Deck 15: Drugs for the Endocrine System

Question 1

Which of the following symptoms is NOT caused by hyperthyroidism?

A) Feeling of warmth
B) Tachycardia
C) Fatigue
D) Increase in respiration

Answer 1

Fatigue

Question 2

Which of the following terms is used to describe the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex that have anti-inflammatory action and suppress the immune reaction?

A) Glucocorticoids
B) Corticosteroids
C) Mineralocorticoids
D) Epinephrine

Answer 2

Corticosteroids

Question 3

Which of the following glands is wrapped around the trachea, just below the larynx?

A) Adrenal
B) Thymus
C) Pineal
D) Thyroid

Answer 3

Thyroid

Question 4

Which of the following hormones controls the cell's use of sugar?

A) Glycogen
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Adrenaline

Question 5

Which of the following terms is used to describe a condition that results from the overproduction of growth hormone in an adult?

A) Acromegaly
B) Giantism
C) Hypergenesis
D) Osteopathy

Question 6

Which of the following is the major function of the thyroid gland?

A) Control metabolism
B) Regulate blood calcium levels
C) Secrete epinephrine in response to an emergency
D) Store excess sugar in the liver

Question 7

Epinephrine created in the body is known as:

A) somatotropin.
B) adrenaline.
C) glycogen.
D) dopamine.

Question 8

Which of the following may occur if too much parathyroid hormone is manufactured?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Bones that are soft and easy to bend
C) Muscle spasms
D) Cretinism

Question 9

Which of the following terms is used to describe hormones that maintain normal blood volume and promote sodium and water retention and urinary excretion of potassium?

A) Glucocorticoids
B) Corticosteroids
C) Mineralocorticoids
D) Epinephrine

Question 10

Which of the following is the main function of the parathyroid hormone?

A) Control metabolism
B) Regulate blood calcium levels
C) Secrete epinephrine in response to an emergency
D) Store excess sugar in the liver

Question 11

The main regulators of metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, homeostasis, energy production, and immunity are:

A) minerals.
B) vitamins.
C) hormones.
D) nutrients.

Question 12

The availability of iodized _________________ helps people consume enough iodine to fulfill the needs of the thyroid.

A) table salt
B) bananas
C) supplements
D) poultry

Question 13

Which of the following glands is (are) NOT controlled by the pituitary?

A) Sex glands
B) Parathyroid glands
C) Thyroid gland
D) Adrenal glands

Question 14

Which of the following describes the location of the adrenal glands?

A) Wrapped around the trachea
B) In the mediastinum
C) On top of the kidneys
D) In the epigastric region

Question 15

Which of the following is the gland at the base of the brain, known as the master gland?

A) Thyroid
B) Adrenal
C) Pituitary
D) Thymus

Question 16

Which of the following is necessary for adequate production of thyroxine and triiodothyronine?

A) Calcium
B) Iodine
C) Sodium
D) Iron

Question 17

Which of the following hormones help(s) the body handle stressful situations?

A) Glucocorticoids
B) Corticosteroids
C) Mineralocorticoids
D) Epinephrine

Question 18

Which of the following terms is used to describe hormones that regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats and have an anti-inflammatory effect?

A) Glucocorticoids
B) Corticosteroids
C) Mineralocorticoids
D) Epinephrine

Question 19

An intolerance to cold, personality changes, fatigue, dry skin, brittle nails, slow speech, and weight gain may be symptoms of:

A) diabetes mellitus.
B) hypothyroidism.
C) Cushing's syndrome.
D) Addison's disease.

Question 20

What is the condition that occurs when too little parathyroid hormone is produced?

A) Cretinism
B) Tetany
C) Myxedema
D) Restless leg syndrome

Question 21

Which of the following is administered in emergencies when diabetic patients have received too much insulin?

A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Glycogen
D) Adrenaline

Question 22

Lente and NPH are examples of ______________ insulin.

A) short-acting
B) rapid-acting
C) intermediate-acting
D) long-acting

Question 23

Which structure controls basic body functions such as sleep, appetite, and body temperature?

A) Thyroid
B) Thymus
C) Hypothalamus
D) Pineal

Question 24

Which of the following would be administered to a person in a diabetic coma?

