Deck 4: The Tissue Level of Organization

Question 1

The type of epithelium found lining the respiratory tract is

A) simple squamous.
B) simple cuboidal.
C) stratified squamous.
D) transitional.
E) pseudostratified columnar.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following cells is found in stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

A) adipocyte
B) mast cell
C) fibroblast
D) melanocyte
E) macrophage

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Dead skin cells are shed in thick sheets because the strong links are held together by

A) gap junctions.
B) intermediate junctions.
C) tight junctions.
D) desmosomes.
E) junctional complexes.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The most abundant tissue type in the body is

A) epithelial tissue.
B) connective tissue.
C) muscle tissue.
D) nervous tissue.
E) contractive tissue.

Question 5

The four main types of tissues include

A) epithelium.
B) muscle.
C) nerve.
D) connective.
E) all of the above

Question 6

The linings of sweat glands have this type of tissue.

A) simple squamous
B) stratified squamous
C) transitional epithelium
D) pseudostratified columnar epithelium
E) simple cuboidal

Question 7

Epithelial cells are adapted for

A) providing protection.
B) controlling permeability.
C) providing sensations.
D) producing secretions.
E) all of the above

Question 8

Intercellular connections that lock cells together are called

A) tight junctions.
B) gap junctions.
C) desmosomes.
D) CAMS.
E) none of the above

Question 9

The type of epithelium that is found in functional lung tissue is

A) simple squamous.
B) stratified squamous.
C) simple cuboidal.
D) stratified cuboidal.
E) transitional.

Question 10

Examination of a tubular structure with the electron microscope reveals a lining of cells with microvilli. This tissue is from the

A) stomach.
B) small intestine.
C) female reproductive system.
D) male reproductive system.
E) urinary bladder.

Question 11

Which of the following is a term used to describe the number of layers of cells?

A) stratified
B) squamous
C) cuboidal
D) columnar
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about stratified epithelia?

A) They afford little mechanical protection.
B) They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs.
C) They line internal compartments and passageways.
D) They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.
E) They are vascular.

Question 13

Which of the following is a type of secretion in which cells undergo mitosis and rupture?

A) holocrine
B) merocrine
C) apocrine
D) mucous
E) none of the above

Question 14

Simple squamous epithelium would be found

A) at the surface of the skin.
B) lining the trachea.
C) lining blood vessels.
D) lining the chambers of the thyroid gland.
E) lining the urinary bladder.

Question 15

The type of epithelium with multiple cell types whose nuclei are staggered is

A) pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
B) simple columnar epithelium.
C) simple cuboidal epithelium.
D) stratified columnar epithelium.
E) stratified cuboidal epithelium.

Question 16

Milk production is an example of what type of secretion?

A) merocrine
B) holocrine
C) apocrine
D) serous
E) endocrine

Question 17

Epithelial cells that are adapted for removing material from the surface usually have ________ at their free surface.

A) many mitochondria
B) cilia
C) microvilli
D) Golgi complexes
E) junctional complexes

Question 18

A simple cuboidal epithelium would be found

A) lining the urinary bladder.
B) lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C) lining kidney tubules.
D) lining the stomach.
E) at the surface of the skin.

Question 19

A type of intercellular connection in which the outermost lipid portions of the two cell membranes is fused is termed a(n)

A) tight junction.
B) gap junction.
C) intermediate junction.
D) desmosome.
E) none of the above

Question 20

Collections of specialized cells and cell products that perform a specific function are

A) cellular aggregates.
B) tissues.
C) organs.
D) organ systems.
E) cellular strata.

Question 21

Which of the following are supportive connective tissues?

A) cartilage
B) bone
C) adipose connective tissue
D) dense connective tissue
E) both A and B

Question 22

Which of the following is the strongest type of cartilage?

A) fibrous cartilage.
B) hyaline cartilage.
C) elastic cartilage.
D) reticular cartilage.
E) transitional cartilage.

Question 23

Examples of fibrous connective tissue include

A) tendons.
B) salivary glands.
C) respiratory passages.
D) ligaments.
E) A and D only

Question 24

Most cells of the hypodermis are

A) fibroblasts.
B) macrophages.
C) adipocytes.
D) mast cells.
E) melanocytes.

