Deck 11: Evidence-Based Delinquency Risk Prevention

Question 1

The ______ is designed to be used with families without maltreatment substantiation but who otherwise pose high risks for maltreatment in the future.

A) Family Assessment Approach
B) Family Classification Approach
C) Family Developmental Approach
D) Family Protective Approach

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The ______ program, providing assessment, consultation, and intervention services with a care coordinator, has been found to be effective in addressing the risk for future child maltreatment.

A) Family First
B) Child First
C) First Home
D) Love First

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The ______ program employs trained paraprofessionals to provide services to parents from the prenatal period up to 5 years of the child's age with parenting skills, child development to disadvantaged mothers, and other maltreatment prevention efforts.

A) Healthy Families America
B) Family Health Initiative
C) Rescuing Families
D) Serving Our Families

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Over the past decade, a proliferation of program development has occurred on what is commonly called ______, which seeks to address the harm caused by poverty, witnessing violence, domestic violence, and so on.

A) harm management care
B) injury maintenance care
C) stabilization care
D) trauma-informed care

Question 5

The ______ is a set of assessment tools that identify key decision points within each child protection agency cases and provides intervention directives.

A) Intervention-strategy model
B) Problematic case model
C) Review of Factors model
D) Structured Decision-Making model

Question 6

Which of the following is true of the effectiveness of family and parent support groups?

A) Parental functioning improves in less structured group settings.
B) Groups modeled on 12-step programs showed improvement by all parents.
C) Programs in childcare centers showed very little promise in improving parents' attitudes and behaviors.
D) The evidence is overwhelmingly supportive of family and parent support groups.

Question 7

The ecological/psychosocial model takes into account the youth's ______ and how the age of onset of problems as well as the cumulative impact of multiple difficulties impact the risks of offending behaviors, delinquency, and/or school exclusion outcomes.

A) developmental stage
B) extent of problematic behaviors
C) prior delinquency trends
D) static risk factors

Question 8

The Positive Parenting Program (Triple P), based on ______, incorporates various intervention techniques and multiple levels of intervention.

A) biological theory
B) psychological theory
C) social learning theory
D) structural theory

Question 9

The Triple P and the ______ program have demonstrated positive cost/benefit impacts (e.g., return on investment).

A) Healthy Start
B) Incredible Years
C) Parent-Child Interaction
D) Social Child

Question 10

The goals of ______ include providing parents with education, information, access to other services, support, and instruction on parenting practices.

A) early intervention programs
B) home visiting programs
C) intention-based programs
D) outreach programs

Question 11

Which of the following has been identified as an effective element of parent training and education programs?

A) a shorter follow-up period
B) an atheoretical base
C) interventions with few components
D) early intervention

Question 12

Which of the following has been identified as an element of effective programs for children and adolescents with maltreatment victimization who are also at risk for delinquency involvement?

A) They emphasize behavior skills development.
B) They focus on short-term outcomes.
C) They involve a unimodal intervention approach.
D) They rely on a standardized assessment of youths.

Question 13

Interventions for maltreatment victims are short-term interventions primarily aimed at ______.

A) establishing a social network for the youth
B) providing parental education
C) stabilizing crisis situations
D) teaching youth to manage trauma

Question 14

Which of the following is a reason why evidence of the effectiveness of training and education programs for parents is mixed?

A) There are few subjects willing to participate in evaluations.
B) There is a lack of longer-term follow-up.
C) There are too many programs to evaluate all of them.
D) There are too few variables to measure

Question 15

The ecological/psychosocial model uses a ______ approach in understanding offending behaviors, delinquency, and/or school exclusion outcomes.

A) functionalist
B) multidimensional
C) reiterative
D) static

Question 16

The ______ is a federally funded program providing both in-home parent training and center-based early care and education for children, utilizing paraprofessionals and teachers.

A) Early Head Start
B) Early Intervention
C) Early First Steps
D) Early Development

Question 17

The vast majority, over 90%, of abuse and neglect perpetrators are ______.