A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Sugar
D) Bicarbonate of soda

Question 25

Which of the following terms is used to describe too little insulin in the bloodstream?

A) Hypoglycogenolysis
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Hyperglycogenolysis

Question 26

Which of the following does NOT describe how endocrine disorders arise?

A) Gland overproduces its hormones.
B) Gland underproduces its hormones.
C) Gland produces hormones too early.
D) Target cells are overresponsive to the effects of hormones.

Question 27

Which of the following is the most common use of hormones in drug therapy?

A) Palliative
B) Replacement therapy
C) Health maintenance
D) Curative

Question 28

Patients with diabetes are encouraged to eat small meals throughout the day rather than a few large meals. The purpose is to avoid large fluctuations in the amount of __________ in the blood.

A) proteins
B) sugar
C) vitamins
D) insulin

Question 29

Which of the following statements describes why insulin must be injected?

A) Insulin is destroyed by gastric secretions.
B) Oral delivery results in a longer time for the peak effect to occur than does injection.
C) Continuous delivery by the transdermal route dose not conform to fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
D) Buccal administration is too fast to coincide with peak action.

Question 30

Which of the following is the source of most hormones used in drug therapy?

A) Animals
B) Humans
C) Synthetic
D) Microorganisms

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a way to manage mild cases of diabetes?

A) Controlling diet
B) Maintaining normal body weight
C) Exercising
D) Administering intramuscular injections of insulin

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a category of insulin?

A) Gentle-acting
B) Rapid-acting
C) Intermediate-acting
D) Long-acting

Question 33

Which of the following terms describes large amounts of sugar in the urine?

A) Glycosuria
B) Glycemia
C) Glycogenosis
D) Glycogenesis

Question 34

Which of the following is usually used to treat genetically caused hormonal problems?

A) Radioactive "cocktail"
B) Surgery
C) Replacement hormones
D) Radiation

Question 35

Which of the following terms is used to describe a gland that is overdeveloped?

A) Cytomegaly
B) Hypercytosis
C) Hyperplasia
D) Adenoma

Question 36

Which of the following terms describes the onset of glucose tolerance during pregnancy?

A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Diabetes insipidus
C) Gestational diabetes
D) Gravid diabetes

Question 37

Which of the following does NOT affect a diabetic person's need for insulin?

A) Emotions
B) Diet
C) Exercise
D) Weight

Question 38

Which of the following is the route of administration of Humlin R?

A) Buccal
B) Transdermal
C) Subcutaneous
D) Inhalation

Question 39

Which of the following terms is used to describe a common pancreatic disorder, characterized by an inability to use carbohydrates secondary to ineffective or no insulin production?

A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Diabetes insipidus
C) Gestational diabetes
D) Cushing's syndrome

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of diabetes?

A) Polyphagia
B) Polydipsia
C) Polyuria
D) Polycythemia

Question 41

Weight gain, edema, hypertension, and failure of wounds to heal are problems associated with the long-term dose of which of the following?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Epinephrine
C) Insulin
D) Somatropin

Question 42

Which of the following terms is used to describe too much insulin in the blood?

A) Hyperinosemia
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Hypoglobulinemia

Question 43

Increased appetite, nervousness, heart palpitations, cold sweating, shakiness, and blurred vision are symptoms of:

A) hypometabolism.
B) hypoglycemia.
C) hyperglycemia.
D) hyperglycinemia.

Question 44

Diabetics should avoid:

A) drinking sugar-free soda.
B) drinking alcohol.
C) eating many small meals.
D) exercising regularly.

Question 45

The levels of circulating hormones provide ___________ to the control system. When the proper blood level of hormone level is reached, the hypothalamus signals the pituitary to stop stimulating hormone production.

Question 46

Teaching diabetic patients good habits of skin, foot, and dental care can prevent ________________.

A) blood vessel diseases
B) vision problems
C) infections
D) sudden cardiac death

Question 47

Addison's disease is caused by hyposecretion of hormones from which of the following glands?

A) Pancreas
B) Thyroid
C) Adrenal
D) Pituitary

Question 48

Which of the following would be administered to a patient experiencing hypoglycemia?

