Deck 11: Autobiographical Memory

Question 1

To what does Bluck et al.'s (2005)TALE refer?
(A)A theory concerning autobiographical fluency
(B)Talking About Life Expectations questionnaire
(C)Thinking About Life Expectations questionnaire
(D)Thinking About Life Experiences questionnaire
(E)A therapeutic approach used in psychoanalysis

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which methodology did Linton (1975)use to explore her own autobiographical memory?
(A)Suggestive therapy
(B)Beeper
(C)Memory probe
(D)Word association
(E)Diary study

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The directive function of autobiographical memories refers to:
(A)Using past experience to solve problems
(B)Binding people together in a social way
(C)Maintaining the self-image
(D)Remembering pleasant memories when depressed
(E)The control of the central executive over the semantic aspects of autobiographical memories

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Catarino et al (2015), concluded that:
(A)Participants with PTSD showed significantly less suppression-induced forgetting than did control participants
(B)Participants with PTSD showed significantly less suppression- induced forgetting than did control participants
(C)Participants with PTSD showed increased activation in the left and right hippocampus and adjacent parahippocampal cortex
(D)Participants with PTSD showed decreased activation in the left and right hippocampus and adjacent parahippocampal cortex
(E)Participants with PTSD showed reduced spatial imagery

Question 5

Gilbertson et al. (2002)found that Vietnam veterans who had developed PTSD and which other group both had reduced hippocampal volumes relative to controls, suggesting that the small hippocampus made the PTSD patients more vulnerable to the disorder?
(A)London taxi drivers
(B)Unexposed twins
(C)World War II veterans
(D)Their spouses
(E)Their children

Question 6

According to Brewer (2001), which form of memory is exceptionally vivid during a flashback but cannot be retrieved intentionally?
(A)Semantic memory
(B)Verbally accessible memory
(C)Visually accessible memory
(D)Episodic memory
(E)Situationally accessible memory

Question 7

When discrepancies arise amidst the complex set of active goals and self-images proposed by Conway, this may result in:
(A)All of these
(B)Delusion
(C)Confabulation
(D)False memories
(E)A disconnection from reality

Question 8

What limitation did Brewer (1988)attempt to avoid by sampling at random times?
(A)Participant effects
(B)Biased free recall
(C)Biased selection
(D)Experimenter effects
(E)Demand characteristics

Question 9

Glück and Bluck (2007)observed that participants recalled more _____ during the reminiscence bump.
(A)Negative events for which they felt they had a low degree of control
(B)Negative events for which they felt they had a high degree of control
(C)Neutral events for which they felt they had a high degree of control
(D)Positive events for which they felt they had a high degree of control
(E)Positive events for which they felt they had a low degree of control

Question 10

Conway and Pleydell-Pearce (2000)argued that the autobiographic system depends on interaction between the knowledge base and which construct?
(A)The working self
(B)The working memory
(C)The idealized self
(D)The experienced self
(E)The aught self

Question 11

Autonoetic consciousness refers to what phenomenon?
(A)Our ability to reflect on other people's thoughts
(B)Our ability to reflect on our own thoughts
(C)An awareness of how we influence technology
(D)A state between sleep and consciousness when some information can be recalled
(E)A chemically induced state in which memory is hindered

Question 12

In Brewer's (1988)study, 26% of recorded events:
(A)Were sampled for the final test
(B)Were recalled incorrectly
(C)Evoked a blank
(D)Were correctly recalled
(E)Were used as additional cues for other events

Question 13

What is the main difficulty related to studying autobiographical memory?
(A)Time of day effects
(B)A lack of control over the test environment
(C)A lack of real-world situations
(D)Participants are always honest about themselves
(E)A lack of control over the learning environment

Question 14

Wagenaar found that which of the following memory cues was the LEAST effective at evoking the appropriate memory?
(A)Who
(B)When
(C)What
(D)Where
(E)All these cues proved equally useful

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of flashbulb memories?
(A)They don't need to be life-threatening
(B)They are reportedly very vivid
(C)They depend on the degree to which the remember was likely affected by the event
(D)Their accuracy tends to be incredibly stable over the years
(E)They tend to lose detail at the same rate as everyday memories, despite claims of being clearer

Question 16

Which of these definitions best describes autobiographical memory?
(A)Memory that cannot be stated explicitly
(B)Memory consisting of generalized knowledge about the world
(C)Memory of specific events located at a specific point in time
(D)Memory for how to perform a certain task
(E)Memory consisting of information about ourselves and our interactions

Question 17

Unlike most people, RM would seem to fit the profile of using which type of framework to organize memories:
(A)Funnel
(B)Hierarchical
(C)Date-based calendar
(D)Longitudinal
(E)Regressive

Question 18

To what period does infantile amnesia typically apply?
(A)The first five years
(B)The first six years
(C)The first seven years
(D)The first four years
(E)The first ten years

Question 19

A coherent account of one's life is often referred to as a what?
(A)Internet blog
(B)Life narrative
(C)Discourse
(D)Content analysis
(E)Working self

Question 20

Which of the following has been proposed as an interpretation of infantile amnesia, according to the text?
(A)Late development of the hippocampus
(B)Freudian repression
(C)All of these
(D)Underdeveloped nature of a coherent self in infancy
(E)Neurogenesis-induced forgetting

Question 21

'Reverse temporal gradient' refers to:
(A)The tendency, in fugue state, for the oldest autobiographical memories to be forgotten less than more recent ones
(B)The amount of time required to forget an autobiographical memory
(C)The tendency, in focal retrograde amnesia, for the oldest autobiographical memories to be forgotten more than more recent ones
(D)The amount of time required to encode an autobiographical memory
(E)The amount of time required for Fugue- to-FRA to resolve

Question 22

Which term is applied to a sudden loss of autobiographical memory which is often accompanied by wandering and often resolves quickly?
(A)Prosopagnosia
(B)Focal amnesia
(C)Substance-induced amnesia
(D)Multiple personality
(E)Fugue

Question 23

The posterior midline cortex includes:
(A)Anterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus
(B)Posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and the parieto-occipital sulcus
(C)Posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, hippocampus
(D)Anterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, medial septal nucleus
(E)Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parahippocampal cortex, amygdala

Question 24

A recent meta-analysis of autobiographical memory studies using neuroimaging in healthy participants by Boccia et al. (2019)showed what set of brain regions activated during autobiographical memory retrieval:
(A)Left hippocampus and posterior midline cortex
(B)Right hippocampus and precuneus
(C)ACC and ventromedial prefrontal cortex
(D)left and right hippocampus, parahippocampal cortex, the posterior midline cortex, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex
(E)Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ACC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex