Deck 19: The Reproductive System

Question 1

The paired erectile tissues of the penis are the

A) glans penis.
B) prepuce.
C) corpus spongiosum.
D) corpora cavernosa.
E) penile urethra.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Interstitial cells produce

A) sperm.
B) FSH.
C) nutrients.
D) testosterone.
E) androgen-inhibiting protein.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Sperm cells are stored primarily in the

A) seminiferous tubules.
B) straight tubules.
C) lobules.
D) interstitial areas.
E) epididymis.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The erectile tissue that is located on the dorsal surface of the penis is the

A) membranous urethra.
B) penile urethra.
C) corpus spongiosum.
D) corpora cavernosa.
E) prepuce.

Question 5

The small, paired glands at the base of the penis that produce a lubricating secretion are the

A) seminal vesicles.
B) prostate glands.
C) prenuptial glands.
D) Bartholin's glands.
E) bulbourethral glands.

Question 6

The hormone responsible for a male's secondary sexual characteristics is

A) testosterone.
B) ICSH.
C) FSH.
D) LH.
E) gonadotropin.

Question 7

Sperm production occurs in the

A) ductus deferens.
B) seminiferous tubules.
C) epididymis.
D) seminal vesicles.
E) rete testis.

Question 8

Undifferentiated spermatogenic cells are called

A) spermatogonia.
B) spermatids.
C) primary spermatocytes.
D) secondary spermatocytes.
E) sperm.

Question 9

Straight tubules originate at the seminiferous tubules and form a maze of passageways called the

A) epididymis.
B) ductus deferens.
C) rete testis.
D) efferent ducts.
E) ejaculatory ducts.

Question 10

The tubular gland that produces a secretion that contains fructose, is slightly alkaline, and contributes about 60 percent to the volume of the semen is the

A) prostate gland.
B) bulbourethral gland.
C) seminal vesicle.
D) corpus cavernosum.
E) prenuptial gland.

Question 11

The structure that stores sperm is the

A) ductus deferens.
B) epididymis.
C) seminal vesicle.
D) ejaculatory duct.
E) corpus spongiosum.

Question 12

The urinary system is exclusive to the

A) gonads.
B) ducts that receive and transport the gametes.
C) accessory glands and organs that secrete fluids.
D) external genitalia.
E) female urethra.

Question 13

The stage of development prior to a developing sperm beginning spermiogenesis is

A) spermatogonia.
B) secondary spermatocytes.
C) spermatids.
D) spermatozoans.
E) nurse cells.

Question 14

Sperm are moved along the ductus deferens by

A) hydrostatic force.
B) ciliary action.
C) peristaltic contractions.
D) suction.
E) guide cells.

Question 15

The portion of erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is the

A) prepuce.
B) glans.
C) corpus spongiosum.
D) corpora cavernosa.
E) corona glandis.

Question 16

________ are formed at the end of meiosis.

A) Spermatogonia
B) Primary spermatocytes
C) Spermatids
D) Secondary spermatocytes
E) Spermatozoa

Question 17

The reproductive system

A) produces and transports gametes.
B) stores and nourishes gametes.
C) produces FSH and LH.
D) A and B only
E) all of the above

Question 18

The spermatic cord is

A) a bundle of tissue that contains the ductus deferens and the blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that serve the testis.
B) a narrow opening that links the scrotal chamber with the peritoneal cavity.
C) the external marking of the boundary between the two chambers of the scrotum.
D) a layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac.
E) a dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds the testis.

Question 19

The scrotum is

A) the male organ of copulation.
B) the site of sperm production.
C) erectile tissue of the penis.
D) responsible for temperature control of the testes.
E) superior to the glans penis.

Question 20

Semen contains

A) spermatozoans.
B) seminal fluid.
C) nutrients.
D) enzymes.
E) all of the above

Question 21

The following is a list of structures of the male reproductive tract. 1. ductus deferens
2) urethra
3) ejaculatory duct
4) epididymis
The order in which sperm pass through these structures from the testes to the penis is

A) 1, 3, 4, 2.
B) 4, 3, 1, 2.
C) 4, 1, 2, 3.
D) 4, 1, 3, 2.
E) 1, 4, 3, 2.

Question 22

________ is characterized by failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum at the time of birth.

A) Impotence
B) Cryptorchidism
C) Sterility
D) Incontinence
E) Erectile dysfunction

Question 23

Long-term compression of the spermatic artery and vein could result in

A) decreased blood flow to the testes.
B) decreased blood levels of testosterone.
C) sterility.
D) impotence.
E) all of the above

Question 24

About the time of ovulation, the anterior pituitary releases a large quantity of

A) gonadotropins.
B) FSH.
C) LH.
D) estrogen.
E) progesterone.

Question 25

Currently, this type of cancer is the second most common cancer in males, and it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men.

A) prostate cancer
B) testicular cancer
C) lung cancer
D) penile cancer
E) bone cancer

Question 26

The hormone oxytocin aids in the birth process by stimulating

A) the functional maturation of sperm.
B) fetal muscular movements.
C) uterine wall contractions.
D) an increase in estrogen secretion.
E) all of the above

Question 27

Contraction of the dartos muscle

A) occurs when the testes are too cool.
B) produces an erection.
C) propels sperm through the urethra.
D) moves sperm through the ductus deferens.
E) moves the testes closer to the body cavity.

Question 28

During pregnancy,

A) progesterone causes the ductile system of the mammary glands to grow.
B) estrogen stimulates the development of milk-producing glands.
C) milk production is inhibited by prolactin.
D) LH causes normal regeneration of the uterine lining.
E) none of the above

Question 29

The tubular portion of the uterus that extends downward into the upper portion of the vagina is the

A) urethra.
B) ejaculatory duct.
C) cervix.
D) perimetrium.
E) isthmus.

Question 30

The hormones responsible for maintaining the uterine wall during the second and third trimesters are

A) FSH and LH.
B) placental lactogens.
C) hCG and LH.
D) placental estrogen and progesterone.
E) none of the above

Question 31

The organ that provides mechanical protection and nutritional support for the developing embryo is the

A) vagina.
B) uterine tube.
C) ovary.
D) uterus.
E) cervix.

Question 32

The role of the pituitary hormone LH in males is to

A) stimulate the interstitial cells to produce testosterone.
B) stimulate the sustentacular cells to produce inhibin.
C) initiate sperm production in the testes.
D) develop and maintain secondary sex characteristics.
E) influence sexual behaviors and sex drive.

Question 33

The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics is

A) estrogen.
B) progesterone.
C) LH.
D) FSH.
E) gonadotropin.

Question 34

The female structure that corresponds to the male penis is the

A) vagina.
B) clitoris.
C) vestibule.
D) labia minora.
E) labia majora.

Question 35

The muscle in the wall of the scrotum is the

A) cremaster muscle.
B) scrotus externus muscle.
C) dartos muscle.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 36

Major functions of the accessory glands of the male reproductive system include

A) activating the spermatozoa.
B) providing nutrients spermatozoa need for motility.
C) propelling spermatozoa and fluids along the reproductive tract.
D) producing buffers.
E) all of the above

Question 37

Sperm cannot fertilize an egg unless they have been in the female reproductive tract for several hours. This enhanced ability of the sperm to fertilize the ovum is called capacitation. In vitro studies indicate that the sperm can fertilize the ovum if they are first washed before being introduced to the ovum. These observations suggest that

A) the process of capacitation involves the removal of some inhibiting substance or substances from the sperm.
B) the process of capacitation is temperature dependent.
C) in capacitation, secretions of the female reproductive tract are taken up by the sperm.
D) pH is an important factor in the process of capacitation.
E) only sperm that come into contact with vaginal secretions are capable of fertilizing an ovum.

Question 38

The pituitary hormone that stimulates spermatogenesis is

A) FSH.
B) LH.
C) ACTH.
D) ADH.
E) GH.