A) Insulin
B) Glycogen
C) Sugar
D) Bicarbonate of soda

Question 49

Calcium stones in the kidneys may result from too much of which of the following hormones?

A) Parathyroid hormone
B) Aldosterone
C) Calcitonin
D) Thyroxine

Question 50

Which of the following types of insulin should NOT be cloudy?

A) Lente
B) Ultralente
C) NPH
D) Humulin

Question 51

The hormone chemical message system is regulated by the pituitary, which is stimulated or inhibited by the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus relies on input from the ________________ system about the conditions inside and outside the body.

Question 52

Which of the following is a long-acting insulin that releases insulin at a constant slow rate over 24 hours with no peaks?

A) Lantus
B) Lente
C) NPH
D) Humulin N

Question 53

Diabetes insipidus is caused by a lack of which of the following hormones?

A) Insulin
B) Antidiuretic hormone
C) Follicle-stimulating hormone
D) Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 54

Which of the following terms describes oral medications used to reduce diabetic symptoms?

A) Oral insulin
B) Oral hypoglycemics
C) Oral Lente
D) Oral NPH

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a reason that a gland may secrete too much, too little, or too early?

A) Hyperplasia
B) Tumor
C) Genetic factors
D) Faulty messages from the pituitary

Question 56

A patient who is over the age of 40, has had diabetes for less than five years, is normal weight or obese, and has a consistent diet would respond best to:

A) Lente insulin.
B) an insulin pump.
C) oral hypoglycemics.
D) biosynthetic insulin.

Question 57

Which of the following terms is used to describe the potentially fatal insufficient production of corticosteroids?

A) Cushing's syndrome
B) Addison's disease
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) Graves' disease

Question 58

Corticosteroids suppress _________________, which is the body's normal reaction to irritation or injury.

Question 59

Antidiuretic pituitary hormone (ADH) is given to control which of the following conditions?

A) Type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
B) Type 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
C) Gestational diabetes
D) Diabetes insipidus

Question 60

Large doses of which of the following are given to combat allergic reactions and inflammation?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Androgens
C) Epinephrine
D) Thyroid hormones

Question 61

The main function of parathyroid hormone is to maintain a normal blood __________ level.

Question 62

To produce adequate levels of thyroid hormones, the thyroid gland needs ___________, a mineral that is present in vegetables and seafood.

Question 63

Weight gain, edema, hypertension, facial rounding, and psychological changes are all ________________ associated with long-term corticosteroid therapy.

Question 64

Corticosteroid therapy also interferes with the _______________ between the adrenal glands and the pituitary. After withdrawal of corticosteroids, the chemical signal system between the glands takes several months to return to normal.

Question 65

The availability of iodized _____________ helps people take in enough iodine to fulfill the needs of the thyroid.

Question 66

The rate of absorption of insulin is greatest in the _____________, followed by the arm, thigh, and buttocks.

Question 67

The thyroid hormones control __________________, which is the rate at which all cells produce energy.

Question 68

Be aware of the peak action time for the type of insulin you are giving. This will enable you to be alert for signs of ___________________, and have juice or sugar available, if necessary.

Question 69

Signs of _____________________ include intolerance to cold, personality changes, fatigue, dry skin, brittle nails, slow speech, and weight gain.

Question 70

The gland located at the base of the brain, referred to as the "master gland," is the ________________.

Question 71

When prescribing corticosteroids, doctors try to prescribe the _______ dose possible for the _____________ time needed to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

Question 72

One problem with corticosteroid therapy is that it masks ______________ and may cause it to spread.

Question 73

Insulin strength is measured in ____________.

Question 74

Gigantism occurs when the pituitary secretes too much growth hormone in a ____________.

Question 75

When mixing regular and intermediate-acting insulin in one syringe, draw up the intermediate-acting insulin ________________.

Question 76

When the pituitary secretes too much growth hormone in an adult, it is termed _______________.

Question 77

Insulin is most commonly administered using the __________________ route.

Question 78

The endocrine system is made up of glands, structures that produce and secrete chemical substances called _________________ directly into the bloodstream.

Question 79

Lente, Ultralente, and NPH insulin should be _____________, whereas regular insulin should be ___________.

Question 80

The _________________ gland is wrapped around the trachea just below the larynx, or voice box.