A) extended-family relatives
B) parents and guardians
C) adoptive family members
D) siblings in the home

Question 18

Public concern and media attention of child sexual abuse have prompted legislation including increased ______.

A) sexual offender registration
B) three strike laws
C) trauma-based support groups for juveniles
D) use of early intervention programs

Question 19

Many difficulties linked to delinquency are rooted in ______, making it critical to investigate across a multi-developmental time period.

A) earlier childhood
B) later childhood
C) early adolescence
D) later adolescence

Question 20

The ______ works primarily with low-income, first-time mothers prenatally up to 2 years of the child's age, teaching health behaviors to the parents and developmentally appropriate skills to the child.

A) Developmental Intervention Approach
B) Independence-Based Program
C) Nurse-Family Partnership
D) Strategic Education Outreach

Question 21

______ interventions for ADHD include classroom-based behavior modification, social skills training, and cognitive-behavioral skills training, as well as, home-based/parent training.

A) Behaviorally focused
B) Cognitive-behavioral
C) Psychosocial
D) Therapeutic

Question 22

School-based programs such as the PATHS Curriculum have the therapeutic goal of ______.

A) affecting self-esteem
B) improving self-control
C) modifying a child's existing skill set
D) teaching new behavior-based skills

Question 23

While using medication to control anxiety disorders can be effective in the short term, it can also produce side effects and ______.

A) codependency
B) system rejection
C) tolerance buildup
D) withdrawal symptoms

Question 24

The primary approach for stabilizing the most serious depressive symptoms, such as suicidal ideation and behaviors, is ______.

A) behaviorally based therapy
B) cognitive-behavioralism
C) psychopharmacology
D) social-behavioralism

Question 25

______ has been found effective in working with children who have behaviorally based and/or aggression problems.

A) Cognitive-behavioral therapy
B) Parent management training
C) Psychosocial therapy
D) Sensitivity training

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of a behaviorally based disorder?

A) anxiety disorder
B) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
C) oppositional defiant disorder
D) post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 27

______ is an example of a tutoring program with widely implemented successful results.

A) Classroom Complete
B) Educational Universe
C) Learn 24/7
D) Read 180

Question 28

The ______ is an effective school-based program that decreases aggressive behaviors and improves social problem-solving through teaching children developmentally based lessons and instructions on emotional literacy and ability to identify feelings, self-control, interpersonal problem-solving skills, and positive peer relations.

A) Posing Alternates and Thinking Strategies Curriculum
B) Positive Avenues to Thinking Success Curriculum
C) Posturing and Alternative Thinking Sequences Curriculum
D) Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies Curriculum

Question 29

______ interventions, used with both adolescents and their families, have been found to be effective in reducing aggressive and antisocial behaviors.

A) Anger management treatment
B) Behaviorally based treatment
C) Cognitive-behavioral treatment
D) Sensitivity-focused treatment

Question 30

Both Functional Family Therapy and ______ use a framework of modifying individual behaviors and cognitions with an emphasis on the larger group environment as the focal area requiring change rather than only focusing on the adolescent.

A) Aggregation Therapy
B) Community-Focused Therapy
C) Environment-Focused Therapy
D) Multisystemic Therapy

Question 31

The ______ is an intervention using skills-based and peer-mediated group design that has been in helping with trauma and related difficulties for children.

A) Abrupt Crisis Management Intervention
B) Harm and Injury Reduction Initiative
C) Trauma-focused Coping in Schools
D) Universal Assistance Intervention

Question 32

______ is one of the most reviewed and researched interventions for adolescent substance use and abuse that has shown promising outcomes.

A) Behaviorally based therapy
B) Cognitive-behavioral therapy
C) Motivational therapy
D) Psychoanalytic therapy

Question 33

______ are one of the most common interventions utilized in working with at-risk adolescents across many areas: delinquency, antisocial behavior, substance abuse, aggression, and school failure, among others.

A) Group counseling approaches
B) Mentoring programs
C) Psychodynamic approaches
D) Systemic programs

Question 34

To say that a substance abuse program is offered in an indicated format means it is available to ______.

