Deck 24: Environmental Protection

Question 1

An EIS must contain a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed action and alternative actions.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The pollutant standards under the NAAQS are set in two levels.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Clean Air Act authorizes the EPA to regulate air pollution caused by fuel and fuel additives.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Oil refineries are an example of stationary sources of air pollution.

Question 5

The right to enforce air pollution standards is an exclusive prerogative of the federal government.

Question 6

The NEPA and EPA regulations require that an environmental impact statement (EIS)be prepared by the state government.

Question 7

According to officials at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the air inside buildings is typically the safest as it is free from pollution.

Question 8

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted by the Congress in 1948 continues to be applied across the United States in its original form without amendments.

Question 9

The federal government is primarily responsible for the implementation of the Clear Water Act in all states.

Question 10

The third category of the nonattainment areas is labeled "serious."

Question 11

Human beings are protected in the secondary level of the NAAQS.

Question 12

The EPA administers the NEPA and has the authority to adopt regulations for the enforcement of the act.

Question 13

Regions that do not meet air quality standards are designated as air quality control regions.

Question 14

Indoor air pollution is primarily caused by toxic fumes from industrial plants located in cities.

Question 15

The Clean Air Act does not apply to stationary sources of pollution.

Question 16

Each state is required to prepare a state implementation plan (SIP)that sets out how the state plans to meet the federal pollutant standards.

Question 17

The EPA can prohibit the construction of a new pollution-causing industrial plant in a state that is a nonattainment area.

Question 18

The primary level of the NAAQS protects vegetation.

Question 19

The Environmental Protection Agency lacks adjudicative powers to hold hearings and order remedies for violation of environmental laws.

Question 20

An EIS can be challenged in court by environmentalists and other interested parties.

Question 21

The EPA requires special labeling of toxic substances.

Question 22

The filling or dredging of navigable waters and qualified wetlands are prohibited unless a permit has been obtained from the Army Corps of Engineers.

Question 23

The ________ administers the NEPA and has the authority to adopt regulations for the enforcement of the act.

A) Environmental Protection Agency
B) Environmental Investigation Agency
C) Ministry of Environmental Protection
D) Association of Environmental Professionals

Question 24

Point sources are sources of pollution that are fixed and stationary.

Question 25

The Superfund is financed through taxes on products that contain hazardous substances.

Question 26

The ________ is a federal administrative agency created by Congress to coordinate the implementation and enforcement of the federal environmental protection laws.

A) Ministry of Environmental Protection
B) Environmental Investigation Agency
C) Environmental Protection Agency
D) Global Environment Facility

Question 27

The Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, enacted in 1972, extends environmental protection to the oceans.

Question 28

The Endangered Species Act applies only to private parties.

Question 29

The Clear Water Act authorizes the EPA to establish national primary drinking water standards.

Question 30

Taking is defined as an act intended to "harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect" an endangered animal.

Question 31

The Clear Air Act requires the EPA to identify toxic air pollutants that present a substantial risk of injury to human health or the environment.

Question 32

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act is commonly called the Superfund.

Question 33

The Toxic Substances Control Act is administered by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Question 34

The Oil Pollution Act authorizes the U.S. government to clean up oil spills and spills of other hazardous substances in ocean waters within 12 miles of the shore.

Question 35

Which of the following is a document required by the NEPA that must be prepared for any proposed legislation or major federal action that significantly affects the quality of the human environment?

A) environmental impact abstract
B) environmental impact statement
C) environmental impact design
D) strategic environmental assessment

Question 36

The National Environmental Policy Act is a federal statute which mandates that the federal government must ________.

A) consider focusing on air and water pollution to the exclusion of other sources of pollution as these two modes of pollution have the greatest impact on human lives
B) execute a complete ban on the commercial usage of the two hundred toxic substances identified as being harmful and polluting
C) implement a zero-tolerance policy for all business activities that discharge waste products into water bodies
D) consider the adverse impact a federal government action would have on the environment before the action is implemented

Question 37

The Clear Water Act extends its protections to the oceans.

Question 38

Sources of thermal pollution are subject to the provisions of the Clean Water Act and the regulations adopted by the EPA.

Question 39

Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the EPA is authorized to regulate underground storage facilities.

Question 40

As a part of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, dumping wastes and other foreign materials into ocean waters are statutorily prohibited with no alternatives like permits, licenses, and mandatory checks.

Question 41

Which of the following steps immediately follows the publication of the EIS for a proposed project?

A) the Congress has to pass a bill adopting the EIS
B) the non-profit environmentalists are allowed access to the EIS
C) the government issues an order to proceed with a federal action on the project
D) the interested parties submit comments to the EPA

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true of the NAAQS?

