Deck 12: Bone Structure and Classification

Question 1

Osteons are only found in compact bone.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Chicken bones soaked in vinegar or hydrochloric acid overnight become flexible, because the acid dissolves the collagen fibers.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Some of the large cranial bones, which have wide surfaces, and are sometimes curved, are classified as ________ bones.

A)short
B)long
C)irregular
D)flat
E)sesamoid

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The inorganic portion of the bone matrix consists of all of the following except

A)calcium phosphate.
B)calcium carbonate.
C)collagen fibers.
D)fluoride ions.
E)magnesium ions.

Question 5

By the time a person reaches adulthood, all of his/her red bone marrow has been converted to yellow bone marrow.

Question 6

Looking at a radiograph of the hand, it can be seen that the metacarpals and phalanges are classified as ________ bones.

A)flat
B)irregular
C)sesamoid
D)long
E)short

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of the cartilage of the adult skeleton?

A)Intervertebral discs lie between adjacent vertebrae, and provide shock absorption for the vertebrae.
B)Costal cartilages connect the ribs to the sternum.
C)Articular cartilage is found on the ends of bones in joints, and reduces friction between joint-forming surfaces of the bones.
D)Costal cartilage, articular cartilage, and intervertebral discs are all composed of fibrocartilage.
E)All of these are true of the cartilage of the adult skeleton.

Question 8

A small chamber occupied by an osteocyte is called a(n)________.

A)lacuna
B)osteon
C)lamella
D)canaliculus
E)endosteum

Question 9

Which of the following structures would NOT be found in the long bones of a mature adult?

A)Epiphyses
B)Epiphyseal plates
C)Red bone marrow
D)Epiphyseal lines
E)Diaphyses

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of the bones?

A)To store inorganic salts
B)To serve as attachment sites for muscles
C)To help to buffer blood pH
D)To contain the cells that produce blood cells
E)All of these are functions of the bones.

Question 11

Each bone consists of either compact or spongy bone, but not both.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of the structure of long bones?

A)Long bones contain an epiphysis at both ends.
B)The diaphysis and surfaces of the epiphyses consist of compact bone.
C)The periosteum surrounds the entire bone, even where there is articular cartilage.
D)Spongy bone makes up the internal portions of the epiphyses.
E)All of the following are true of the structure of a long bone.

Question 13

Which of the following contain red bone marrow in the adult skeleton?

A)The proximal epiphyses of the femurs
B)The radius and ulna
C)The tibia and fibula
D)The phalanges of the hands and feet
E)None of these structures contain red bone marrow in the adult skeleton.

Question 14

Some people develop bones in areas of compression in the hand or foot; these extra bones are classified as ________ bones.

A)long
B)sesamoid
C)irregular
D)short
E)flat

Question 15

Concentric, interstitial, and circumferential lamellae all consist of ________.

A)spongy bone
B)hematopoietic cells
C)yellow bone marrow
D)layers of matrix
E)trabeculae

Question 16

What is the function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

A)They form blood cells.
B)They dissolve bone to release calcium salts into the blood.
C)They are the stem cells of bone tissue.
D)They are isolated within the bone matrix, and they function in bone homeostasis.
E)They form bone by depositing bone matrix.

Question 17

A bone is considered to be a tissue of the skeletal system.