Question 39

Removal of the seminal glands would result in semen

A) that lacked sperm.
B) with a lower-than-normal pH.
C) with less fructose.
D) with no lubricating fluids.
E) that lacked androgens.

Question 40

How many spermatozoa are produced during spermatogenesis?

A) one
B) two
C) four
D) six
E) eight

Question 41

The vestibule is

A) a central space surrounded by the labia minora.
B) the inner lining of the uterus.
C) the inferior portion of the uterus.
D) a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia.
E) a tube that carries ova from the ovary to the uterus.

Question 42

The most commonly prescribed oral contraceptives use

A) synthetic androgens.
B) gonadotropins.
C) synthetic estrogen and progesterone.
D) FSH and LH.
E) LH.

Question 43

Which of the following is an unpaired structure?

A) vas deferens
B) seminal vesicle
C) prostate gland
D) bulbourethral gland
E) corpus cavernosa

Question 44

The anterior enlargement of erectile tissue in females is the

A) fornix.
B) vestibule.
C) hymen.
D) clitoris.
E) isthmus.

Question 45

The generally dark, pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple is called the

A) clitoris.
B) fornix.
C) zona pellucida.
D) hymen.
E) areola.

Question 46

The clitoris is a

A) thin epithelial fold that partially or completely blocks the entrance to the vagina.
B) fleshy fold that encircles the vestibule.
C) mound of fat that is superior to the pubis.
D) mass of erectile tissue located at the anterior margin of the labia minora.
E) shallow recess that surrounds the cervical portion of the vagina.

Question 47

The process of oogenesis produces ________ viable ovum/ova.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) eight

Question 48

During the secretory phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle,

A) ovulation occurs.
B) a new functional layer is formed in the uterus.
C) secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium.
D) the old functional layer is sloughed off.
E) the corpus luteum is formed.

Question 49

Which of the following is an unpaired structure?

A) ovaries
B) labia majora
C) labia minora
D) clitoris
E) uterine tube

Question 50

The average length of the menstrual cycle is ________ days.

A) 10
B) 14
C) 21
D) 28
E) 35

Question 51

The vagina

A) serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluids.
B) receives the penis during coitus.
C) holds spermatozoa prior to their passage to the uterus.
D) forms the lower portion of the birth canal.
E) all of the above

Question 52

In the mammary glands, milk production occurs in the

A) lobes.
B) lobules.
C) lactiferous ducts.
D) lactiferous sinuses.
E) all of the above

Question 53

The hormone commonly measured in a pregnancy test is

A) estrogen.
B) progesterone.
C) hCG.
D) FSH.
E) LH.

Question 54

Which of the following is the smaller amount?

A) the number of primordial follicles in the female ovaries at birth
B) the number of primordial follicles in the female ovaries at puberty

Question 55

The superior portion of the vagina that surrounds the cervix is the

A) isthmus.
B) fornix.
C) fundus.
D) body.
E) os.

Question 56

The cell commonly called the egg, or ovum, is more correctly called the

A) oocyte.
B) oogonia.
C) primary oocyte.
D) secondary oocyte.
E) zygote.

Question 57

Female athletes sometimes experience disturbances in their menstrual cycles due to

A) increased testosterone.
B) increased estrogen.
C) decreased testosterone.
D) decreased estrogen.
E) increased progesterone.

Question 58

Fertilization normally occurs in the

A) fallopian tube.
B) uterus.
C) peritoneal cavity.
D) vagina.
E) vas deferens.

Question 59

At puberty in both sexes,

A) levels of FSH and LH increase.
B) gametogenesis begins.
C) secondary sex characteristics begin to appear and a sex drive develops.
D) A and C only
E) all of the above

Question 60

The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is

A) LH.
B) FSH.
C) progesterone.
D) estradiol.
E) estrogen.

Question 61

Just prior to menses,

A) ovulation occurs.
B) a new uterine lining is formed.
C) secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium.
D) estrogen and progesterone levels drop rapidly.
E) the corpus luteum is formed.