Question 25

Functions of connective tissue include

A) establishing a structural framework for the body.
B) transporting fluids and dissolved materials.
C) providing protection for delicate organs.
D) storing energy reserves.
E) all of the above

Question 26

Skeletal muscle is to muscle tissue as bone is to

A) connective tissue.
B) muscle tissue.
C) nervous tissue.
D) epithelial tissue.
E) bone tissue.

Question 27

Connective tissue structures that attach muscles to bone are called

A) organs.
B) tendons.
C) ligaments.
D) cartilage.
E) nerves.

Question 28

The fiber type that can be stretched is called

A) collagen.
B) elastin.
C) actin.
D) myosin.
E) fibrin.

Question 29

Which of the following protects all of the others?

A) cartilage
B) bone
C) muscle
D) nerves
E) skin

Question 30

The immune surveillence of connective tissue is provided by

A) fibroblasts.
B) adipocytes.
C) macrophages.
D) osteocytes.
E) melanocytes.

Question 31

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as adipocytes are to

A) blood.
B) fat.
C) epithelium.
D) bone.
E) nervous tissue.

Question 32

A lymph node contains large amounts of

A) basement membrane.
B) junctional complexes.
C) intercellular glue.
D) fibrous netting.
E) reticular fibers.

Question 33

Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?

A) muscle tissue
B) nervous tissue
C) bone tissue
D) simple squamous tissue
E) glandular tissue

Question 34

The most common type of cartilage is

A) ligamentous.
B) hyaline.
C) elastic.
D) fibrous cartilage.
E) osseous.

Question 35

The cell that accounts for the least amount of the volume of blood is the

A) red blood cell.
B) leukocyte.
C) platelet.
D) thrombocyte.
E) none of the above

Question 36

Types of connective tissue include

A) skeletal, smooth, and fibrous.
B) simple squamous, adipose, and smooth.
C) skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
D) bone, elastic connective, and blood.
E) fibrous connective, stratified squamous, and skeletal.

Question 37

Why does damaged cartilage heal slowly?

A) Chondrocytes cannot be replaced if killed, and other cell types must take their place.
B) Cartilage is avascular, so nutrients and other molecules must diffuse to the site of injury.
C) Damaged cartilage becomes calcified, thus blocking the movement of materials required for healing.
D) Chondrocytes divide more slowly than other cell types, delaying the healing process.
E) Damaged collagen cannot be quickly replaced, thus slowing the healing process.

Question 38

Cells that release histamine and heparin are

A) fibroblasts.
B) adipocytes.
C) melanocytes.
D) macrophages.
E) mast cells.

Question 39

Most of the digestive tract is lined by

A) stratified squamous epithelia.
B) columnar epithelia.
C) transitional epithelia.
D) simple squamous epithelia.
E) transitional epithelia.

Question 40

This type of tissue typically makes up the internal framework of organs such as the spleen.

A) neural
B) cardiac
C) skeletal
D) serous
E) reticular

Question 41

The replacement of normal tissue with abnormal tissue is called

A) redness, warmth, and swelling.
B) bleeding, clotting, and hemolysis.
C) necrosis, fibrosis, and scarring.
D) hematoma, shivering, and fever.
E) none of the above

Question 42

Cells of neural tissue that support the tissue are called

A) neuroglia.
B) neurons.
C) fibroblasts.
D) adipocytes.
E) none of the above

Question 43

The cell body of a neuron is also called

A) a soma.
B) dendrites.
C) an axon.
D) nerve fibers.
E) a synapse.

Question 44

The muscle tissue without striations is

A) skeletal muscle.
B) smooth muscle.
C) cardiac muscle.
D) voluntary muscle.
E) multinucleated muscle.

Question 45

Examination of a tissue sample reveals relatively few cells with a large amount of intercellular material. The tissue is most likely

A) muscle.
B) nervous.
C) epithelium.
D) connective tissue.
E) adipose tissue.

Question 46

Tissue that is specialized for contraction is

A) cartilage.
B) nerve tissue.
C) epithelium.
D) connective tissue.
E) muscle.

Question 47

Smooth muscle differs from the other two types of muscle tissue because

A) of its arrangement of actin and myosin.
B) it has only one nucleus per cell.
C) it has the ability to contract independent of neural stimulation.
D) it contains actin and myosin filaments.
E) it forms muscle fibers.

