.
D) Intravenous cannula infection.

Question 14

Which of the following items most likely would be included in the room of a client who is on contact isolation?

A) Cards and records.
B) Cabinet stocked with gloves and gowns.
C) Paper towels, sink, and blood pressure cuff.
D) Sign on the door.

Question 15

Which of the following techniques is standard care for promoting proper hand washing technique using soap and water in a client with hepatitis A?

A) Clean the tap after use.
B) Allow the water to splatter forcibly when it is cut on.
C) Use enough soap to cover hand surface.
D) Hold the hands upward under the tap.

Question 16

Which of the following techniques best exhibits surgical asepsis?

A) Suctioning the oral cavity of an unconscious client.
B) Disinfecting an item before adding it to a sterile field.
C) Touching only the inside surface of the first glove while pulling it onto the hand.
D) Allowing sterile gloved hands to fall below the waist.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a method for sterilising?

A) Moist heat.
B) Iodine.
C) Gas.
D) Radiation.

Question 18

Which of the following physiological barriers helps defend the body against microorganisms?

A) Salivation.
B) Heavy smoking.
C) Breakdown of skin.
D) Moisturising the skin.

Question 19

Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate in reducing the risk of infections?

A) Assess vital signs only once daily.
B) Raise the temperature in the client's room.
C) Wear a mask for all client care.
D) Wash hands.

Question 20

Which of the following clients would be most at risk for a hospital acquired infection (HAI)?

A) A 72-year-old male client with COPD.
B) A 19-year-old woman in her first trimester of pregnancy.
C) A client in the emergency department with abdominal pain.
D) An 86-year-old female client in residential care.

Question 21

Which of the following groups of symptoms is most commonly found in a client who has systemic infection?

A) Oedema, redness, heat, and pain.
B) Tingling, numbness, and cramping of the extremities.
C) Fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.
D) Palpitations, irritability, and heat intolerance.

Question 23

Which of the following nursing interventions demonstrates the correct technique to remove a grossly soiled gown when leaving isolation?

A) Avoid touching soiled parts on the outside of the gown.
B) Remove the gown outside the client's room and discard in an appropriate container immediately.
C) Grasp the gown along the inside of the neck and pull down over the shoulders.
D) Roll up the gown with the soiled part inside and discard it in the appropriate container.

Question 24

Which of the following instructions is the most important to give a client who is about to be discharged and has a surgical wound?

A) Apply lubricating lotion to the edges of the wound.
B) Notify your doctor if you notice oedema, heat, or tenderness at the wound site.
C) Thoroughly irrigate the wound with hydrogen peroxide.
D) Adjust your diet so it contains more fruits and vegetables.

Question 25

Which of the following interventions demonstrates the appropriate technique for removing a mask?

A) Loop the ties over the ears.
B) Bend the strip at the top of the mask.
C) Tie the strings in a bow.
D) Touch the mask by the strings only.

Question 26

The RN has just stuck herself with a syringe while dropping it into a sharps container that was too full in a client's room. Which of the following steps should be taken next, for a puncture?

A) Complete an injury report.
B) Wash/clean the area with soap and water.
C) Initiate first aid.
D) Encourage bleeding.

Question 27

Which of the following nursing interventions should be performed first when removing gloves?

A) Perform proper hand hygiene.
B) Drop the gloves into the refuse container.
C) Place the first two fingers of one hand into the cuff of the second glove.
D) Remove the first glove by grasping it on its palmar surface, taking care to touch only glove to glove.

Question 28

Which of the following actions by the RN would render a sterile field unsterile?

A) Leaving the sterile field unattended.
B) Grasping the edge of the outermost flap and opening it away from oneself.
C) Keeping objects on the field 2.5 cm from the edge.
D) Keeping the sterile field in eyesight.

Question 29

The RN is conducting a staff in-service on Standard Precautions. Which of the following statements is correct and should be included in the presentation?

A) Cut the needle off a syringe after using it to give a client an injection.
B) Wear a mask when in direct contact with all clients.
C) Dispose of blood-contaminated materials in a biohazard container.
D) Gloves should not be worn for client care unless body fluids are seen.