A) all youth within a certain environment
B) certain adolescents who are identified as high risk for substance abuse
C) families at high risk for substance abuse
D) only those who seek assistance for substance abuse issues

Question 35

In treating anxiety disorders, two forms of interventions, cognitive-behavioral therapy and ______, have been found to have the greatest impact.

A) disruption therapy
B) pharmacotherapy
C) psychosocial efforts
D) therapeutic efforts

Question 36

Reviews of behavioral parent training programs have found that the programs ______.

A) are low quality and ineffective in decreasing problem behaviors
B) are high quality and effective in decreasing problem behaviors
C) are too similar to differentiate and the effectiveness cannot be adequately measured
D) are too diverse and evaluations have produced mixed results

Question 37

Late identification of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is more common among adolescents with ______.

A) attention problems
B) behavioral problems
C) cognitive problems
D) disruptive problems

Question 38

Which of the following statements is true of suicide among youths?

A) As the number of risk factors increases, the risk for suicidal behavior also increases.
B) Few suicidal risk factors for youths have been identified.
C) Anxiety disorders have been strongly linked to suicide among youths.
D) Substance abuse is not related to a youth's likelihood of suicidal behaviors.

Question 39

For youths, ______ play a key part in reducing the risk of substance abuse.

A) families
B) peers
C) significant others
D) teachers

Question 40

A meta-analysis of 29 tutoring programs that included both adult non-professional and adult trained-professional volunteers demonstrated that these programs were effective at improving reading abilities among ______.

A) elementary school children
B) middle school children
C) high school students
D) high school dropouts

Question 41

What are the risk factors that correlate with youthful suicidal behaviors? What are suicide behaviors? Provide some examples of suicide behaviors. How do such risk factors relate to suicidal behaviors?

Question 42

Because children with behaviorally based disorders and problems usually only struggle in only one environment (e.g., home, school, or community), interventions should be narrowly focused on that single environment.

Question 43

There is an extensive body of research evaluating the outcomes of residential treatment for adolescents.

Question 44

Left untreated, anxiety disorders will usually dissipate on their own over time.

Question 45

Discuss the concept of early identification as it relates to at-risk youth. Why is early identification important? Also, discuss the three instruments/models, discussed in this chapter, that are used to identify and assess which youths are at increased risk for maltreatment. What is the focus of each instrument/model?

Question 46

A majority of schools in America offer some sort of preventative programming.

Question 47

Many reviews of mentoring programs have been completed, with generally negative outcomes.

Question 48

Medications can be used as an option for curing ADH D.

Question 49

A number of epidemiological studies have found that the earlier the problems are identified, the better the chance that harm can be minimized and poor outcomes averted.

Question 50

Few children with ADHD continue to have symptoms into adolescence.

Question 51

When programs try to address only a few maltreatment risk factors, the impact is often diluted or negligible.

Question 52

Discuss home visiting programs. What are they? Who delivers the home visiting program? What forms do they take? Provide examples of the models. Why are they important to discussions of evidence-based interventions of at-risk youth?

Question 53

Discuss substance abuse treatment among youths. What proportion of youths are in need, and what proportion access available services? Why is there such a small proportion in need youths that access services? What progress has been made in recent years? Discuss how family-based therapies are showing promise in treating youths with substance abuse issues.

Question 54

What is trauma-informed care? What forms of trauma do trauma-informed care programs address? What are the characteristics of a typical trauma-informed care program? What level of empirical support do such programs have? Why are such programs important to the juvenile justice system?

Question 55

Parents who mistreat their children rarely lack parenting abilities, child-rearing knowledge, or the psychological makeup to be positive caregivers.

Question 56

For children and adolescents supervised by child protective agencies, interventions are rarely offered during the supervision time period.

Question 57

Family and parent support groups have received decreasing recognition in the prevention and treatment of child maltreatment.

Question 58

Programs and interventions for dealing with behaviorally based disorders target both parents and children.

Question 59

Functional Family Therapy is intended to be a short-term therapeutic program.

Question 60

Research has shown that there is significant comorbidity across the problem areas that mentoring programs try to address (e.g., a child with substance abuse might also have issues with aggression).