Question 62

The surgical technique used to sterilize a male is termed

A) tubal ligation.
B) spermatoectomy.
C) penile barrier.
D) vasectomy.
E) none of the above

Question 63

In response to parasympathetic stimulation,

A) vessels in the penis dilate.
B) blood flow increases to the erectile tissue.
C) vascular channels in the erectile tissue become engorged with blood.
D) erection occurs.
E) all of the above

Question 64

Identify the notable risk factor(s) associated with breast cancer.

A) family history
B) poor diet
C) pregnancy after age 30
D) early menarche
E) A, C, and D

Question 65

Emission

A) occurs under parasympathetic stimulation.
B) begins with peristaltic contractions of the vas deferens.
C) is responsible for propelling spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract.
D) involves contractions of the cremaster muscle.
E) all of the above

Question 66

The most common forms of sexually transmitted diseases include

A) syphilis, AIDS, Bordetella, and herpes.
B) hepatitis, herpes, pneumonia, and warts.
C) gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, and chancroid.
D) warts, HIV, herpes, and vibriosis.
E) syphilis, anthrax, gonorrhea, and tularemia.

Question 67

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A) is frequently caused by sexually transmitted pathogens.
B) causes fever and abdominal pain.
C) can cause sterility.
D) can possibly lead to peritonitis.
E) all of the above

Question 68

Currently, another probable cause of up to 50 percent of all cases of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) involves this genus of microorganism.

A) Chlamydia
B) Streptococcus
C) Mycobacterium
D) Lactobacillus
E) Staphylococcus

Question 69

Cessation of the normal adult menstrual cycle for six months or more is termed

A) dysfunction.
B) amenorrhea.
C) menarche.
D) puberty.
E) dysmenorrhea.

Question 70

During the male climacteric,

A) sperm production ceases.
B) the penis shrinks.
C) FSH and LH levels rise.
D) sex drive increases.
E) all of the above

Question 71

The process of emission is under the control of

A) the parasympathetic nervous system.
B) the sympathetic nervous system.
C) both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

Question 72

The increase in FSH that occurs during the first half of the ovarian cycle triggers

A) follicle maturation.
B) menstruation.
C) ovulation.
D) menopause.
E) pregnancy.

Question 73

The process of arousal is under the control of

A) the parasympathetic nervous system.
B) the sympathetic nervous system.
C) both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

Question 74

For erection and ejaculation to occur,

A) there must be sufficient blood hydrostatic pressure leading to erectile tissue.
B) the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches of the nervous system must be properly functioning.
C) the urinary sphincters must be closed.
D) A and B only
E) all of the above

Question 75

This birth control strategy interferes with the female hormonal cycle so that ovulation does not occur.

A) vaginal barrier
B) intrauterine device (IUD)
C) rhythm method
D) diaphragm
E) oral contraceptives

Question 76

The organism responsible for 50 percent to 80 percent of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) infections is

A) Chlamydia trachomatis.
B) Ureaplasma urealyticum.
C) Chlamydia psittaci.
D) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
E) Neisseria meningitides.

Question 77

Marissa is an avid jogger and she trains incessantly. She has slimmed down so that she is now underweight for her height and has very little fat tissue. You would expect Marissa to

A) have heavy menstrual flows.
B) double ovulate.
C) be amenorrheic (have no monthly menstrual flow).
D) have painful menstrual cramps.
E) show elevated levels of FSH.

Question 78

The clinical term for inflammation of the ovary is

A) glomerulonephritis.
B) testicular hypertrophy.
C) prostatitis.
D) nephritis.
E) follicular hypertrophy.

Question 79

Match the hormone in the first column with its primary effect in the second column.
_____ 1. estrogen A. maintains secondary sex
characteristics
_____ 2. inhibin B. stimulates interstitial cells
_____ 3. androgen C. inhibits secretion of FSH
_____ 4. luteinizing hormone D. stimulates LH secretion
_____ 5. gonadotropin-releasing hormone E. stimulates FSH secretion

Question 80

The phase of the uterine cycle prior to ovulation is the ________ phase.

A) preovulatory
B) secretory
C) proliferative
D) puerperal
E) meiosis