A) They divide pollutants into five groups based on the risks they pose to humans.
B) They represent a set of standards for certain pollutants that have two levels.
C) They apply to all sources of pollution.
D) They are administered exclusively by the federal government.

Question 43

Which of the following federal administrative agencies enacts the Clean Water Act?

A) the Environmental Investigation Agency
B) the Environmental Protection Agency
C) the Ministry of Environmental Protection
D) the Association of Environmental Professionals

Question 44

Which of the following is primarily responsible for enforcing the provisions of the Clean Water Act regulations?

A) the federal government
B) independent agencies
C) the state government
D) non-profit organizations

Question 45

Each state is required to prepare a(n)________ that sets out how the state plans to meet the federal standards set by the NAAQS.

A) strategic environmental assessment
B) environmental impact statement plan
C) state assessment plan
D) state implementation plan

Question 46

A geographical area that does not meet established air quality standards is designated as a(n)________.

A) limited pollution area
B) nonattainment area
C) zoned ordinance area
D) federal regulation area

Question 47

AMS is a factory situated on the coast that uses chemicals like lead and arsenic in its daily production processes. It discharges the waste products of the manufacturing process into the sea nearby. From the information provided in the scenario, we can infer that ________.

A) AMS is a heavy electrical goods company
B) AMS is using radioactive minerals
C) AMS is likely to face corrective action by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
D) AMS is a source of pollution that is fixed and stationary

Question 48

Which of the following measures is most likely to reduce indoor air pollution?

A) complete air conditioning with sealed windows
B) heavy insulation
C) closure of all air ducts
D) no-fragrance policy

Question 49

Which of the following is a primary cause of sick building syndrome in the United States?

A) large number of outside ducts
B) unsealed windows
C) thinly insulated buildings
D) hazardous construction materials

Question 50

Which of the following actions is prohibited under the Clean Water Act?

A) inhabitation on inland areas in the vicinity of wetlands and marshes
B) chemical treatment of wastes to reduce toxicity before discharge into wetlands
C) construction of residences by filling qualified wetlands
D) creation of artificial lakes and waterways for recreation

Question 51

In a survey of the nonattainment areas in the state, the agency found Helmont to be the district that exceeded the ozone standard by the largest margin. Helmont is most likely to be categorized as a(n)________ nonattainment area.

A) severe
B) extreme
C) marginal
D) serious

Question 52

Which of the following is a sanction imposed on states that don't implement approved plans for reduction in air pollution?

A) increase in tax for personal property
B) reduction in public school funding
C) loss of federal highway funds
D) implementation of monthly fines based on pollution levels

Question 53

The Clean Water Act forbids the filling or dredging of navigable waters and qualified wetlands unless a permit has been obtained from the ________.

A) Ministry of Environmental Protection
B) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
C) Environmental Protection Agency
D) Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Question 54

The primary level of the NAAQS protects ________.

A) flora
B) human beings
C) water bodies
D) climate

Question 55

Which of the following would be considered a stationary source of air pollution?

A) aircrafts
B) oil rigs
C) cargo ships
D) automobiles

Question 56

Which of the following is true of an EIS?

A) It is not required by state or local laws, only federal law.
B) It can be challenged in court by environmentalists or other interested parties.
C) It can only be accepted after Congress passes a bill adopting the EIS.
D) It is not required for projects undertaken by private parties.

Question 57

Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water that support vegetation typically adapted for life in such conditions are called ________.

A) marine reefs
B) gullies
C) wetlands
D) reservoirs

Question 58

Which of the following is true of the Clean Air Act?

A) It is the only major state law regulating air pollution in the United States.
B) It fails to include the air pollution caused by fuel and fuel additives in its purview.
C) It is only concerned with stationary sources of air pollution.
D) It requires air pollution controls to be installed on motor vehicles.

Question 59

Which of the following is true of the NAAQS?

A) The federal government has the right to enforce these air pollution standards if the states fail to do so.
B) The state governments are responsible for setting standards for air quality in their respective state.
C) Human beings are protected under the secondary level of the NAAQS.
D) Only standards for oxides of elements and particulate matter are evaluated under the NAAQS.

Question 60

The process by which heated water or material is discharged into waterways upsetting the ecological balance and decreasing the oxygen content is defined as ________.

A) land pollution
B) radioactive pollution
C) air pollution
D) thermal pollution

Question 61

Which of the following is true of the Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act?

A) It only allows government-manufactured pesticides to be sold.
B) It requires all pesticides to be registered with the EPA.
C) It cannot suspend the registration of an already registered pesticide.
D) It allows non-registered pesticides to be sold only with the close monitoring by the EPA.