Question 48

Which of the following is made up of a complete simple columnar epithelium and a relatively large amount of underlying connective tissue, and provides lubrication?

A) mucous membranes
B) serous membranes
C) cutaneous membranes
D) synovial membranes
E) none of the above

Question 49

Which type of tissue contains neuroglial cells?

A) connective
B) epithelial
C) muscle
D) nerve
E) squamous

Question 50

The skin is sometimes referred to as the

A) cutaneous membrane.
B) mucous membrane.
C) serous membrane.
D) synovial membrane.
E) none of the above

Question 51

A lubricating membrane that works with cartilage in a joint is called a

A) mucous membrane.
B) synovial membrane.
C) serous membrane.
D) glandular membrane.
E) cutaneous membrane.

Question 52

Another term for smooth muscle tissue is

A) nonstriated involuntary.
B) smooth voluntary.
C) striated voluntary.
D) smooth.
E) cardiac.

Question 53

Close examination of an organ reveals two middle tissue layers of organized cells. The layers seem to be running in circular and longitudinal directions. This tissue is probably

A) epithelium.
B) muscle.
C) nervous.
D) connective tissue.
E) fat tissue.

Question 54

Tissue that contains large amounts of actin and myosin is

A) muscle tissue.
B) nervous tissue.
C) areolar tissue.
D) osseous tissue.
E) epithelial tissue.

Question 55

Which of the following may occur with aging?

A) more efficient tissue maintenance
B) increased ability to repair and more fragile connective tissue
C) thicker connective tissue
D) A and B only
E) none of the above

Question 56

The process of normal tissue repair is called

A) necrosis.
B) fibrosis.
C) inflammation.
D) regeneration.
E) none of the above

Question 57

The muscle tissue that usually attaches to bone is

A) skeletal muscle.
B) smooth muscle.
C) cardiac muscle.
D) voluntary muscle.
E) multinucleate muscle.

Question 58

The muscle tissue that contains intercalated discs is

A) skeletal muscle.
B) smooth muscle.
C) cardiac muscle.
D) voluntary muscle.
E) multinucleate muscle.

Question 59

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the

A) pleura.
B) peritoneum.
C) pericardium.
D) perichondrium.
E) periosteum.

Question 60

Which of the following may result due to a decrease in tissue repair?

A) invasion
B) neoplasm
C) infection
D) cancer
E) none of the above

Question 61

Secretions directly into the blood are characteristic of _________________________ glands.

Question 62

The study of epithelial cells shed and collected at the epithelial surface is _________________________ cytology.

Question 63

Histamine release during inflammation causes _________________________ blood vessel permeability.

Question 64

The process of tissue replacement is called _________________________.

Question 65

The most abundant fluid connective tissue in the body is _________________________.

Question 66

Epithelial and connective tissues combine to form _________________________ and tissues in the body.

Question 67

Secretions onto body surfaces require connection to the surface by a _________________________.

Question 68

Stringy proteins found in connective tissues are called _________________________.

Question 69

_________________________ are cells that support and protect the neurons.

Question 70

_________________________ cells are modified to change shape in response to electrical stimuli.

Question 71

Tissue changes with age can be the result of

A) hormonal changes.
B) changes in lifestyle.
C) improper nutrition.
D) inadequate levels of activity.
E) all of the above

Question 72

Regions where adjacent cardiocytes interlock and electrical coupling between cells occurs are _________________________.

Question 73

Approximately 75 percent of cancers in the aging population are the result of

A) inadequate diets.
B) chemical exposures.
C) environmental factors.
D) both A and B
E) both B and C

Question 74

What type of epithelium would you expect to find lining the urinary bladder?

Question 75

The study of tissue is called _________________________.

Question 76

_________________________ membranes are associated with freely moveable joints.

Question 77

Membranes that are mostly connective tissue with a discontinuous epithelium are called _________________________.

Question 78

The type of muscle cell that has the ability to divide is _________________________ muscle.

Question 79

Flattened cells on the surface are characteristic of _________________________ epithelia.

Question 80

The combination of fibers and ground substance in supporting connective tissues is known as _________________________.