Question 62

The Superfund Act, administered by the EPA, gives the federal government a mandate to ________.

A) establish marine sanctuaries in ocean waters as far seaward as the edge of the continental shelf
B) impose fines on buildings and office that cause harm to their occupants due to indoor air pollution
C) cleanup hazardous wastes that have been spilled, stored, or abandoned
D) set standards on the toxic substances that can be used or sold

Question 63

The ________ Act provides for the creation of a government fund to finance the cleanup of hazardous waste sites.

A) Resource Conservation and Recovery
B) Toxic Substances Control
C) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
D) National Environmental Policy

Question 64

Which of the following is true of the EPA standards set for toxic substances?

A) They are set without regard to economic or technological feasibility.
B) They are set based on the recommendation of business owners affected by the pollution.
C) They require the EPA to identify all chemicals based on the NAAQS.
D) They require a complete ban on all toxic substances.

Question 65

One of the features of the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act is that it ________.

A) requires the oil industry to adopt procedures and contingency plans to readily respond to and clean up oil spills
B) requires a permit for dumping wastes and other foreign materials into ocean waters
C) requires the tanker owner-operator to prove that it is fully insured to cover any liability that may occur from an oil spill
D) issues permits for discharge of dredged or fill material into navigable waters and qualified wetlands

Question 66

What are the measures taken to protect wetlands in the United States?

Question 67

Describe the purpose and requirements of an EIS?

Question 68

Which of the following is a true of the Superfund?

A) It gives mandate to the state government to deal with hazardous wastes that have been spilled, stored, or abandoned.
B) It identifies sites in the United States where hazardous wastes have been disposed of, stored, abandoned, or spilled.
C) It levies extra tax on the people of the state where hazardous wastes have been improperly disposed of.
D) It does not permit states and private parties who clean up hazardous waste sites to seek reimbursement from the fund.

Question 69

The ________ is a federal statute that authorizes the EPA to establish national primary potable water standards.

A) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
B) Federal Water Pollution Control Act
C) Clean Water Act
D) Safe Drinking Water Act

Question 70

The ________ authorizes the U.S. government to clean up oil spills and spills of other hazardous substances in ocean waters within 12 miles of the shore and on the continental shelf and to recover the cleanup costs from responsible parties.

A) Clear Water Act
B) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
C) Federal Water Pollution Control Act
D) Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act

Question 71

Armex, a large power plant, has been in the news for a potential defect in the construction of its inner chambers that caused radioactive fumes to escape from the plant to the surrounding areas. This has endangered the lives of the employees at the plant as well as those staying in nearby areas. This safety violation is likely to be taken up by the ________ for corrective action like closure of the plant.

A) Federal Nuclear Agency
B) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
C) Nuclear Waste Policy Commission
D) Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Question 72

Explain the nature and enforcement of the NAAQS?

Question 73

The remains of the process by which nuclear power is generated in a reactor are most likely to be classified as ________.

A) oil-spilled pollutants
B) inert elements
C) pesticides
D) hazardous wastes

Question 74

How are endangered species protected in the United States? Name three laws that protect wildlife species.

Question 75

The U.S. Coast Guard administers the Oil Pollution Act which requires the oil industry to ________.

A) obtain a permit for dumping wastes and other foreign materials into ocean waters
B) implement measures to avoid dumping of wastes into wells used for drinking water
C) adopt procedures and contingency plans to readily respond to and clean up oil spills
D) establish marine sanctuaries in ocean waters as far seaward as the edge of the continental shelf

Question 76

Which of the following is a mandate of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to the government?

A) to set standards for radioactivity in the environment
B) to select a permanent site for the disposal of nuclear wastes
C) to regulate thermal pollution from nuclear power plants
D) to use wetlands as a source of nuclear wastage disposal

Question 77

Describe any two legislations that have been implemented to minimize the damage caused by oil spills.

Question 78

The ________ is a federal statute that authorizes the EPA to regulate facilities that generate, treat, store, transport, and dispose of hazardous wastes.

A) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
B) Clear Water Act
C) Toxic Substances Control Act
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

Question 79

Which of the following is a federal statute that extends limited environmental protection to the oceans?

A) the Safe Drinking Water Act
B) the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act
C) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
D) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

Question 80

Which of the following is true of the Endangered Species Act?

A) It is the only federal law that protects wildlife at present.
B) It empowers the secretary of the interior to declare a form of wildlife as endangered.
C) It does not include marine species and amphibian life forms.
D) It applies only to the government taking of any endangered species.